SPECTEMUR AGENDO 

A HISTORY OF THE 

STATE FENCIBLES 

1913-1919 



COLONEL THOMAS SjLANARD 




Class. 

Book.___ 

GopyrightN!* 

COElfRIGHT DEPOSrr. 



SPECTEMUR AGENDO 
A History of the 

STATE FENCIBLES 

1913-1919 



SPECTEMUR AGENDO 

A History of the 

STATE FENCIBLES 

1913-1919 



Including all of the Principal Events 
FROM THE 

CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY 

TO THE END OF THE 

WORLD WAR 



BY 

THOMAS S. LANARD 

COLONEL COMMANDING 
STATE FENCIBLES INFANTRY REGIMENT 




1. F HUNTZINOER CO. 

PRINTERS 

CAMDEN. N. J. 

1920 






f^^ 



% 



COPYRIGHT 1920 
BY 

THOMAS S. LANARD 



ONCE A FENCIBLE-ALWAYS A FENCIBLE 



PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO A RESOLUTION 

BY THE BOARD OF OFFICERS OF THE 
STATE FENCIBLES INFANTRY REGIMENT 



vJUN -8 rd20 



©n A570272 



•\-i - f 



TO THE MOTHERS 

OF THOSE BRAVE LADS 

WHO GAVE THEIR LIVES 

FOR THE 

CAUSE OF HUMANITY 

THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED 



INTRODUCTION. 

The first question the Author must answer when this book 
reaches the public is, why "Spectemur Agendo" for a title! 

In explanation of this, the Author desires to say that no 
more fitting title for a book of this character could be found 
than that given to it. Perhaps that statement calls for fur- 
ther explanation. 

It was on July 4, 1813, that the State Fencibles held its 
first parade after its organization. This parade was fol- 
lowed by a banquet at Fouquet's Garden. During the din- 
ner a deputation from the Second Troop Philadelphia City 
Cavalry appeared and announced the following toast : 

' ' The State Fencibles, zealous, brave and patriotic, only want an 
opportunity to secure distinction. ' ' 

To the toast Clement C. Biddle, the Commandant of the 
State Fencibles and a noted scholar of his day, arose and 
replied, " Spectemur Agendo. '^ 

This Latin phrase, a free translation being, "Let us be 
judged by our actions"* was at once adopted by the Fen- 
cibles as its "Motto." 

The Author, therefore, considering the vicissitudes of 
this Command during the past six years, may well repeat 
the words uttered by Captain Biddle, which for over one 
hundred and six years have explained to the public the rea- 
son for the existence of this Command. 

The primary purpose of this book is to cover the events 
occurring during the six years in which the Author has been 
in Command of the State Fencibles. It was my privilege 
in 1911, to publish a book entitled the "Infantry Battalion 

•Webster's International Dictionary (Ed. 1906), page 1916. 

vii 



VIU INTRODUCTION 

State Fencibles and its Visit to Atlanta and Other Southern 
Cities. ' ' That book, while it contained a very brief history 
of the State Fencibles, was written principally for the pur- 
pose of perpetuating- the State Fencibles' visit to Atlanta, 
Georgia, to participate in the unveiling of the Peace Monu- 
ment by the Old Guard of the Gate City Guard. 

In 1913 I also compiled a history entitled ' ' One Hundred 
Years with the State Fencibles." That work gave a very 
concise account of all the principal events in the history of 
the State Fencibles from its organization. May 26, 1813, to 
May 8, 1913, a few days less than the full one hundred years. 
The closing lines of that volume are as follows : 

"In futvro, the Author having promised the Centennial Committee 
this book for the celebration, it became necessary to close the forms on 
May 8th, consequently the history of the celebration must necessarily 
be omitted. It is hoped that some ambitious Feneible will cause to 
be written a full and detailed account of the same, which would be a 
very valuable supplement to this book. ' ' 

It was my intention, at the expiration of my commission 
as Captain and Adjutant, to sever connection with the Com- 
mand and return to private life, but as has been the history 
of the world, unexpected events happen over night which 
change the career of men, the history of organizations and 
even the destiny of Nations; thus it was that immediately 
after the close of the exercises incident to the One Hun- 
dredth Anniversary of the State Fencibles, that Major 
Thurber T. Brazer, who had the honor to Command the 
Fencibles for twenty years, tendered his resignation to take 
effect at the expiration of his fourth commission, to wit, 
June 14, 1913, and at his suggestion tender of said office was 
made to me. 

On June 23, 1913, the Board of Officers convened at the 
Armory, and the Author was unanimously elected Com- 
mandant with the rank of Major. The important duty of 
writing the history of the Command was also transferred 
to me, and the work, which I at one time had anticipated 
coming from the pen of another Feneible, I now find it my 



INTRODUCTION . IX 

duty to compile. Wliile, as I first stated, the purpose of tliis 
book is to perpetuate the events occurring during my six 
years in Command, nevertheless I feel that it is my duty to 
first complete the remaining portion of the administration 
of my predecessor, Major Brazer, and to perpetuate the 
history of tlie celebration of the One Hundredth Anniver- 
sary of the State Fencibles, an event which for splendor and 
hospitality has never been equaled in the history of the mili- 
tary events of the City of Philadelphia. One chapter of the 
book therefore, contains the arrangments for the Anniver- 
sary and the events which followed. The remaining portion 
is devoted to the events during the Author's command; 
years which are marked with joy, pleasure, turmoil, strife, 
sorrow and disappointments. Notwithstanding the fact that 
the State Fencibles had served its City, State and Nation 
for one hundred years, there yet remained persons of influ- 
ence in the City of Philadelphia with patriotism so shallow, 
love for historic institutions so base, dislike for the State 
Fencibles so patent, that within a few months after the 
Author assumed Command an attempt was made to blot this 
organization from the pages of history. 

Another portion is devoted to the formation of a regiment 
to join the Roosevelt Expedition and later a detailed account 
of the service rendered by the members of this Command 
during the World War, but I am revealing too much of the 
contents of this book ; read and be convinced, that, as it was 
written of the Fencibles of old, "Their valor was as keen 
as polished was their arms," and the modern day slogan, 
"Once a Fencible — always a Fencible," was very vividly 
exemplified during the past six years, and I am happy to 
say that our ancient motto, '^ Spectemur Agendo" has 
always been the guiding star, reminding us of the sacred 
trust committed to our care and admonishing us at all times 
to do greater and better things toward upholding the dig- 
nity, traditions and reputation of this Command. 

The Author, therefore, respectfully submits the following 
pages without prejudice or apologies, of events from the 
Centennial Anniversary to the end of that great World War, 



X . INTRODUCTIION 

wherein we gave the best blood of this Command to per- 
petuate the ideals for which America stands before the 
world. And may I say of those brave lads who gave their 
lives : 

' ' So may it be, perchance, when down the tide 
Our dear ones vanish. Peacefully they glide. 
On level seas, nor mark the unknown bound. 
We call it death — to them 'tis life beyond." 

These events are now history, "So that ye may read and 
learn," is the reason for this book. 

*' The Author.'' 



CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER 1—1813-1913 

HISTORY OF STATE FENCIBLES 

Organization of State Feucibles— War of 1812— Trip to Boston— Buckshot 
War — Riots of 1844 — Mexican War — Civil War — Centennial Legion — 
Riots of 1877 — Organization of National Guards — Death of Major 
Ryan— Spanish-American War — Armory Dispute — Fcncibles, a Muni- 
cipal Guard— Trolley Strike, I'JIO— Visit to Atlanta, Ga. — Visit to 
New Haven — Preparation for Centennial of Fencibles 1 

CHAPTER 11-1913 

CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY 

Organization of Committees — Invitations — Newspaper Accounts — Program 
of Entertainment — Orders for Parade — The Arrival of Visitors — 
Meeting at State House — Address of Hon. Norris S. Barratt — Visit to 
Navy Yard — Dinner at Washington Park — The Military Pageant — 
Banquet — Vaudeville Entertainment — Auto Tour — Departure of Visi- 
tors — Hartford Daily Courant 's Comment 15 

CHAPTER 111—1913-1914 

CURRENT EVENTS 

Resignation of Major Brazer — Election of Captain Thomas S. Lanard as 
Major — Dinner by Major Lanard to Command — Hike to Fort Mercer — 
Parade Army and Navy Union — Reception to Commandant — Anni- 
versary of Buckshot War — Reception to Major Brazer, Retired — In- 
vitation to Visit Second Infantry, N. J. — Visit to New York — Mexican 
Crisis, 1914 — 101st Anniversary of Fencibles — Visit of Ancient and 
Honorable Artillery of Boston — Presentation of Cup — Letter to 
Captain Coady 35 

CHAPTER IV 

THE ARMORY QUESTION 

The First Meeting Places — The First Armory — The City Armory — Re- 
building of Armory — First Rumor to Oust Fencibles — Letter:; — Action 
by City — Stay of Proceedings — Court Proceedings — Second Attempt 
to Gain Possession — Later Court Proceedings — Both Sides Parl'>y — 
ElecUuu of Mayor Smith — Interview with Mayor — Fencibles Victorious 
— Passage of Ordinance — Celebration at Armory — Letter of Thanks to 
Mayor Smith 50 

xiii 



XIV CONTENTS 

CHAPTER V— 1915 

citizens' training camp at broomall, del. CO. 

The Origin of the Camp — Newspaper Comments — Recruiting — First Day's 
Work — Incidents of Camp Life — Examination of Rookies — Camp 
Closes — Letter of Commendation — Invitation to Plattsburg Students — 
Dinner to Newspaper Correspondents 81 

CHAPTER VI— 1915-1916 

CURRENT EVENTS 

Parade Centennial Legion Anniversary — Reception at Wanamakers — 102d 
Anniversary Fencibles — 278th Anniversary Ancient and Honorable 
Artillery— Fourth of July Celebration, 1915— Death of Major With- 
erup — Camp at Broomall — General Wooding 's Visit to Philadelphia — 
Death of Mrs. Stonewall Jackson — Annual Dinner Board of Directors 
— Death of Captain Packer — Reception to Mayor Smith — 103d Anni- 
versary of Fencibles — Second Mexican Crisis — Fencibles Volunteer — 
Fourth of July, 1916, Celebration — Reception to the N. G. P. Return- 
ing from Mexico — Presentation of Memorial Tablet — 'Article by 
"Penn" of the Bulletin 94 

CHAPTER VII— 1917 

THE WORLD WAR 

The Cause of the War — Resolution to Form Regiment — Newspaper Com- 
ments — Order to Form Regiment — Recruiting of Companies — Tender 
o'f Service to Governor — Tender of Service to President — Corre- 
spondence — State of Pennsylvania's Quota Filled — Regiment Fully 
Recruited^Regiment Parades for Review 124 

CHAPTER VIII— 1917 

ROOSEVELT EXPEDITIONARY FORCES 

Fojmation of Roosevelt 's Expeditionary Forces — Tender of State Fencibles 
— Roosevelt's Acceptance — Newspaper Comments — Lecture by Major 
Nobds and McKenzic of the Canadian Army — Congress Passes Law 
Authorizing Volunteers — Roosevelt's Telegram to the President — The 
Reply — Roosevelt's Letter to Colonel Lanard — Roosevelt's Letter to 
the State Fencibles — Fencibles ' Final Attempt to Enter Service En 
Mass 137 

CHAPTER IX— 1917-1919 

CURRENT EVENTS 

Fencibles' Visit to Hartford and New York — Return of Second Pennsyl- 
vania Artillery — War Declared — Visit of Italian Envoys — 104th Anni- 
versary — Officers Camp at Broomall — Fencibles as Escort — Hike to 



CONTENTS XV 

Traymore — Activities at Armory During War— Hike to Port Indian — 
Inspection — 105th Anniversary — Major Prittie Klected — Hike to Bel- 
mont Farms — Camp at Janney — Flu Epidemic — Ball Old Guard N. Y. 
— Inspection— lOOth Anniversaiy — Camp 1919 152 

CHAPTER X 

STATE FENCIBLES WAR SERVICE 
Containing a list of members who served in the World War 163 

CHAPTER XI 
The Return of State Fencibles to the Pennsylvania National Guard 1S7 

CHAPTER XII 
OTHER ACTIVITIES AT ARMORY 

The Old Guard — The Medical Corps — State Fencibles Veteran Reserve — 

State Fencibles Post American Legion 195 

CHAPTER XIII 
Officers of the State Fencibles Infantry Regiment 209 



SPECTEMUR AGENDO 

A History of the 

STATE FENCIBLES 



CHAPTER I. 
1813-1913. 

ORGANIZATION OF STATE FENCIBLES — WAR OF 1812 TRIP TO BOS- 
TON BUCKSHOT WAR RIOTS OF 1844 MEXICAN WAR 

CIVIL WAR CENTENNIAL LEGION RIOTS OF 1877 ORGAN- 
IZATION OF NATIONAL GUARDS DEATH OF MAJOR RYAN 

SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR ARMORY DISPUTE FENCIBLES, A 

MUNICIPAL GUARD TROLLEY STRIKE 1910 — VISIT TO AT- 
LANTA, GA. VISIT TO NEW HAVEN PREPARATION FOR CEN- 
TENNIAL OF FENCIBLES. 

This chapter is intended as a mere introduction to give 
the reader a brief recital of some of the early history of the 
State Fencibles, consequently much of its one hundred years 
of continuous existence, leading up to the Centennial Anni- 
versary in May of 1913, will necessarily be passed over with 
but perfunctory mention.* 

From its inception the Fencibles was composed of the best 
blood of Philadelphia. Joseph K. Ingersoll, one of the noted 
family of that name, feeling the coming spirit of conflict, 
issued a call for a meeting for the purpose of organizing a 
company of infantry for the defense of the country. A copy 
of the original call is still in existence and in the possession 
of the State Fencibles, with the names of the men who re- 
sponded. Unfortunately, the date is undecipherable, but the 
time given. May 26, 1813, is approximately correct, from evi- 
dence in other writings. 

•For complete history see "One Hundred Years With the State Fencibles, 1913," by Lanard. 

I 



2 THE FIRST ONE HUNDRED YEARS 1813 

This document containing the names of the organizers 
gives the name of the organization as the "State Fencibles" 
and announces that the Corps* is to be commanded by 
Clement C. Biddle. 

A little over two months after the pleasant event just 
chronicled the Fencibles applied for active service. Up to 
the time of the forwarding of the tender of service, the war 
had been carried on in a desultory manner, but the landing 
of a large British force in Maryland and the threatening of 
the National Capitol caused a hurried assemblage of the 
militia of the several States. The Fencibles were at once ac- 
cepted and together with other companies of the militia were 
kept busy moving from point to point in the defensive ma- 
neuvers then attempted, but were given no real active duty. 

Although these companies accepted for service had been 
organized a year, their training was of the most crude char- 
acter, owing to the lack of expert officers to properly direct 
them in the exercises of the profession of arms. The knowl- 
edge possessed by the officers of the militia companies was 
barely that of the minor tactics; in fact, very little was 
known by them, but the manual of arms. There were no 
battalion or regimental organizations; no proper quarter- 
master or commissary departments, and the equipment was 
of the fancy kind, which appealed most to each separate or- 
ganization. Beyond the manual, there was a smattering of 
the "School of the Company," and it was not until the 
troops were actually in the presence of the enemy that they 
began to gather the knowledge requisite to make them 
proper soldiers. Being opposed to the flower of the British 
Army, soldiers fresh from the Peninsula campaign against 
Napoleon's veterans, in Spain, the intelligent receptivity of 
the amateur American soldier quickly caused them to absorb 
the remuisites of military life and the customs of the service. 

On the 25th day of August, 1814, the Corps left the City 
of Philadelphia and arrived at Kennet's SoT-nr.e, Camp 
Bloomfiold, on the 29th day of the same month. The Brigade 
changed its encampment several times; the last position 



*The term "Corps" was used to designate a single company until 1S76, when it was used to 
flesignate the civil body— the military body later being designated as the "Battalion." 



1814 RETURN FROM WAR— REORGANIZATION— MEETINGS 3 

selected was in the neighborhood of Wihnington, and called 
Camp DuPont. On the morning of the 30th of November, 
1814, the troops left Camp Dul^ont and arrived at Philadel- 
phia December 2, 1814. 

After the war, as has since proved the case, after an active 
campaign, a short period of lethargy succeeded the return 
to the home station. The Fencibles, however, determined 
that their Organization should be perpetuated. Captain 
Kuhn, who had succeeded Captain Biddle in the conunand 
of the Corps, declined to continue in the Command and Cap- 
tain John C. McCall was elected. 

Captain McCall served as Commandant for two years and 
was succeeded by Charles F. Roberts as Captain. There 
was also a complete change of the other officers, James 
Page was elected First Lieutenant; Thomas C. Rockhill, 
vSecond Lieutenant, and Samuel P. Wetherill, Ensign. It 
was then resolved to enter upon a more active career. Later 
began the real era of prosperity for the Fencibles, which was 
attained, by the choice of Lieutenant Page for Captain, a 
position he held for the ensuing fifty years. 

With new officers, new life was instilled into the Corps. 
Captain Page was a young man of social prominence. He 
had the energy of a thorough man of affairs and he speedily 
brought the Fencibles to a high state of perfection, and 
made it tlie most popular body of infantry extant. The uni- 
form worn at this period was the same as that which had 
been used during the war. 

For several years the Corps continued its progress. The 
minutes show a large number of parades, meetings, etc. 
There was no armory in which the Conmiand could be 
drilled. Orders show tliat drills were held on Tuesdays in 
the 'State House yard, and that meetings were held on Fri- 
day evenings at Mink's Tavern, Chalkley Baker's and at 
Rowland Smitli's. The Fourth of July parades and dinners 
became noted events, being held alternately at Kaighn's 
Point and at Grubb's Tavern, at Bristol. 

Li 1821 a band was organized. This was the inception of 
the famous musical organization, composed of colored 
musicians under the leadership of the celebrated Frank 



4 FIRST ONE HUNDRED YEARS 1821 

Johnson. The beginning of the band was very modest; 
one bugler, one fifer, one bass drum and a small drum. 

Being composed of men of social prominence, the Fen- 
cibles quickly became noted for the character of the social 
functions, which are such a necessary part of the life of 
citizen soldiers. The archives of the Corps contain a won- 
derful record of parades, parties, dinners, excursions and 
receptions. Target practice was held several times in tlie 
course of each year and the Corps was the recipient of many 
handsome and valuable trophies presented by friends, to be 
contested for, at the target. 

In the year 1826 the active body made a change in its uni- 
form. The band was also increased during this year and 
consisted of two buglers, two drummers and two fifers. 

Although the Corps had no armory, the members kept 
their uniforms, arms and equipments at their respective 
homes, persevered in their duties and the attendance at 
drills was always good. 

It was in the following year, 1827, that the Fencibles be- 
gan their career as hosts and guests. In those days it was 
considered the very proper thing for the military organiza- 
tions to visit other cities, and it naturally fell to the Fen- 
cibles to act as hosts whenever a visiting company came to 
this city. 

Preparatory to a trip to Boston and intermediate cities 
in 1832, the Corps adopted a fatigue uniform consisting of 
a white roundabout and white trousers. The coat had a 
standing collar and was fastened with a single row of cov- 
ered buttons. 

Toward the close of the year 1838, the clash between the 
Governor and the Legislature, over the election of a new 
Governor of the State, caused apprehensions of grave 
trouble. The militia were called out and the Fencibles were 
on duty for one month; most of that time being quartered 
in Harrisburg. This was the celebrated "Buckshot War," 
so called owing to the character of the ammunition issued 
to the troops. 



1844 NEW UNIFORMS— RIOTS— MEXICAN WAR 5 

An important change in the uniform was determined upon 
in April, 1844. It was then that the scarlet coat, which has 
so long been familiar to thousands, was adopted. Blue 
trousers with white stripes and the black bearskin shakos 
were also made a part of the uniform ; in fact, it was practi- 
cally the same as is worn at this day. 

The year 1844 was notable in the annals of Philadelphia 
owing to the disorder which prevailed in the districts of 
Southwark and Kensington. These disturbances were 
called the "Native American Riots," in which a certain 
element endeavored to destroy all the Catholic churches. 
The civil authorities were totally unable to cope with the 
situation. Churches were burned and many persons were 
killed and wounded. The Fencibles were on duty and 
actively engaged with the mob on Queen Street. Four of 
the Fencibles were severely wounded during the fight and 
Lieutenant Button died shortly afterward from the effects 
of his injuries. 

The difficulties between the United States and Mexico, 
which culminated in the War of 1846, caused a stiffening of 
the lines in all of the local military organizations. The 
Fencibles promptly offered their services, but the Govern- 
ment had sufficient troops, and as an organization, none of 
the troops of this City were taken into the service. Several 
individual members of the Fencibles, however, were com- 
missioned in other companies which had been accepted and 
participated in several battles of the campaign, and three 
were killed in action. 

From the period of the Mexican War down to the com- 
mencement of the great Civil War the Fencibles gained 
steadily in reputation as a military organization. All of 
the various duties were always well attended, the social fea- 
tures were added, and so popular did the Corps become 
that it was expanded into a provisional battalion of four 
companies on the occasion of its anniversary parade in Mav, 
1859. ^ : 

As has been previously stated, the Fencibles for a long 
period after its organization had no home; the disadvan- 



6 THE FIRST ONE HUNDRED YEARS 1859 

tages of having no central and permanent place of meeting 
and also a place in which to house its increasing valuable 
personal property, caused a lease of Military Hall to be 
made. These quarters were occupied until 1845, when the 
Command moved to the northeast corner of Eighth and 
Chestnut Streets, where Green's Hotel is now located. The 
next move was to 505 Chestnut treet, in 1859, wliich was 
occupied until after the Civil War. 

The excitement which pervaded all circles previous to the 
overt act which precipitated that great "Civil War" caused 
an accretion of members to all military companies. The 
Fencibles in the latter part of 1859 put themselves on record 
by formally adopting at a meeting of the Corps a resolution : 

Resolved — ' ' That as the State Fencibles were prompt in 1814 to 
march to repel the invaders of their country, they will be equally ready, 
at the call of the proper authority, to put down treason and uphold the 
union and constitution and the flag of the United States. ' ' 

Preparations for the coming conflict were visible on all 
.sides during 1860, and when the call for volunteers was 
made in April, 1861, the Fencibles' company was ready. Its 
Armory was open day and night, recruits swarming there 
anxious to enter the service as members of that organiza- 
tion. So many men offered, that an additional company was 
organized, and both companies were mustered into the 
United States service and assigned to the Eighteenth Regi- 
ment, Pennsylvania Volunteers and given the letters E 
and K. 

With their regiment the Fencibles left Philadelphia on 
the evening of May 14 and were taken to Baltimore, where 
the Eighteenth was assigned to a position on Federal Hill. 
The services in this, the three months' campaign, were of a 
most exacting nature, owing to the hostile element of the 
population of Maryland which was openly in sympathy with 
the cause of secession. At the end of the tour of duty the 
troops were all mustered out of the service, but the great 
majority of the Fencibles immediately re-enlisted for three 
years, serving principally in the Seventy-second and Eighty- 
second Regiments, Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. In all 



1862 CIVIL WAR— ELECTION CAPTAIN RYAN 7 

the Fencibles furnished 205 of its members to various regi- 
ments. 

Although unable to take up active service, Captain James 
Page kept alive the old organization of the Fencibles, enlist- 
ing many young men and making the Corps a feeder for the 
regiments in the field. In the latter part of 1862 the Blue 
Keserves, another famous military company of Philadelphia, 
having suffered by depiction owing to war, became a part 
of the Fencibles. 

During the emergency calls of '62 and '63 the Fencibles 
saw considerable service, losing several men in a skirmish 
with the rear guard of Lee's army in July, 1863. When the 
company was mustered into service for the 100 days under 
the call by the Governor, the little handful of the members, 
too old for the held, kept up the home interests until the 
active body returned. 

With the dawn of peace in 1865 nearly all of the old volun- 
teer organizations suffered from an apathy which can only 
be ascribed to the exhaustion of the four years' terrible 
struggle througli which the nation had passed. Of the or- 
ganizations which survived, today there remains only the 
First City Troop, National Guards, now the Second Penn- 
sylvania Artillery, and the State Fencibles. 

The meetings of the Fencibles were held regularly, and in 
1871 a proposition was made by Captain John W. Ryan, 
commanding Company A, Fourth Regiment, for the admit- 
tance of himself and a number of the men of his company 
to the Fencibles. At a meeting of the Corps on February 7, 
1871, Captain Ryan and sixteen others were elected mem- 
bers of the Fencibles and a month later the active roll was 
increased by more than thirty additional members. 

Application was at once made to the Governor for re-in- 
statement in the militia of the State; this w^as granted 
in a general order, and an election of officers was directed 
to be held. The final act in the rejuvenation of the Corps 
was had on March 2d, when Captain Ryan was elected Cap- 
tain of the State Fencibles and Colonel James Page was 
chosen President of the civil body. 



g THE FIRST ONE HUNDRED YEABS 1871 

Now, indeed, began a great period for the old-time Fen- 
cibles. The new commanding officer was one of the best 
drill instructors in the country, and the Fencibles quickly 
became known as one of, and many claimed it to be, the best 
drilled companies in the United States. Its first parade was 
made, after the reorganization, on May 8, when it had the 
right of line of the Eighth Regiment. 

In November, 1871, the Company was given quarters in 
the City Armory, on the site of its present handsome build- 
ing. 

On April 15, 1873, Governor Hartranft signed a supple- 
ment to the Militia Act of 1864, wherein it was expressly 
stipulated that organizations such as the State Fencibles, 
Infantry Corps National Guards, First Troop Philadelphia 
City Cavalry and others enumerated shall be deemed legal 
organizations of the militia of the State, in addition to those 
provided by current laws. 

In 1875 the Corps visited Boston and paraded at the One 
Hundredth Anniversary of the Battle of Bunker Hill. 

The next year, 1876, was memorable in Philadelphia, as it 
marked the opening of the Centennial Exposition, the first 
world's fair ever attempted in this country. The great fea- 
ture, from the military standpoint, was the magnificent 
parade on July 4th, the Centennial of the Declaration of In- 
dependence. In the column was a most unique aggregation 
of notable troops. Early in the year a proposition had been 
made to form a Centennial Legion to be composed of one 
representative military body from each of the thirteen orig- 
inal States. The Fencibles were designated by the Governor 
as the representative of Pennsylvania. 

From the pleasures of peace to the hardships of a cam- 
paign was the transition in the succeeding year, 1877, when 
the country was filled with disorder from one end to the 
other in the great railroad strikes and the resultant scenes 
of misrule and riot. The Fencibles, as part of the First 
Division, were ordered to Pittsburgh on the night of July 20, 
and took a very prominent part in the fighting of the next 



^ 



1878 BATTALION ORGANIZED— NEW ARMORY 9 

two days in the "Smoky City." This tour of duty hasted 
sixteen days, and upon the return of the troops to their 
homes, the Phihidelphia friends of the Corps gave them a 
most enthusiastic reception. 

Upon the Command having liad a sliort respite after the 
riots, the active work was immediately resumed. On June 
13, 1878, the Board of Directors formally voted to increase 
the Corps to a battalion of four companies. 

Prior to the reorganization of the National Guard of this 
State in 1880 the Fencibles had upon several occasions gone 
into camp at various places, but with the advent of the new 
order of things the Battalion participated with three bri- 
gades of the Guard in the first general camp in Fairmount 
Park in August, 1880. 

Many will no doubt remember the old ramshackle of a 
barn, an old dilapidated structure which stood on Broad 
Street prior to 1883. It was a disgrace to the City of Phila- 
delpliia; the First Regiment had abandoned it in disgust. 

The question then arose : Wliat shall the City of Philadel- 
phia do with it? It was then that Major Ryan stepped into 
the breach and offered to raise enough money to put an 
armory there that would be a matter of pride to the City 
of Philadelphia. Pending the construction of the building, 
the Fencibles moved into temporary quarters at 1909 Market 
Street, where it remained until September 22d, of 1884, 
when it took formal possession of its new and handsome 
home, erected at a cost of over $100,000, the entire sum 
being raised by the Fencibles.* 

The Battalion was thrown into mourning in the year 1886 
through the death of its Commander, Major John W. Ryan. 
Captain Chew was chosen to succeed Major Ryan in the 
command of the Battalion on November 18th. 

A test of the popularity of the Battalion was had in 1888, 
when it w^as determined to revive the social function and 
give a public ball, which had been such a feature of the 

•See Chapter IV on the Armory question, where attempts have since been made to take th* 
Armory from the Fencibles. 



■^Q THE FIRST ONE HUNDRED YEARS 1889 

Command in the very old days prior to the Civil War. The 
ball was given at the Academy of Music on February (5th, 
and was a most complete success. 

In October, 1889, the Battalion visited New York, where 
it was received by a battalion of the Seventh Regiment and 
reviewed by the Mayor of the City. 

At the annual ball in 1890 the feature of the evening was 
a drill by the Second Battery of New York, which was the 
guest of the Fencibles. 

November 24th, 1891, the commission of Major Chew hav- 
ing expired, by limitation of law, he declined a re-election, 
and Captain William A. Witherup was elected Major. 

In July of 1892 the sudden outbreak of the Homestead 
Riots called all of the troops of the State into active service. 
Within a very few hours after the call was made the Fen- 
cibles left with its Brigade for Mt. Gretna. The First 
Brigade was held in reserve at Gretna for nine days, and, 
the disorder having been quelled, was then relieved from 
further duty. 

On June 14, 1893, Major Witherup resigned his commis- 
sion as Commander of the Battalion and Captain Thurber 
T. Brazer, of Company D, was elected Major. 

The year 1898 brought the Spanish War and the Fencibles 
reported promptly at the State Camp at Mt. Gretna, where 
the National Guard of Pennsylvania had been mobilized in 
response to the call of the President for troops. Being the 
only independent battalion in the State, Major Brazer used 
every endeavor to secure permission to recruit his Com- 
mand to a regiment, but this was refused. 

The Sixth Regiment Infantry, as a National Guard or- 
ganization, was an eight company regiment, and at the time 
of its entrance into the service of the United States was 
augmented by the addition of the State Fencibles Battalion 
of four companies, making the Sixth Regiment Pennsyl- 
vania Volunteer Infantry the only twelve company regiment 
mustered into the United States service from Pennsylvania. 

All of the old organization of the National Guard having 



1900 DISPUTE WITH SIXTH REGIMENT H 

been practically disrupted by tlie war, the Guard was re- 
organized during the succeeding year, 1899, and the Fen- 
cibles' Battalion was once again made a part of the State's 
forces. In the re-organization of the Guard it was deter- 
mined to do away with all independent companies and bat- 
talions and have regiments upon the same basis as those in 
the United States Army. - The question at once arose as to 
the disposition of the State Fencibles. Its record had been 
too long and too honorable for any summary treatment. 
Finally, after consulting the wishes of the Corps, the author- 
ities determined to attach the Fencibles to the Sixth Infan- 
try, but it was supposed that its old independent character 
was to be preserved by giving it an autonomous standing, 
excepting lor tactical purposes. 

When the Fencibles were attached to the Sixth, it was 
found under the law that there would have to be an election 
for lield ofhcers of the regiment, including a major for the 
Fencibles' Battalion. 

The tw^elve Fencible officers were prevented, by reason 
of being in the minority, from having the selection of the 
regimental officers, but the twenty-four officers of the eight 
companies of the regiment were given the right to dictate 
who the commander of the Fencibles' Battalion should be. 
There was trouble at once. Successful opposition was 
started to Major Brazer; thus he w^as removed from the 
command of his own battalion. 

The old members of the Fencibles at once protested 
against such a proceeding and it was decided to withdraw 
from the Guard. Those men who had been transferred to 
the Sixth were given the privilege to return to the fold 
of the old Fencibles and many availed themselves of the 
opportunity. Those who remained with the Sixth Regiment 
set up a claim that they were the only legitimate Fencibles. 

Old-time members who had served in years gone by 
flocked to the Armory with offers of assistance to Major 
Brazer and those who had stood loyally by their commander. 
The seceders were notified that they were only in the 
Armory on sufferance, and litigation at once ensued. The 
matter was carried to the Supreme Court of the State of 



12 



THE FIRST ONE HUNDRED YEARS 1904 



Pennsylvania and a decision was handed down, after very 
able arguments on both sides, sustaining Major Brazer and 
conlirming himself and associates in their possession of the 
name of State Fencibles and of the Armory.* 

While the matter was pending, the Fencibles were busy 
perfecting their organization on an independent basis. The 
Old Guard was re-organized, scores of the former members 
again reporting for active work, and very soon the Battalion 
had its four companies and was living the life of an inde- 
pendent military organization. New blood was enlisted and 
it was not very long before the "Fencibles" again appeared 
in their old-time form. 

By Ordinance of Councils of the City of Philadelphia, 
approved January 11th, 1904, authority was given to lease 
the Armory to the State Fencibles for the term of ten years, 
and the said Ordinance further provided that the said State 
Fencibles shall at all times be subjected to the direction and 
control of the Director of Public Safety in times of public 
riot, disturbance or emergency. On April 2d, 1904, the said 
lease was duly executed, thus making the State Fencibles 
the only municipal guard in the country, answerable to the 
call of His Honor, the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia. 
A unique position, a reward of merit for an organization 
whose entire history is linked to the development of the 
City, the State and the Nation. 

From 1903 until 1908 the several companies of the ''Fen- 
cibles" went into camp each summer for a period of ten 
days. These encampments were held at Stroudsburg, Mon- 
roe County ; New Hope and Cross Roads, Bucks County and 
many other places. In 1908 the Fencibles went into camp 
for the first time as a battalion, since the close of the 
Spanish- American War. Through the courtesy of the citi- 
zens of Sea Isle City, the Battalion secured a beautiful tract 
of land south of the City of Sea Isle, New Jersey, where it 
held its annual encampment for three successive years. 

In the latter part of April, 1908, the Battalion was throwi^ 
into mourning by the death of Sergeant Major James Stim- 

•See Penna. Supreme Court Reports, Vol. 205, page 180, 4c., for full report of this case. 



1908 ANNIVERSARIES— TROLLEY STRIKE 13 

mel, who, in point of service, was the oldest livinij: non-com- 
missioned officer in the Fenciblcs. He was buried with full 
military honors. Company D, his old company and the 
band, were assigned as escort. 

The anniversary parade in May of each year continued 
to be a marked feature. The Old Guard banquet at the con- 
clusion of tlie parade was ever a success. These banquets 
were held at the Manufacturers' Club, the Union League, 
the Armory and other places, being largely attended by the 
city officials and many prominent military men. 

In May, 1910, one of the largest banquets ever held was 
given at the Armory where the entire Active Command, the 
Old Guard and Mayor John E. Reyburn, Director of Public 
Safety Henry Clay, and many others were present. 

On February 21, 1910, the Battalion was again called into 
active service. For a considerable time there had been fric- 
tion between the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company and 
its employees, which resulted in a street car strike. Traffic 
became obstructed and the strikers and their sympathizers 
threatened to do considerable damage to the Company's 
plant. On the afternoon of February 21st at 5 o'clock, orders 
were received to assemble the Battalion for duty at the 
earliest possible moment. Notwithstanding that all means 
of transportation from many points were entirely cut off, 
the Command, to the last man, reported for duty, and at 
midnight of that day were mustered into service. 

The Command was assigned the following morning to 
Germantown and Lehigh Avenues, where it remained until 
5 o'clock in the evening of February 22d. 

Some of the newspapers in sympathy with the striking 
element resented the movement of calling into service armed 
men and seeking for some effective club whereby the De- 
partment of Public Safety would be compelled to witlidraw 
the Fencibles, caused to be inserted in the columns of an 
afternoon paper some severe criticism* as to the conduct 
of this organization. So eager were they to condemn the 
Fencibles and their reports were so ridiculous that one could 

•Read page 44, Chapter III, where the newspapers four years later tell a, different story. 



14 THE FIRST ONE HUNDRED YEARS 1911 

easily read between the lines the real reason for this severe 
criticism. 

The best evidence of the value of the Fencibles' good, 
faithful, efficient and effective service to the City of Phila- 
delphia during this strike lay in the fact that the following 
day, after the much talked of event at Germantown and 
Lehigh Avenues, the several companies of the Command 
were assigned to the most important service that an organ- 
ization could render, to wit, guarding the ''Power Houses" 
at Thirty-third and Market Streets, Thirteenth and Mt. 
Vernon Streets, Second Street and Wyoming Avenue barn 
and powerhouse, 920 Delaware Avenue, Beach and Green 
Streets and other places, where the Command remained 
until the evening of March 1st, when they were mustered 
out of service, the strike having virtually ended. 

The encampment for the summer of 1911 was abandoned, 
so the members might participate in the ceremonies inci- 
dent to the unveiling of the monument by the Old Guard of 
the Gate City Guard, at Atlanta, Georgia.* 

The closing events for the year 1911 was the presence of 
the '^ Fencibles" at the dedication of the ''House of Busi- 
ness" (the new store of John Wanamaker) in the City of 
Philadelphia, by the President of the United States. Among 
others present were the Governor of the State of Pennsyl- 
vania, the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, Judges of the 
Supreme, Superior and other courts, and the leading mili- 
tary men from the State of Pemisylvania. 

In 1912 the Command visited New York and later New 
Haven, where they participated in the ceremonies of the 
Old Home Week Celebration. 

Another and important event this year was the historical 
pageant in Fairmount Park. The Fencibles were present 
representing the original company of 1813. The uniforms 
worn were made to represent those of that period. 

Immediately after the close of the pageant, the attention 
of the Fencibles was directed toward the celebration of the 
Centennial of the Command, to be held the fourth week of 
May, 1913. 

•For details of this trip see "The State Fencibles and Its Visit to Atlanta and Other Southern 
Cities. Lanard, 1911." 



CHAPTER II. 

Centennial Anniversary. 

organization of committees — invitations — newspaper ac- 
counts program of entertainment orders for parade 

the arrival of visitors meeting at state house — ad- 
dress of hon. norris s. barratt visit to navy yard din- 
ner at washington park the military pageant ban- 
quet vaudeville entertainment auto tour depar- 
TURE OF VISITORS — HARTFORD DAILY COURANt's COMMENT. 

The question of the celebration of the One Hundredtli 
Anniversary of the State Fencibles necessarily occupied 
the attention of the Board of Officers for several years. An 
event of this magnitude required careful planning and much 
thought. Therefore, the matter was submitted to an ad- 
visory board to recommend such plans and suggest such 
arrangements as would be in keeping with the event. 

The Board of Officers appointed Major Thurber T. 
Brazer, Captain and Adjutant Thomas S. Lanard, Captain 
and Commissary A. H. Burton, Captain and Surgeon Frank 
N. Greene of the Active Command and ]\Iajor Emanuel 
Furth and Captain Shaffer of the Old Guard as the com- 
mittee. 

The first public announcement of the celebration came on 
March 13, 1913, when the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia 
called together a citizens' committee to assist in the arrange- 
ments for this celebration. 

The following is a copy of the notice sent to the members 
of that committee by the Mayor : 

At the request of the Infantry Battalion and Old G'-nrd State 
Fencibles, I have the honor to name you as a memV)er of the Citizens' 
Committee of arrangement and reception incident to the celebration 
of the Centennial Anniversary of the State Fencibles on May 21st, 
22d, 23d and 24th next. 

15 



IQ CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY 1913 

It is anticipated that this occasion will be an interesting and his- 
torical incident of our municipal life, entertaining alike to our citizens 
and the many visitors likely to be here at that time. 

A meeting of the Committee will be held at the office of the Mayor 
on Wednesday, the 12th day of March, 3:30 o'clock P. M., and you are 
earnestly requested to be present. 

Rudolph Blankenburg, 
Mayor. 

At the meeting on March 12th the IIoii. Rudolph Blanken- 
burg was elected Honorary Chairman; Hon. George D. 
Porter, Chairman; Fred T. Chandler, Treasurer, and Wil- 
liam F. Gleason, Esq., Secretary. 

The official invitation was at once issued to all the leading 
ancient military commands in the thirteen original States. 
The following is a copy of the invitation : 

The Infantry Battalion State Fencibles 

The Old Guard 

and 

The Citizens' Committee of the City of Philadelphia Request 

the honor of the presence of 



To participate in celebrating the 

Centennial of the State Fencibles 

May twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third and twenty-fourth, 

nineteen hundred and thirteen at Philadelphia, Penna. 

Thurber T. Brazer, 

Commanding, Infantry Battalioji State Fencibles. 
Emanuel Furth, 
Commanding, Old Guard. 
Rudolph Blankenburg, 

Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, 
Honorary Chairman. 
William F. Gleason, 

Secretary of Committee. 
George D. Porter, 

Chairman of Citizens' Committee. 

The Citizens' Committee then considered it advisable to 
finance the celebration by popular subscription a; id caused 
the following notice to be sent to many of Philadelphia's 
business men and prominent citizens : 

The Citizens' Committee of Arrangement and Reception for the 
celebration of the Centennial Anniversary of the Infantry Corps State 



1913 APPEAL FOR SUBSCRIPTIONS— COMMITTEES IJ 

Fencibles invito the co-operation of the citizens of Philadelphia in 
bringing the affair to a successful issue and conducting it in a manner 
commensurate with the dignity and proverbial hospitality of this 
City. 

The celebration will be held during a period of four days, May 21st, 
22d, 23d and 21th next, and will bring to the City, as its guests, many 
of the most prominent military organizations in the United States. 

The grand military parade and the various ceremonies connected 
with the celebration, illustrative of the "Citizen Soldier" from the 
earliest Colonial period to the present day, will attract thousands of 
visitors and act as an inspiration to i)atriotisni and civic pride. 

We are assured that the incidental expense will be borne by the 
voluntary contriljutions of public-spirited citizcny. We respectfully 
suggest that you fill out the enclosed subscription blank, sending same 
to the Treasurer of the Committee at your earliest convenience, and 
thus aid the Committee in its patriotic undertaking. 
Very truly yours, 

George D. Porter, 

Chairman. 
William F. Qleason, 

Secretary. 
Fred T. Chandler, 

Treasurer. 
Rudolph Blankenburg, 
Honorary Chairman. 

During the month of March a meetinp: was held at the 
Armory of the active members and the Old Guard, and the 
plan for celebrating the Centennial was made known. During 
the evening, speeches were made by Hon. James E. Cattel, 
William F. Gleason, Esq. ; Major Emanuel Furth and Cap- 
tain Thomas S. Lanard. A similar meeting was held in 
April at which George W. Carr, Esq., addressed the Com- 
mand on the subject of the ''Citizen Soldier." 

The first newspaper notice of any importance regarding 
the celebration was the Philadelphia Press of March 17th : 

The Ancient and Honorable Artillery, Governors' Guards, Richmond 
Blues and other liistoric military organizations of all the thirteen orig- 
inal states are to be invited to participate in the Centennial celebra- 
tion of the Infantry Battalion of the State Fencibles, May 21, 22, 23 
and 24, according to plan adopted at a meeting held yesterday in the 
Mayor's office. 

The historic military guests are to parade with all the trappings of 
shining brass and waving plumes, which distinguish their uniforms 
from the ordinary, and the Old Guard of the Fencibles is to don uni- 



18 CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY 1913 

forms, which will represent the evolution from the days of the "War 
of 1812 and the War with Mexico, and there are to be bands, cele- 
brated throughout the land, and a half -week of military tactics and 
revelry and sociability. 

The Citizens ' Committee, in charge, at its meeting yesterday adopted 
a tentative program providing for a reception on May 21st, a boat ride, 
shad dinner on the 22d, a parade and a banquet on the 23d and exer- 
cises at Independence Hall and a sightseeing trip on the 24th. 

On April 5tli Captain and Adjutant Thomas S. Lanard 
was ordered to proceed to Atlanta, Charlotte, Danville, 
Richmond and Norfolk to assist the various commands in 
perfecting their arrangements to visit Philadelphia in May ; 
accordingly, on said day, he left the City and returned on 
April 14th, having received much encouragement from the 
Gate City Guard of Atlanta, Ga., who were the guests of 
the Fencibles in 1879 and who entertained the Fencibles 
in Atlanta in 1911; also from the Richmond Blues and 
Howitzers, and many other commands which contemplated 
visiting the city during the celebration. 

The Record of April 20th, 1913, said: 

The Centennial Anniversary of the Infantry Battalion State Fen- 
cibles in this City on May 21st, 22d, 23d and 24th promises to be the 
most interesting local event of recent years. With the exception of the 
First City Troop, the Fencibles is the only local command that has pre- 
served its individuality for a century, and in the celebration of that 
fact the most famous organizations of the country will participate. 
The Old Guard of the Fencibles, under Commander Furth, will wear 
the original uniforms of 1813, and the Battalion under Major Brazer 
will wear the famous red uniform and bearskin shako. 

Invitations were sent to the following commands of the 
Centennial Legion formed in 1876, in v/hich the Fencibles 
was the Pennsylvania representative : Fayetteville Light 
Infantry, N. C, 1793; Boston Light Infantry, Mass., 1790; 
Washington Light Infantry, S. C, 1807; New Haven Grays, 
Conn., 1816; Providence Light Infantry, R. I.. 1818; Old 
Guard, N. Y., 1826; Norfolk Light Infantry, Va., 1828; 
Clinch Rifles, Ga., 1852; Amosl^eag Veterans, N. H., 1854; 
Fifth Maryland Infantry, 1856 ; Phil Kearney Guards, N. J., 
1868; American Rifles, Del., 1875. 



^^13 VISITING COMMANDS— PROGRAMME jg 

Favorable responses were received from many of the 
above and most of them expected to participate. In addi- 
tion to the Legion, there were invited and expected to attend 
the famous Ancient and Honorable Artillery of Boston, 
which in June of 1914 celebrated its Two Hundred and 
Seventy-fifth Anniversary; the Second Company Gover- 
nor's P^ot Guard of Hartford, organized in 1771, and whose 
first captain was Benedict Arnold, with whom thev stormed 
the Heights of Abraham at Quebec; the Putnam Phalanx of 
Hartford, in Continental uniform; the Richmond Howitzers 
and Richmond Blues; the famous Gate City Guard of 
Atlanta, the National Lancers of Boston, the Boston Tigers, 
the Detroit Light Infantry, Albany Burgess Corps of 
Albany and many others, including two commands of the 
New Jersey National Guards, and a battalion from the 
famous Seventh Regiment of New York. 

The appeal for funds to entertain the visiting conmiands 
having met with hearty response, from patriotic citizens 
anxious to maintain Philadelphia's reputation for hospital- 
ity, the Advisory Board then announced the followijig pro- 
gram for the celebration of the Centennial : 

May 21st, 8:30 P. M.— Reception uud dance at the Armory. 
May 22d, 2:00 P. M.— Exercises at State House. 

4:30 P. M.— Boat ride down the Delaware River. 
5:00 P. M.— Visit to League Island. 
6:00 P. M.— Shad dinner at W'ashington Park. 
8:00 P. M. — Entertainment at the park. 
11:00 P. M.— Return to Philadelphia. 
May 23d, 2:00 P. M.-Paradc on Broad Street. Starting Girard 
Avenue and proceeding south to Washington 
Avenue. 
6:00 P. M.— Banquet of all the visiting commands at 

Bellevue-Stratford. 
8:00 P. M.— Entertainment. 
May 24th, 9:30 A. M.-Automobile sightseeing tour of City for aU 
visiting commands. 
12:00 Noon — Luncheon at Armory. 
2:00 P. M.— Departure of visiting commands. 



20 CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY 1913 

On May 17, 1913, Councils of the City of Philadelphia 
passed the following resolutions in relation to the celebra- 
tion of the Centennial Anniversary of the State Fencibles : 

Whereas, The Centennial Anniversary of the State Fencibles of 
Philadelphia will be observed by elaborate ceremonies extending from 
May 21st to May 24tli, inclusive, in which ceremonies representatives 
of the Citizen Soldiery of the thirteen original States will participate; 

And Whereas, One of the features of the celebration will be a 
patriotic meeting in Independence Square, which will be of national 
as well as civic significance. 

Besolved, By the Select and Common Councils of the City of Phila- 
delphia, That permission be hereby granted for the use of Indepen- 
dence Square on Thursday, May 22d, for a patriotic meeting to be 
conducted under the direction of the Citizens' Committee of the Cen- 
tennial Anniversary of the State Fencibles of Philadelphia. 

Besolved, That the officials and citizens of the City of Philadelphia 
be requested to decorate the buildings along the line of the parades 
with the National and City colors and to co-operate in the exercises 
that will be conducted during the coming week. 

Besolved, That all employers of members of the National Guard of 
Pennsylvania and of members of the State Fencibles be requested to 
relieve such employees from duty on Friday afternoon. May 23d. 

''Penn" in the Evening Bulletin of May 16, 1913, said, 
inter alia, of the One Hundredth Anniversary of the Fen- 
cibles : 

There was a long time when it was common in Philadelphia for the 
members of the militia to be organized into a regiment, a corps or a 
battalion or something like a separate or independent footing as dis- 
tinguished from other militia bodies. It would have its own flag or 
insignia, its own uniform and its own distinctive name. Often the 
name produced a peculiarly symbolic effect in the sense of loyalty 
among the members of the body; in numerous bodies it was something 
akin to an inspiration, and it served to give the men who marched 
under it a distinction or identity in the public eye. ***** But 
today there are only two bodies left that are active and retain this 
sort of parlance in their official designation, the City TroofH and the 
State Fencibles. 

Next week the State Fencibles will commemorate in a variety of old- 
fashioned ceremonies and exercises the Centenary of their existence. 
Only the First and Second Troops antedate them in their origin, and 
in point of the continuity of their existence, they are far older than 
any other military body now in existence in Philadelphia. They have 



1913 NEWSPAPER COMMENT 21 

undergone much of the sort of a change which has marked, in some 
degree, the spirit of the service of every organization under the influ- 
ence of the latter-day conceptions of the National Guard and its re- 
quirements. But they preserve so far as they can their old traditions; 
they are very proud of their name, and while the active part of the 
organization is now made up chiefly of young men, the veterans have 
an "Old Guard" which is faithful to the memories of its for- 
bears. ***** 

We have more than once had occasion to speak of the Fencibles 
and what they have been in the City's history. They are one of the 
very few infantry bodies in the United States that have some relation, 
collectively or individually, to all four of the chief American wars of 
the nineteenth century. In the affairs of Philadelphia they did much 
to exemplify the spirit of a democratic militia, in which men touched 
arms with another on the common ground of respect for their man- 
hood, their military instinct and their fellowship as defenders of their 
community, whether they might be conspicuous or ordinary as citi- 
zens. One of the most notable of them in the entire career of the 
organization was Colonel James Page. For much more than a genera- 
tion he was their Captain ; they were often called ' ' Page 's Fencibles, ' ' 
and it was through him more than any other one man that they 
gained their peculiar place in the goodwill of the public. There were 
other battalions or corps that also took the name of Fencibles, but 
they were short-lived, falling far below the standard which the Com- 
mander of the Fencibles held before them not so much as if they were 
to be compared with regulars, but largely as loyal Philadelphians ever 
ready to defend the City and the State, and yet not insensible to those 
delights of comradeship which made the old Militia much more of a 
popular social force in the community at largo than it now is. * « * * 
A later Commander was also well-known, although in a different 
way, to Philadelphia, Major John W. Ryan. In the 70 's and 80 's 
he brought the Fencibles to a high degree of proficiency. Everybody 
knew him in public places and in the Post Office when it was on 
Chestnut Street below Fifth, the capacious news and periodical stand 
which he kept within the lobby of the building seemed to make him 
almost as important as the Postmaster himself. But he was also a 
patient, hardy drillmaster and disciplinarian, his powerful voice, 
when he warmed up, could easily be heard a square away, and his 
massive dark mustache were formidable as military adornments. I 
have often seen him with the Fencibles on pleasant evenings in In- 
dependence Square when the Square still had the graveled walks 
and grass plots, and when Commissioner Dixey and Councils per- 
mitted him to use it as a drill ground, the trees giving the Com- 
mander and his men a fine chance for operations in deploying and 
skirmishing. But there was no military sight at that time, and for a 
number of years afterward, which was more thrilling and spectacular 
in its pomp and circumstance, than the Major at the head of the 



22 CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY 3913 

Corps coming down Chestnut Street, all of them blazing in scarlet, 
the big shakos capping them with warrior-like grandeur, the flags a 
flying and Ben McClurg's Silver Liberty Cornet Band ringing out 
sonorous with the superb crashing of its martial music. 

May the Old Guard and their comrades swing along Broad Street 
next week amidst not less of the spirit-stirring cheer of their fellow 
citizens. 



The Committee on arrangements having selected as Grand 
Marshal General James B. Coryell, who was during the 
Spanish- American War in command of the Sixth Pennsyl- 
vania Regiment Volunteers, to which the Fencibles were 
attached, he issued the order for parade. 



Philadelphia, May 21, 1913. 
Orders No. 1, 

Having been appointed Grand Marshal of the military parade in 
commemoration of the Centennial of the State Fencibles, Friday, May 
23d, 1913, I hereby assume command and the following appointments 
are announced: 

Chief of Staff, Major Louis L. Tafel; Staff, Colonel Harry C. 
Trexler, Colonel C. T. O'Neill, Colonel Howard S. Williams, Colonel 
Walter T. Bradley, Colonel Warner Hutchins, Colonel Lewis E. Beitler, 
Colonel Benjamin Wolf, Colonel Fred Taylor Pusey, Colonel J. B. 
Hutchinson, Major E. Claude Goddard, Major William J. Schenfelter, 
Major Robert M. Brookfiold, Major Jolm T. Duffey, Captain Lewis H. 
Schmidt. 

FORMATION. 

2. The Staff will report, mounted, to the Chief of Staff at the Second 
Regiment Armory, at 2 o 'clock P. M., on the day of the parade in full- 
dress imiform, white gloves. 

The Commands participating in the parade will form as follows: 

Chief Marshal. 

Battalion of Marines, U. S. N. 

Band. 

Provisional War Strength Regiment, N. G. P. 

Division 2. 

Assistant Marshal. 

Staff. 

Band. 

Infantry Battalion State Fenci})les. 

Band. 

Old Guard State Fencibles. 



1913 ORDERS FOR PARADE 23 

Anfiont and II()m)r:ilil(' Artillery C<inipany of Massachusetts. 

Band. 

Now Haven Grays. 

Old Guard ctf Gate City Guard of Atlanta, Georgia. 

Band. 

Old Guard Second Regiment, N. G. P. 

Band. 

Putnam Phalanx of ITartford. 

Band. 

Morris Guards of Atlantic City. 

Band. 

The Infantry Corps of National Guards. 

Line of March. 

;>. The parade will move promptly at 3 o'clock P. M. south on Broad 
Street fiom Columbia Avenue to Federal Street. 

Review. 

4. The review will take place directly opposite the State Fencibles' 
Armory, Broad Street below Race Street. 

5. The Grand Marsluil will dismiss the parade at Broad and Federal 
Streets. 

Formation of Line. 

G. The various Commands participating in the above parade will 
report promptly at 2:30 P. M. as follows: 

Battalion of Marines, U. S. N., on west side of Broad Street, with 
right resting on Diamond Street. 

The Provisional Regiment, N. G. P., on west side of Broad Street, 
with right resting on Diamond Street. 

Infantry Battalion State Fencibles, Old Guard State Fencibles, 
Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, New Haven Grays, on 
Berks Street, with right resting on east side of Broad in order as 
above. 

Gate City Guard, Old Guard Second Regiment, Putnam Phalanx, 
Alorris Guards and Infantry Corps National Guards on Montgomery 
Avenue, with right resting on east side of Broad in order as above. 

All representatives of Commands not above assigned will report to 
the Major of the Old Guard of the Fencibles at its place of forma- 
tion. 

By command of 

Gen. James B. Coryell, 
Grand Marshal. 
Major Louis L. Tafel, 

Chief of Staff. 



24 CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY 1913 

All arrangements having been completed the Command 
anxiously awaited the date for the opening of the celebra- 
tion. 

The first event was on Wednesday evening, the military 
reception tendered to the citizens of Philadelphia and visit- 
ing commands by the Infantry Battalion and Old Guard 
State Fencibles at the Armory, Broad and Race Streets. 
The committee for this reception was Captain Edward L. 
Lanneau, Captain Edwin John Prittie, Lieutenant Montra- 
ville H. Smith, Jr., Lieutenant Henry L. Woodland and Ser- 
geant-Major Henry T. Porter. 

This affair was a brilliant success. The Armory was 
crowded to its capacity. Many visitors having reached the 
City ahead of their commands were present. 

Thursday morning was devoted to the reception of the 
different commands as they arrived at Broad Street Sta- 
tion, the Battalion, the Old Guard and the band acting as 
escort to their various hotels. 

At 2 :30 P. M. all the visiting Commands assembled at 
the Hotel Walton and thence proceeded up Broad Street 
to Chestnut to Independence Hall. 

Among the Commands to arrive early were the Ancient 
and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston, Mass. ; New 
Haven Grays; the Gate City Guard of Atlanta, Ga. ; Putnam 
Phalanx of Hartford, the Morris Guards of Atlantic City, 
and delegations of the Duquesne Grays of Pittsburg, the 
Varnum Continentals, the Albany Burgess Corps, the Old 
Guard of New York, the Washington Infantry of Pittsburg, 
the Fifth Maryland and the Richmond Blues. 

The exercises and reception in Independence Square were 
held at 3 :30 P. M. 

The day was not very clear and just before the exercises 
began, rain started to fall. The Chairman deemed it ad- 
visable to curtail somewhat the program at this point, so 
after the music by the band and a few introductory remarks 
by Major Thurber T. Brazer, the Honorable Norris S. Bar- 
ratt delivered the principal address, which was in part as 
follows : 



1913 ADDRESS OF HON. NORRIS S. BARRATT 

My Fellow Couiitrymcii : 

Philadelphia on this beautiful sprin«r day, when all nature renews 
lier joy in life, welcomes back to the old home of the Declaration and 
the Constitution the Citizen Soldiers from the thirteen original States, 
which made, through their loyalty and single-hearted devotion, the birth 
of the Declaration and Constitution a possibility, and the Society of 
Colonial Wars, the Pennsylvania Society Sons of the Revolution and 
the Society of the War of 1812, are here to do you honor * * * * * 

Philadelphia, which now welcomes you, stands for two great prin- 
ciples which we now believe must prevail everywhere if the Republic 
founded long ago is to continue and realize the dreams of the founder. 
These principles are: first, that to develop a good citizenship there 
must be encouraged a conservation of home life, because with it the 
home self-control is taught; that self-control must take the place in 
later years of outworn European State control. ***** 

The srcond great principle which is the foundation stone of the 
Republic is that the American must be a producer as well as a con- 
sumer. Grateful for the bounty of God in wonderful crops, and in a 
great dower of mineral resources, this gratitude, in our opinion, is 
best shown when man utilizes every faculty, mental, moral and physical, 
to add new value through his handiwork to the gifts of God. ***** 

Here in Independence Hall, by our dearly loved Liberty Bell, it is 
unnecessary for me to refer to Philadelphia's love of country, or to 
assure you who stand as representatives of that class in each commun- 
ity which hold something dearer than life, men who represent the citi- 
zens and soldiers of the land, it is unnecessary for me to remind you 
of Philadelphia's past welcome to the soldiers of the Republic, or to 
assure you that from every Philadelphia heart there goes out to you 
a welcome, warm, sincere, inexpressively deep, and that in no part 
of the Republic is there held in higher esteem the profession of arms, 
because in no part of the Republic is it more clearly realized that 
preparation of war is proclamation of peace. 

No more appropriate place in the entire country than Independence 
Hall could be found for a gathering of citizen soldiers, and no more 
appropriate time than the celebration of the One Hundredth Anni- 
versary of the State Fencibles that has preserved its identity since the 
stirring days of 1812, during which period we achieved finally the right 
to maintain an independent nationality. The British threatened our 
City in the Spring of 1813. We were practically defenseless, our 
regular troops having been sent to the West, when Commodore Beres- 
ford of the British Navy appeared off the Delaware Capes. The town 
of Lewes, Delaware, was at his mercy, and there was nothing to 
prevent his proceeding to Philadelphia. In this great emergency Cap- 
tain Clement C. Biddle formed the State Fencibles, whose Centennial 
Anniversary we are celebrating today. ***** 



25 



2g CENTENNIAL ANNTVERRARY 1913 

From the French and Indian Wars down to and including the 
Spanish-American War, the chief; in fact, the unfailing- reliance of 
America, has been her citizen soldiers. Concord and Lexington with 
its embattled farmers firing the shot that was heard around the world 
presaged our independence, and in every contest since then it has been 
preserved by the volunteers from the plough, the anvil, the bench, the 
college and the workshop, and so it must ever be, even though the art 
of war decrees that future contests fought on land and sea must 
finally be determined in the air or beneath the seas. The human factor 
nmst ever predominate. Courage and patriotic service must go hand in 
hand with scientific achievement. The right and duty of the State to 
foster the citizen soldier is distinctly recognized by the Federal Consti- 
tution, and as a rule the Militia of the several States exhibit the dis- 
tinctive traits of the localities from whence it hails. Every effort thus 
far has failed to assimilate State volunteer with the enlisted men in 
the regular army. Local pride and patriotism unembellishcd by 
gaudy colors and insignia must take the place of stern discipline and 
the grim colors of a mere fighting machine. Historic associations, 
local pride traditions, must be relied upon to keep up the eftprit de 
corp.<i. It has lately been the fashion to decry the citizen soldier, and 
to declare that he is superservicealile in maintaining the interests of 
the State. The pendulum has swung far in this direction. It is lime 
that an attempt be made to restore the balance. It is the duty of the 
constituted authorities to maintain the supremacy of law and order. 
It is argued by the advocates of peace that it can best be supported 
by a powerful navy. The tendency of the time is to arbitrate all dis- 
putes, which is to be encouraged, and this will be promoted by the 
suggestion that the State is powerful enough to preserve the peace 
during every period of contention. 

The ranks of the citizen soldier are recruited from every walk in 
life, and the men composing it are working men, inspired only by 
patriotic impulses, in serving the State to promote the welfare of all 
people within its limits. 

Surely the history of the Feneibles for the past century, interwoven 
as it is with the very life blood of the City, State and Nation, is 
proof that the citizen soldier may be trusted, is an object lesson to 
the rising generation, and a call for union, in enthusiastic support of 
those who manifest a desire to serve the State, so that if our rights 
and liberties are invaded, they may be vindicated and preserved 
throughout generations, and to the latest time. As stated hj Dr. 
Schuyler : 

"Oh God, we pray through centuries unceasing 

That this dear land may be with freedom bright. 
In justice strong, and ever still increasing 
In peace and health, prosperity and right. ' ' 



1913 VISIT TO LHAGUE ISLAND— DINNER WASHINGTON PARK 27 

At the close of this address the parade was formed and 
the line started moving- toward Arch Street wharf. When 
the parade reached Fifth and Market Streets the rain was 
falling in torrents; the thunder rolled, and the flashes of 
lightning were almost blinding; so hard did it rain that 
every one was forced to leave the street and take shelter 
under the awnings and in the nearby stores.* About 4:30, 
the rain having subsided, the line of march was not resumed, 
but the different Commands found their way to the boat 
landing where the steamers Sylvan Dell and Sylvan Glen 
awaited them. When all were aboard, the ride down the 
river began. 

The boats were very w^ell stocked with refreshments, so 
the unpleasant experience and elements were soon forgotten. 
The first stop was at the Navy Yard, where they were re- 
ceived by the Commandant and a delegation of officers. 
There was an informal reception at the wharf and an in- 
spection of the yard, after which the trip was resumed, 
arriving at Washington Park about 6 P. M. The park was 
beautifully decorated for the occasion. There was a con- 
cert by the State Fencibles' Band. The dinner served was 
as follows: 

Planked Shad 

Roe 

Bermuda Oniuns Cocktail Cucumbers 

New Tomatoes New Radishes 

New Potatoes New Asparagus Green Peas 

Waffles 

Ice Cream Fresh Strawberries 

Fruit Nuts Demi Tasse 

Cigars Cigarettes Wine Beer 

After the dinner the visitors and members of the Active 
Command and Old Guard joined in social entertainment. 
The last boat left the park about midnight. 

Friday, May 23d, ^vas the day of the large parade. Few 
military affairs in recent years have attracted so much 
attention as did this parade. 

•In 1911 the Fencibles on their visit to Atlanta experienced the same kind of weather; also 1912, 
on their visit to New Hayen. 



28 CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY 1913 

Two centuries of the military history of the United States 
were unrolled before thousands of spectators on Broad 
Street in this pageant staged by the Fencibles as the main 
feature of their Centenary exercises. 

Military organizations dating their origin back to the 
stirring times of the French and Indian Wars, the Revolu- 
tion, the War of 1812, the Mexican War and the War of the 
Rebellion, appeared in the varied and brilliant uniforms so 
much in vogue among the citizen soldiery of former periods, 
while the serious atmosphere of modern warfare was 
secured by the presence of marching marines, jackies and a 
complete regiment of the National Guard of Pennsylvania, 
right up to war strength. 

Representatives of the thirteen original States came to 
this City to share in the celebration. Military companies 
ranking in age with the First City Troop and the Fencibles 
gathered together their present-day representatives, donned 
their replicas of the uniforms used by their predecessors 
and traveled hundreds of miles to do honor to Philadelphia's 
Battalion. 

Rarely in the history of parades in Philadelphia has one 
been seen, although comparatively brief, representing so 
much. It is a long step from the modern military organiza- 
tion back to the battalions of the American colonies preced- 
ing the French and Indian wars. A nation was formed out 
of a wilderness, twice repulsing the mother nation in its 
attempt to regain the child it had fostered; a neighboring 
Nation was defeated; there was internal strife resulting in 
four years of horror and bloodshed and in modern days a 
European Nation was stripped of its island possessions. A 
brief review of the marching companies, battalions and regi- 
ments in the parade, covers in an equally brief manner 
those remarkable stages of the country's advance as a mili- 
tary Nation. A synopsis of it follows: 

The Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston, 
275 years continuous existence as a military organization, 
the Governor's Foot Guard, of Hartford, Conn., dating back 
to the Revolution; the Fencibles, organized for service in 
the War of 1812; the New Haven Grays, banded together 



1913 VISITING COMMANDS— ROUTE OF PARADE 29 

three years after the War of 1812, to serve their country in 
any possible emergency ; the Putnam Plialanx, formed about 
the time of the War with Mexico, to memorialize General 
Washington and Israel Putnam and to serve the country in 
impending foreign wars ; the Gate City Guard of Atlanta, 
the charter members of which fought on the Confederate 
side in the great struggle of the 60 's; the Old Guard of the 
Second Regiment, N. G. P., representing the Northern side 
of that memorable conflict ; the Old Guard of Philadelphia, 
another child of the Civil War; the Morris Guards of Atlan- 
tic City; the marines, jackies and the magnificent war 
strength regiment of the National Guard of Pennsylvania. 

Broad Street was lined with spectators from the starting 
point of the parade, Columbia Avenue, to the point of dis- 
missal at Federal Street. Four hours before the scheduled 
time for starting, crowds were gathering in the neighbor- 
hood of the Fencibles' Armory, the reviewing point, and 
when 3 o'clock came it was impossible to squeeze within 
three yards of the curb in that neighborhood. City Hall 
plaza was a mecca for thousands who selected that vantage 
point to witness the evolutions of the troops as they circled 
the building. 

Ropes and lines of police kept the crowd in place, but 
shortly before 3:45 o'clock speeding motorcycle policemen, 
warning back the vehicles going north on Broad Street 
brought additional thousands hurrying to the rear of the 
waiting throng. The police were busy for a few minutes 
restraining the impatient mob, but before the squad of 
mounted police were in sight the crowd was ready for its 
lesson in history. 

It was a day of triumph and glory for the State Fencibles, 
a fitting celebration of their Centennial. Perha^js never in 
its history has Pliiladelphia seen a military pageant that ex- 
celled the inspiring parade that passed down Broad Street 
from Columbia Avenue to Federal Street in sprightliness 
and beauty. The wide variety of colors and styles of the 
uniforms worn by the marchers gave to the procession a 
distinctive touch of pompous royalty. 



30 



CENTENNIAL, ANNIVERSARY 1013 



The Commands appeared at their best when passing the 
Armory. A big grandstand had been erected there for 
reviewing purposes. Director Porter, the chief reviewing 
officer, was conspicuous in a silk hat, sitting in tlie center 
of the other reviewing officers, all of whom were uniformed. 
The critical eyes of Major General C. Bow Dougherty, Divi- 
sion Commander, N. G. P.; Colonel William Sharp, retired; 
Colonel F. M. Vandlin, Chief Quartermaster of the Division ; 
Adjutant General Thomas J. Stewart, N. G. P., and Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel Lucien M. Wiler, retired, passed over each 
company. 

As was expected, the full war strength regiment, accou- 
tered by Brigadier General Price from three regiments of 
the National Guard of Pennsylvania, made the impression 
of the day. More than a thousand strong, the militiamen 
looked as though they were just going to the battlefield. 
Their equipage was almost the same as carried on the firing 
line in modern warfare. 

The brilliant uniforms of the State Fencibles were very 
conspicuous. Their two hundred odd members stood out 
boldly in their flashing scarlet coats and big furry shakos ; 
trousers of dark blue tint and a wide white stripe. On the 
breast of each dangled an abundance of golden spangles 
and cords, and the ankles of the members sported white 
spats. 

As the companies passed the reviewing stand every head 
turned facing the reviewers. The straight lines, the rhyth- 
mical rise and fall of the lines of spats and the proud bear- 
ing of the Fencibles called forth the admiration of every- 
body, and the cheers they received reverberated between 
the buildings with almost deafening intensity. 

Bringing up the rear of the Fencibles were the stately 
ranks of the Old Guard, garbed in the more somber color 
of blue with trimmings of gold. Not to be outdone by their 
foster sons, the members of the Old Guard, many with flow- 
ing beards and silvery locks, spruced up and paraded by the 
reviewing stand like a lot of youngsters. 



1913 NEWSPAPER COMMENT 31 

In speaking of the parade, one of the newspapers said: 

Arrayed in brilliant uiiifurnis and luarchiiig to the martial airs, the 
Stato Fciu'ihlcs aud tho visiting military organizations presented an 
imposing spectacle in the i>aradc given yesterday afternoon as a 
olimax to the Centennial Celebration of the former. * * • * • 

Of paflicular interest in the procession was the appearance of a 
National Guard Kcgiment of full war strength. It was the first time 
since the Spanish- American War that a Regiment, with its full com- 
plement of men and equipment, has been assemVjlcd. The entire Fir.«t 
Brigade, N. G. P., under Brigadier General W. G. Price, was pressed 
into service to recruit the regiment. Each actual regiment of the 
brigade formed one battalion. In its ranks were machine guns, am- 
munition wagons, commissariat wagons, ambulances and all equip- 
ment needed by an active militarj' organization. 

General Price acted as Colonel of the regiment and the First 
Battalion, whicli was composed of tho First Regiment, which was 
under the command of Colonel W. F. Eidell, with the rank of Major. 
The Second Battalion was made up of the Third Regiment, under 
the command of Colonel Caldwell Biddle and the third was com- 
posed of the Second Regiment, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel 
Rose; Colonel Hamilton D. Turner, Commander of the Second Regi- 
ment, was the Lieutenant Colonel. 

The. men of the war regiment, in tlieir brown khaki uniforms, pre- 
sented a contrast to the other military organizations which seemed 
to vie with each other in brilliancy of their dress and equipment. 
They wore the service uniform, carrying blanket rolls, canteens and 
haversacks. The complement of twenty-seven army escort wagons 
were lent by tlie Thirteenth and Third Regiments. The equipment 
of the machine gun company was loaned by the Federal Government 
and manned by the National Guardsmen. 

In the vanguard of the procession came a detachment of sixteen 
mounted policemen led by Acting Lieutenant Buehler. Following these 
came a battalion of marines with their band and three companies of 
sailors. The excellent marching of the trained sea fighters brought 
a rousing cheer from the spectators. The provisional war regiment 
concluded the First Division. 

The Second Division was led I)y the Fcncibles in their parlet uni- 
forms and tall fur shakos. Then came the Fenciblcs' Old Guard in 
their new and brilliant uniforms, which is a replica of the battle garb 
of 1814. It consists of a dark blue swallow tailed coat, light bluo 
trousers with buff stripes, red aud gold belt and baldric. With the 
exception of Major Furth, the Old Guard wore the ancient "Tar-pot" 
hats. 

Another newspaper said: 

There was the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston, 
the oldest military organization in the country, older than the country 



32 CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY 1913 

itself, although the present strength of the organization is seven 
hundred men, there were only thirty-five who came to Philadelphia 
to aid in the celebration. But that slim representation upheld with 
ease the worldwide reputation of their comrades. 

Next to the Fencibles in attraction were the New Haven Grays, 
another body with a creditable history. Founded in 1816, the Grays 
have the reputation of having furnished more commissioned officers 
for the Civil War than any similar oiganizatiou. 

The quaintest appearing organization in line was the Putnam 
Phalanx, of Hartford, Conn. The members looked like so many Con- 
tinental soldiers in their three-cornered hats, buff uniforms and knee 
boots. A girl in the grandstand aptly described them when she 
whispered to her mother : ' ' Oh, Mamma, they look like ' Minute Men, ' 
don't they?" Preceding them was the old Colonial Baud from Sun- 
bury, Pa., the players using instruments dating back in many cases 
before the Revolutionary War. 

Another interesting company was seen in the Old Gate City Guard, 
of Atlanta, Ga. Like the Old Guard of the Fencibles, they marched 
behind flags and banners so old that they had to be kept furled. The 
members, all of them past the age of real activity, showed few signs 
of weariness, and marched along apparently unheedful to the demon- 
strations of admiration they encouraged. The Old Guard of the 
Second Regiment, National Guards of Pennsylvania, also evidenced 
its ability to ''come back." 

The Morris Guards of Atlantic City, wearing uniforms of blue and 
white, and the odd-looking and top-heavy shakos, followed in the wake 
of their own band, and presented a fine appearance. The Philadelphia 
Police Band made its initial appearance in a street parade. It was 
next to the last body in line, another detail of mounted police fol- 
lowing. 

A big banquet and a vaudeville performance in the 
Bellevue-Stratford ended the ceremonies of the day. The 
banquet waa given at 6 o'clock to the visiting organizations 
and the National Guardsmen. The entertainment started 
at 9 o'clock and was made up of headliners of the Keith cir- 
cuit, brought here from New York. The program was ar- 
ranged and carried out under the supervision of Miss 
Frances Rockefeller King, a niece of the "Oil King." 

The last of the celebration came the following day, the 
most part of which was spent in automobile trips around the 
City, giving the visitors a chance to see all the interesting 
sights, historical places and the hundred and one things 
for which the City is noted. 



1913 ORGANIZATIONS PRESENT— PHILA. REMINISCENCE 33 

The following organizations were represented at the Cele- 
bration : 

Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts. 

Putnam Phalanx. 

Gate City Guard of Atlanta. 

Sons of the Revolution. 

Company B, Pennsylvania Engineers. 

Society of the War of 1812. 

Infantry Corps of National Guard of the City of Philadelphia. 

Detachment of United States Navy. 

Detachment of United States Marines. 

Detachment of United States Soldiers. 

Provisional Regimeut, N. G. P., composed of officers and men from 

First, Second, Third and Sixth Regiments. 
Varnum Continentals of East Greenwich, R. I. 
Old Guard of New York. 
Washington Infantry of Pittsburg. 
Morris Guards of Atlantic City. 

Old Guard of the Infantry Corps, Second Regiment, N. G. P. 
Albany Burgess Corps. 
First Company Governor 's Foot Guard. 
Fifth Maryland N. G. 
Duquesne Grays. 
New Haven Grays. 
Richmond Blues. 
Old Guards State Fencibles. 
Infantry Battalion State Fencibles. 

Just prior to the Anniversary some correspondent sent 
the Author the following bit of Philadelphia reminiscence :* 

The State Fencibles will celebrate their Centennial in 1913, and the 
fact recalls some memories of the famous organization. Half a cen- 
tury ago the Fencibles were not housed in a spacious armory such as 
they have today. Instead their quarters were the top floor of a plain 
brick building on Broad Street, just below Race, the first floor of 
which was a flour depot, and the second floor a primary school, of 
which the writer was a pupil. A rope and pulley hoist connecting the 
various floors ran through our dingy class-room, and our lessons were 
not infrequently enlivened by the circus-like scene of a man and a 
barrel of flour being lifted to a floor above. It was an unfit place 
for a school, and equally unfit for an armory, but it served the Fen- 
cibles who saw service as early as 1813, and plenty of service in the 
Mexican War, and later in the Ci\nl War. The organization was 
formed in 1813 by Captain Clement C. Biddle. Colonel James Page 

•The Author submits this reminiscence just as it was received, but cannot vouch for its 
authenticity. 



34 CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY 1913 

■was at the head of the Command for many years, until 1860; and after 
him came Major John W. Ryan. 

Speaking of the early militia recalls the early artillery tests in 
1842-3 which, as I have read, were held on a spacious lot lying west 
of ' ' Harding 's Tavern. ' ' This was a squatty-looking edifice situated 
just below the west approach to the "wire bridge." At the front 
entrance was a large wooden trough, or aquarium, containing goldfish, 
and there were few boys in that section of West Philadelphia, which 
was little built up then, who were not familiar with Harding 's goldfish. 

On February 24, 1914, the following, concerning the Fen- 
cibles' Centennial appeared in the Hartford Daily Courant: 

The year 1913 was the Centennial Anniversary of the State Fencibles 
and our Battalion (the Putnam Phalanx) was invited to visit that City 
and participate with them in the celebration of this anniversary. Our 
Command left here on the morning of May 22, en route to Philadelphia. 

At Philadelphia the Battalion was received by a delegation of the 
Fencibles, the Old Guard and the New Haven Grays and escorted to 
the Hotel Walton, which was headquarters while in that City. The 
short march was particularly interesting to the crowd of spectators 
and when the drum corps of our Battalion rendered martial music 
along the line, it called forth bursts of applause and appreciation. 
Our reception and entertainment had been well planned by the Fen- 
cibles. We were escorted to the old famous Independence Hall and 
entertained by the addresses of welcome to the visiting military. 

These exercises being over, we were escorted to the river and taken 
on board a steamer for a trip down to League Island, whme we were 
received by the Commander. All the courtesies were extended to us 
and we were shown the very interesting things at the Island. Then 
we were taken to Washington Park, where a planked shad dinner was 
served. The relish with which these shad were eaten would almost 
lead one to believe that they had been imported from the Connecticut 
River. Music was furnished during the dinner, the interesting part of 
it being, that every instrument used was over a century old.* 

The following day afforded us some leisure in the morning for 
visiting the interesting points of the City, and in the afternoon the 
Command joined in and participated in the grand parade, which was 
the feature of the celebration. The display made by the many military 
companies along the line of march was marked for its splendor, and 
the Phalanx was the recipient of ovations all along the line of march. 
In the evening a dinner and entertainment was given all tlie visitors, 
which was largely attended and thoroughly enjoyed. 

The following morning a tour of the City was provided, after which 
the Command took leave of the many friends and returned to Hart- 
ford. 

•The band referred to is the old Colonial Band ot Sunbury, Penna. See page 32. 



CHAPTER III. 

Current Events 1913-1914. 

resignation of major brazer — election of captain thomas 

s. lanard as major dinner by major lanard to command 

hike to fort mercer — parade army and navy union 

reception to commandant — anniversary of buckshot war 

reception to major brazer, retired invitations to 

visit second infantry, n. j. visit to new york mexican 

CRISIS, 1914 lOlST ANNIVERSARY OF FENCIBLES VISIT OF 

ANCIENT AND HONORABLE ARTILLERY OF BOSTON PRESENTA- 
TION OF CUP LETTER TO CAPTAIN COADY. 

Immediately after the close of the 100th Anniversary 
celebration May, 1913, Major Thurber T. Brazer tendered 
his resignation as Commanding Officer, to take effect at the 
expiration of his commission, June 14th, 1913. 

Since his first connection with the Command in 1879 Major 
Brazer was always one of the active moving spirits of the 
Fencibles and the tender of his resignation came as a great 
surprise to all the officers of the Command. The Major, 
however, insisted that his health and business prevented 
him from further continuing as the active head, and there- 
fore, refused the tender made by the Board of Officers of a 
fifth commission as Commanding Officer. 

A newspaper speaking of his resignation said : 

After a service of thirty years and upwards, twenty of which in 
command, Major Brazer has laid down the cares of office in relin- 
quishing the Command of the State Fencibles' Battalion. Although 
his Battalion was not a part of the National Guard, yet it maintained 
its autonomy, and through the efforts of the Major was placed upon 
a firm basis. Following the system of the N. G. P. as to electing 
officers for specified terms, the near approach of the expiration of 
the fourth period of five years each caused the officers to again tender 
the Major a term of five years. Having successfully aided in carry- 
ing through the recent big celebration of the Centennial, the Major 

35 



36 CURRENT EVENTS 1913 

finally decided to step aside. His successor, Captain Thomas S. 
Lanard, the Battalion Adjutant for several years, is one capable of 
maintaining the pace set for so many years. The regret which those 
of former years in the service feel at the retirement of Major Brazer 
is tempered with the knowledge that the administration has fallen into 
good hands. 

The high esteem in which Major Brazer was held by the 
members of the Command may be gathered from the fol- 
lowing letter: 

Major Thurber T. Brazer, Betired. 

It is my pleasure to inform you that on July 10th, 1913, the Board 
of Officers unanimously voted to elect you an Honorary Member of the 
Infantry Battalion State Fencibles, and also to present to you all 
uniforms and equipment, including side arms worn by you while its 
Commander. 

It is our sincere hope that you will always maintain an interest 
in your old Command; I have the honor to extend to you on behalf 
of the Commandant,, the officers and the men of the Battalion, our 
respect and esteem, I am 

Very respectfully, 

MONTRAVILLE SMITH, Jr., 

Adjutant. 

On June 23d, 1913, the Board of Officers convened and 
elected Thomas S. Lanard as Commanding Officer with the 
rank of Major. 

One of the newspapers in speaking of the election said; 

It is with a feeling of the greatest pleasure and satisfaction that 
we join with a wide circle of warm personal friends and acquaintances 
in extending hearty congratulations to Thomas S. Lanard, for seven 
years past Captain and Adjutant of the State Fencibles, upon his 
recent elevation to the higher and more important rank and position 
of Major, the advancement having been made a few days ago as suc- 
cessor to Thurber T. Brazer, who had commanded the organization for 
the past twenty years.* » « » * 

Major Lanard is a member of the Philadelphia Bar, and has been 
connected with the State Fencibles since June, 1905, when he enlisted 
as a private in Company B, and was later commissioned first lieutenant. 
A few years later he was commissioned captain and adjutant, 
which positions he has since filled up to his recent promotion 
to be major. Of pronounced military capacity and zealous and 
untiring in all his efforts and activities, Major Lanard has materially 



1913 DINNER BY MAJOR LANARD 37 

assisted in preserving for the State Fencibles their past high roconi 
for cttieiency of service, and he brings to his new Command and in- 
creased rank every purpose and quulilLcation that the exacting require- 
ments demand from the busy man of affairs when he assumes the 
patriotic roll of the citizen soldier. 

The first event of importance after the election of the 
new Commanding Officer was a dinner given by him, the in- 
vitation to which was as follows : 

Major Thomas S. Lanard 

Requests your presence at a Dinner 
Given by him to the Officers and Members of the 

Infantry Battalion State Fencibles 

At the Armory, Broad and Race Sts., Philadelphia, 

Monday evening, July 14, at 7 o'clock. 

A newspaper speaking of this event, said: 

Officers and men and members of the State Fencibles and Old Guard 
were last night the guests of the new Commanding Officer of that In- 
fantry Battalion, Major Thomas S. Lanard. The function took place 
in the spacious drill room of the Fencibles' Armory, on Broad below 
Race Street. 

Two hundred men were present, all in military uniform. Majors W. 
Wesley Chew, William A. Witherup and Thurber T. Brazer, who are 
the surviving past commanders of the Battalion, were among the 
guests of honor. 

Captain and Surgeon Frank N. Greene was the toastmaster. Major 
Lanard, who was elected recently to succeed Major Brazer on the lat- 
ter 's retirement, made the principal address. Other toasts were 
responded to by Major Emanuel Furth for the Old Guard, Captain 
Edward E. Packer for the Staff, Captain John D. Garcia for the line 
officers, Sergeant Major Harry S. Porter for the non-commissioned 
officers and a representative from each of the four companies on behalf 
of the men in the rank and file. 

On July 1st James D. Patterson resigned as Lieutenant, 
Company D. On July 9th Henry L. Woodland tendered his 
resignation as Second Lieutenant, Company C. On July 
17th Robert R. McAtee was elected Second Lieutenant, 
Company C. On July 28th John Lutz was elected Second 
Lieutenant, Company D. On July 31st Edwin J. Prittie 
was elected Captain, Company C, 



38 CURRENT EVENTS 1913 

The first military event of importance under the new 
Commander was to be a hike into New Jersey. 

The announcement of this event was as follows : 

The State Fencibles will start on a " hike ' ' August 29th. The men 
will leave the Armory on Broad Street and march down Market Street 
to the ferry; from Camden they will march to Gloucester and camp 
there over night. 

The following day they expect to reach Red Bank, below Fort 
Mercer, where they will be reviewed by Director Porter. After the 
review, field exercises will be held. These will consist of outposting, 
skirmishing, guard mount and evening parade. About 175 men are 
expected to go on the hike. Major Thomas S. Lanard will be in com- 
mand. The four companies which compose the Battalion are under 
Captains John D. Garcia,* George B. Davis, Edwin J. Brittle and 
Joseph L. Dunn. 

Arrangements having been completed for a four-day hike, 
on August 14th, the Command was assembled for Battalion 
drill and inspection, preliminary to the outing. The Com- 
mand was well represented on this occasion. 

This hike having for its destination National Park, New 
Jersey, it became necessary to secure permission to enter 
the State of New Jersey under arms. 

State of New Jersey, 
OflSce of the Adjutant General. 
Trenton, August 11, 1913. 

Special Orders No. 76. 

Permission is hereby granted the Infantry Battalion State Fencibles 
of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to enter this State, under arms, on 
August 29 to 31, inclusive, and September 1, 1913, for the purpose of 
taking practice marches. 

By order of the Acting Governor, 

W. F. Sadler, Jr., 

The Adjutant General. 



•Tbe commanding officer being Ul. this hike was made under the command of Captain Qarcla. 



1913 ARMY AND NAVY UNION BANQUET 39 

One of the important army and naval affairs of recent 
years held in Philadelphia was the parade and banquet of 
the Army and Navy Union lield on September 10th, 1913. 
The invitation in connection with the affair was as follows : 

Major Thomas S. Lanard, 

Commanding State Fencibles, 
My Dear Major: 

I have the honor and the pleasure to invite you and the Staff, and the 
companies of the Infantry Battalion State Fencibles to participate in 
our great military parade and demonstration of the 16th National 
Encampment of the Army and Navy Union, U. S. A., on Wednesday, 
September 10th, 1913, at 3 P. M. sharp. 

The parade will consist of four divisions. 

The first division will compose the Brigade of Marines and Blue- 
jackets from the League Island Navy Yard. 

The second division will compose the National Guard of Pennsyl- 
vania, the Naval Reserves and the Infantry Battalion State Fencibles. 

The third division will compose Veterans of the Grand Army of the 
Republic, Foreign Service, Spanish-American War, General Service 
Corps of Regular Army, Naval Veterans and Sons of Veterans Re- 
serves. 

The fourth division will compose the Wanamaker Cadets, Girard 
College Cadets, the Boy Scouts and Boys' Brigade. 

The route of the parade will be from Broad and Susquehanna Ave- 
nue to Wharton Street. 

Trusting you will favor us with an early reply, I remain as ever 

Sincerely and fraternally, 

Captain Harry Edwards, 

Chairman Parade Committee , 
Army and Navy Union, U. S. A. 

On October 8, 1913, an invitation was received from the 
Boston Light Infantry Veteran Corps to attend the One 
Hundred and Seventeenth Anniversary Celebration of that 
Company at the American House on Monday evening, Octo- 
ber 18th. Reception was called at 6:30 o'clock, dinner 
served 7 o'clock. Several members of the Fencibles were 
present. 

The first public reception to the new Commandant, Major 
Thomas S. Lanard, was tendered by the officers and mem- 
bers on November 26th, 1913. The invitation being a.s fol- 
lows: 



40 CURRENT EVENTS 1913 

1813 1913 

INFANTRY BATTALION STATE FENCIBLES 

Requests the Honor of Your Presence 

At Its 

MILITARY RECEPTION 

To 

Major Thomas S. Lanard 

Wednesday Evening, November 26, 1913 

At The 

Armory, Broad and Race Streets 

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 

Military and Naval Guests Exhibition Drill by 

Will Please Attend United States Marine Corps 

In Uniform Dancing. 

The military ball and reception to the Commanding 
Officer was held in the Armory, Broad and Race Streets, 
Wednesday evening, November 26. Many prominent mili- 
tary men were present. An exhibition drill by United States 
Marines w^as one of the principal features. 

Following the reception a military march was formed, 
in which all military and naval guests participated. The 
remainder of the evening was devoted to dancing. 

The Armory was decorated with national and city colo-rs, 
palms and other potted plants. Music was rendered by an 
orchestra selected from the Fencibles' Band. The Honor- 
ary Committee was Major W. Wes. Chew, Major WiUiam A. 
Witherup, Major Thurber T. Brazer, Captain John D. 
Garcia, Captain Joseph L. Dunn, Captain Edwin J. Prittie, 
Captain George S. Davis, Captain Frank N. Greene, Cap- 
tain Edward E. Packer, Captain A. H. Burton and Captain 
Henry T. Porter. 

On November 8 H. Stanley Ellis resigned his commission 
as Captain Company B. On November 12 Henry T. Porter 
was elected Captain Company B. On December 4 an elec- 
tion was held for First Lieutenant of Company C, Sergeant 
Herbert A. Lister was elected. 

On December 17, 1913, the Command assembled to cele- 
brate the Seventy-fifth Anniversary of the Buckshot War 
and paraded down Broad to South Penn Square, to Market, 
to Fifth and countermarched to the Armory. 



1913 BUCKSHOT WAR— RECEPTION TO MAJOR BRAZER 4^ 

Upon the return, tlie four companies lield a comi)etitive 
drill for the Commandant's Cup, recently presented by 
Major Lanard. 

The Buckshot War is little known to the present genera- 
tion. A general election in October, 1838, the Democrats 
and Whigs contested the ticket for the Legislature. There 
developed such strong feeling that a civil war was threat- 
ened, and in this emergency the Governor proclaimed a 
rebellion and made a requisition for troops. In issuing his 
order, the Governor directed tliat the volunteers should 
load their guns with buckshot. From this the term "Buck- 
shot War" arose. 

On December 19, 1913, to honor Major Brazer, the retired 
Commander of State Fencibles, a reception and banquet 
was held at the Armory. 

The Eventing Telegraph in speaking of this, said: 

Major Thurber T. Brarer, retired, of the Infantry Battalion State 
Fencibles, was the guest of honor at a testimonial banquet in the 
Armory, Broad and Race Streets, given by the Board of Officers of the 
Battalion. The affair surpassed any event of this nature held by the 
Fencibles in recent years, and brought together many of Major 
Brazer 's ci\'il and military friends. 

Major Brazer is one of the best known Fencibles in the City, his 
connection with the Command dating from 1879, and as its Command- 
ing Officer from 1893. Many of the principal events in the history of 
the State Fencibles were enacted during his regime. He was in com- 
mand of the Fencibles during the Spanish American War and also 
when the Battalion visited Atlanta and other Southern cities. 

In 1912 Major Brazer, with the Command, visited New Haven and 
New York, and in June of this year the State Fencibles celebrated 
the One Hundredth Anniversary with an assemblage of ancient mili- 
tary commands of the country. 

At the opening of the dinner Captain Greene presented 
to Major Lanard, the new Fencible Commander, a beautiful 
sword engraved as follows : 

Presented to Major Thomas S. Lanard 

December 19, 1913, by the 

Officers of the Infantry Battalion State Fencibles 

for faithful services rendered. 



42 CURRENT EVENTS 1913 

At the conclusion of the dinner an engrossed set of reso- 
lutions were presented to Major Brazer, which read as fol- 
lows : 

At a meeting of the Board of Officers of the Infantry Battalion 
State Fencibles held at the Armory, Broad and Race Streets, Philadel- 
phia, on the evening of October 8th, 1913, the following resolutions 
were adopted: 

Whereas, Thurber T. Brazer enlisted in Company D, June 26th, 
1879, and was appointed Corporal March 11th, 1882; Sergeant, July 
27th, 1882; elected and commissioned Second Lieutenant August 2nd, 
1883; First Lieutenant, September 16th, 1885; Captain, June 7th, 
1886; Major, June 14th, 1893; re-elected and commissioned June 14th, 
1898; June 14th, 1903; June 14th, 1908, and 

Whereas, at the expiration of his commission, June 14th, 1913, 
he declined the re-election for a further term of five years, and 

Whereas, thirty-four years of his life have been devoted to the 
progress and advancement of the Battalion, and 

W^HEREAS, during his connection with the Battalion many of the 
principal events in its history have been enacted, and 

Whereas, under his command the Battalion m.arched to the Spanish- 
American War in 1898; made its visit to Atlanta, Georgia, and other 
Southern Cities, 1911; visited New Haven, Conn., 1912, and cele- 
brated its One Hundredth Anniversary at Philadelphia 1913. 

Therefore be it Resolved, That we extend to him our sincere 
thanks for his long and faithful service, his devotion to duty, his 
loyalty to the organization, and his efforts in the upbuilding of the 
Battalion, and that we regret the voluntary severance of his connec- 
tion with it as Commandant. 

Be it further Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be publicly 
presented to Major Thurber T. Brazer, and also a copy spread upon 
the minutes of this meeting. 

Thomas S. Lanard, 
Major Commanding. 

John D. Garcia, Edwin John Prittie, 

Captain Co. A. Captain Co. C. 

Joseph L. Dunn, Edward L. Lanneau, 

Captain Co. D. Captain and Quartermaster. 

Alfred H. Burton, Frank N. Greene, 

Captain and Commissary. Captain and Surgeon. 

George S. Davis, M, H. Smith, Jr., 

Captain and Engineer. First Lieut, and Adjutant. 

Edward E. Packer, Edgar Engle, 

Captain (Betired), First Lieutenant Co. C. 



11)14 



INVITATIONS TO NEW JERSEY— NEW ORLEANS 



Joseph A. Jumpe, 

First Li&utenant Co. B. 
Paul L. Garcia, 

Second Lieutenant Co. A. 
John Lutz, 

Second TAeutenant Co. D. 

Wm. II. IIlNKEL, 

Quart erinaster Sergeant. 
J. Wilson Glass, 

Hospital Sergeant. 
H. T. Porter, 

Captain Co. B. 



II. A. Lister, 

First Lieutenant Co. C. 
RoBT. R. McAtee, 

Second Lieutenant Co. C. 
J. Gillett Moe, 

Sergeant Major. 
CiiAS. H. Merkle, 

Commissary Sergeant. 
James Q. Burton, 

Color Sergeant. 
Daniel W. Lanard, 

Chief Musician. 



Some time later the following appeared in one of our 
newspapers : 

A dispatch received today from Harrisburg said that Major Thurber 
T. Brazer, formerly of the State Fencibles' Battalion, was today 
retired as Major in the National Guard because of his service in the 
Guard during the Spanish- American War. 

On February 14, 1914, the following letter was received 
from the Adjutant of the Second Infantry, N. G. N. J. 

The Second Infantry, N. Q. N. J., will tender a review to Brigadier 
General Wilbur F. Sadler, the Adjutant General of New Jersey, at 
the Regimental Armory, Trenton, on Monday evening, February 23d, 
and an invitation is hereby extended to the officers of the Infantry 
Battalion State Fencibles to be present on that occasion. 

It is suggested that such officers as may find it convenient to attend 
wear their full dress uniform. This, however, is left, of course, to 
their own pleasure. We will be pleased to have them attend in any 
dress they may see fit to wear. 

An invitation was extended to Major Thomas S. Lanard 
and such officers and members of his Command to attend the 
ball of the Old Guard of the City of New York at Madison 
Square Garden, New York City, Thursdav evening, January 
5, 1914. 

An invitation was received from the Washington Artillery 
of New Orleans to be present at the celebration of its Sev- 
enty-fifth Anniversary on February 22d, 1914. 



On Monday evening, March 30th, the Command assembled 



44 CURRENT l']VKXT.S 1914 

for parade in honor of tlie Thirty-eighth Anniversary of tlie 
appointment of the State Feneibles to represent the State of 
Pennsylvania in the Centennial Legion. 

In the early part of April, 1914, the Mexican political 
affairs reached a crisis and as always in times of tlood, 
famine or war, Philadelphia rose enthusiastically to the 
emergency, eager to do her part. 

Young Pliiladelphians rushed to the recruiting stations. 
Military organizations called the roll and took stock of men 
and arms. Retired military men offered to re-enter th'j 
service. Amateur aviators and aeroplane experts tendered 
their services to the country, and every office and station 
of the army and navy in this city was crowded with citizens 
tingling with war fever. Both from the National Guard and 
Naval MiUtia came word that they were ready for any call. 

The NottJi American on April 21, 1914, in speaking of this, 
said: 

Most expressive of all the demonstratious of the support of the 
national guvernment in the Mexican situation, however, was the tirst 
offer of a full volunteer regiment. 

The tirst offer of voluntary equipment of a full regiment came from 
the Infantry Battalion State Feneibles. 

Major Thomas tS. Lanard, of the State Fencibles, forwarded his 
organization's offer of a full regiment to Congressman J. Washington 
Logue at Washington, and immediately issued orders for the estab- 
lishment of a provisional recruiting station at the State Feneibles' 
Armory, Broad and Race Streets, this morning. 

The State Feneibles, which served with distinction in the War of 
1812, in the Mexican War, in the Civil War and in the Spanish- Ameri- 
can War, are burning with a desire to see active service once more 
and wipe out the humiliation lieaped upon them during the car strike 
of 1910. 

Politicians at that time were responsible for having the State Fen- 
eibles called out and sent to Kensington to prevent rioting, but with 
orders to hurt nobody under penalty of criminal prosecution. Under 
these orders the State Feneibles stood defenseless under attack from 
rioters.* They are anxious to wipe out the score in battle against a 
foreign foe and show themselves worthy of their traditions. 



•This was the first time since the Strike of 1910 that any Philadelphia paper ever attempted 
to explain to the puhlir- or to apologize for the error? of the City administration of ihat period. 
For a complete account of the State Feneibles' activities during the Strike see Rook entitled 
"State Feneibles and Its Visit to Atlanta and Other Southern Cities, 1911," by Lanard, on pags 
61; also Book "One Hundred Years With State Feneibles," by Lanard, 1913, page 389. 



1914 TENDER OF SERVICE FOR MEXICO 45 

Major Lanard's offer of a full regiment was made in a 
letter to Congressman Logue as follows : 

I note fiuni the evening papers that Congress is willing to give the 
President the necessary authority to ujjhold the dignity and the honor 
of our Nation. 

The military organization, wiiich I have the honor to command, the 
Infantry Battalion State Fenvibles, was organized for the second war 
with Great Britain and at a time when the country stood in need of its 
citizen soldiers. We served our country during that war, the Mexican 
War, the Civil and the Spanish- American W^ars, and today stand ready 
to do our small part if our services are required. 

As you well know, we have at the present time a haftalion of four 
companies of approximately 250 men, armed and equipped, and if the 
emergency should arise and the country need some volunteers, I would 
consider it a pleasure and privilege to have an opportunity of in- • 
creasing ray Command to a full regiment of 1000 men. We have made 
arrangements at the Armory for the provisional mustering of addi- 
tional men, and in the event of our tender of service being accepted, 
I feci confident that I could have the regiment under arms at a A'cry 
early date. 

Without waiting for tlie acceptance of their offer of ser- 
vice, the State Fencibles at 8 o'clock tlie next mornin,:; 
opened a provisional recruiting station at their Armory, 
where many volunteers were examined and enlisted provi- 
sionally, pending orders from Washington.* 

The Philadelphia Inquirer said: 

The State Fencibles received a comniuuication from the War De- 
partment yesterday in ansAver to tluir letter volunteering a full regi- 
ment of Infantry. 

The offer was made through Congressman J. Washingtcn Logue and 
the latter referred it to Secretary of War Garrison. Jlajor Lanard 
received a telegram from Secretary Garrison informing him that his 
offer had received consideration and that a letter was on its way to 
Philadelphia. 

On April 27, 19U, Joseph A. Jumpe resigned his com- 
mission as Lieutenant of Company B. On June 11th Cap- 
tain Edward J. Prittic tendered his resignation as Captain 
Company C. On June 12 First Lieutenant and Adjutant 

•There was no call for State troops for this eracrgeacy. 



45 CURRENT EVENTS 1914 

Monte Smith and Second Lieutenant Edward Holland, Com- 
pany C, tendered their resignations. On August 11th Edwin 
Lanneau resigned his commission as Captain and Quarter- 
master. On November 8tli H. A. Lister resigned his com- 
mission as Lieutenant Company C. 

On May 2d the Command assembled at the Armory for 
inspection by the Director of the Department of Public 
Safety. 

On May 23d the Command assembled for parade in honor 
of the 101st Anniversary of the Fencibles. After the parade 
the Command in its fatigue uniform assembled at the Con- 
tinental Hotel, where a banquet was served. 

In the early part of September, 1914, the Commanding 
Officer received a letter from the Commandant of tlie An- 
cient and Honorable Company of Massachusetts, that they 
would visit Philadelphia in October. 

The Armory question* was unsettled and it was a very 
critical time in the history of the Fencibles. The Command- 
ing Officer deemed it advisable to bring the matter to the 
attention of His Honor, the Mayor and also the City Coun- 
cils and the following communication was sent : 

The Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston (300 offi- 
cers and men) will visit the City of Philadelphia on Tuesday, October 
6th and remain until the 8th. While in Philadelphia they will be en- 
tertained by the Infantry Battalion State Fencibles, also at Lu Lu 
Temple. 

The visit of the "Ancients" is to celebrate their 277th Anniver- 
sary, it being their custom to visit a different city each year. Their 
last visit to Philadelphia was in 1892. This is the oldest military or- 
ganization in the United States and in its ranks are found the leading 
business men and citizens of Boston. 

A few years ago they visited England where they were entertained 
by His Majesty, King George, the Fifth, at Buckingham Palace. On 
the occasions of their visits to various cities in the past the executive 
and legislative branches of the city government have in some way 
recognized their presence and extended to them, by resolutions, etc., 
the good wishes of the people. 

Knowing that our city is anxious at all times to live up to its reputa- 
tion for hospitality and brotherly love, and believing that you would 

•See Chapter IV. The fight lasting from March, 1914, to April, 1916. 



1914 VISIT OF ANCIENT AND HONORABLE ARTILLERY 47 

not desire such a distinguished organization to visit this city without 
having the fact brought to your attention, I therefore take tliis oppor- 
tunity of so advising you. 



Tilt' Active Command and the Old Guard proceeded to 
make arrangements for the entertainment of the Ancients 
as follows : 

Tuesday, October 6th: 

1:15 Arrive (Broad Street Station) Philadelphia. On the arrival, 

the Command to be received by the Infantry Battalion State 

Fcnciblcs, the Old Guard State Fencibles, and the Mounted 

Guard of Lu Lu Temple. 
1:30 Line will form for parade. The Command to l>e reviewed on 

the North Plaza of City Hall by His Honor Mayor Blanken- 

burg and members of Councils. 
4:30 Assemble at Hotel Adelphia. 
5:00 Parade and review to be tendered Captain James D. Coady 

and members of the A. & H. A. Co. by the Wanamaker 

Commercial Institute at their Armory, Wanamaker Store. 

Wednesday : 

10:30 A. M. Assemble at Armory State Fencibles, Broad and Race 
Streets, for automobile ride, visiting Fairmount Park and 
other points of interest. 
12:00 Noon. Luncheon, Country Club. 
2:30 P. M. Arrive at Armory. 

4:30 P. M. Assemble at Hotel Adelphia. (All members of the 
Shrine to report to Potentate George Shackford ; all others 
to report to Major Thomas S. Lanard.) 
4:45 P. M. Line will form and march to the State Fencibles' 
Armory, escorted by the Lu Lu Band, where all except 
Shriners will remain. The Shriners will then proceed to 
Lu Lu Temple, Spring Garden below Broad Stffeet. 
5:00 P. M. Dinner at Lu Lu Temple. 
5:00 P. M. Dinner at State Fencibles' Armory. 
7:00 P. M. Smoker and entertainment at State Fencibles' Armory. 
10:30 P. M. Line will form at State Fencibles' Armory and march 

to Lu Lu Temple. 
11:00 P. M. Smoker and entertainment at Lu Lu Temple. 

Thursday : 

10:00 A. M. Visit to points of interest in city. 
2:00 P. M. Escort will meet "Ancients" at hotel for Br -ad Street 
Station. 



48 CURRENT EVENTS 1914 

On Tuesday, October 7th, all arrangements being com- 
pleted for the entertainment of the "Ancients," they ar- 
rived at Broad Street Station and were met by the Fencibles 
and the Old Guard and Mounted Guard of Lu Lu Temple. 

The Philadelphia Record said of the occasion : 

Celebrating their two hundred and seventy-seventh field day, 350 
members of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston, 
arrived in this city yesterday for a three-day stay. They will be the 
guests of the State Fencibles and also the Lu Lu Temple Shriners 
while here and a varied program is planned for their entertainment. 
They are on their way home from Gettysburg, where they celebrated 
the first part of their anniversary. 

Met at Broad Street by the Fencibles and the Lu Lu Temple 
Mounted Guard, all in full dress uniform, they were escorted to the 
North Plaza of City Hall, where an engrossed copy of welcome resolu- 
tions was presented to them by George McCurdy, President of Common 
Council. Afterward, Director Porter, acting in the Mayor 's stead, 
extended the visitors a royal welcome to the city. They were also 
greeted by Major Thomas S. Lanard, Commanding the State Fencibles, 
and Tax Receiver W. Freeland Kendrick, Potentate of Lu Lu Temple. 
The response was made by Captain James D. Coady, Commander of the 
historic artillerymen. 

Following these exercises, they marched to the Hotel Adelphia, where 
they will be quartered during their stay. The Philadelphia Police Band 
furnished the marching music. 

At 5:30 they went to Wanamaker 's Store, where they were treated 
to a review and drill of the Wanamaker Cadet Corps. Last night at 
the Hotel Adelphia there was a reception for the visitors, followed 
by a banquet. Many of the prominent members of Lu Lu Temple and 
the State Fencibles were present. 

This morning more than a hundred automobiles from the Lu Lu 
Automobile Club will meet the visitors at their hotel and take them 
to the Lu Lu Country Club at Edge Hill, Montgomery County. 

In the afternoon the Fencibles and Lu Lu Guard will escort the visi- 
tors to Lu Lu Temple on Spring Garden Street, where half of the com- 
pany will be the guests at dinner of the members of the Shrine, and 
the other half at a dinner given by the State Fencibles in their Armory 
at Broad and Race Streets. A vaudeville entertainment will follow at 
the Temple. 

On Thursday morning the visitors will go to the Philadelphia Navy 
Yard and to the Convict Ship. They leave for home Thursday after- 
noon. - 



1914 CUP PRESENTATION— LETTER TO CAPTAIN COADY 49 

One of the features of the visit of the "Ancients" was the 
dinner at the Armory where they presented to the Com- 
mander of the Fencibh's a beautiful h)ving cup measuring 
over 36 inches in height, with the following inscription: 

Presented to 

Infantry Battalion State Fencibles 

Major Thomas S. Lanard, Commanding 

As a Souvenir of the Visit of the 

Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company 

of Massachusetts 

Under the Command of 

Capt. James D. Coady 

October, 1914. 

On the return of the Ancients to Boston, the following 
letter was sent by the Fencibles : 

Philadelphia, October 23d, 1914. 
Captain James D. Coady, 

Faneuil Hall, 

Boston, Mass. 
My Dear Captain : 

I beg to acknowledge receipt of your kind letter of 15th inst., which 
I had the pleasure of reading at the meeting of the Board of Officers 
last evening. I know that I express the feeling of the entire Board 
when I say that it was a pleasure for us to have the privilege of enter- 
taining the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, and that the 
memory of your visit to Philadelphia will linger long with us. The 
officers made many pleasant acquaintances and look forward with 
pleasant anticipation to an early meeting with your Honorable Com- 
mand. 

On behalf of the Board I desire again to express our thanks for the 
beautiful cup you presented to us. We placed the same in the win- 
dow of the Bailey, Banks & Biddle Company, our loading jewelry firm, 
and it was greatly admired by all who had the privilege of seeing it. 
I also desire to extend our thanks for the four-volume history of your 
Command, which you sent to the Armory on Wednesday, the 7th inst. 
Any time that you may happen to be in our city, I would be pleased 
to have you call at the Armory, where you will always find some one 
who will be glad to see you or any members of your Command. 

Very respectfully, 

Thomas S. Lanard, 
Major. 



CHAPTER IV. 

The Armory Question. 

the first meeting places the first armory the city 

armory rebuilding of armory first rumor to oust 

fencibles letters — action by city stay of proceedings 

court proceedings second attempt to gain possession 

later court proceedings both sides parley election 

of mayor smith interview with mayor fencibles vic- 
torious passage of ordinance celebration at armory 

letter of thanks to mayor smith. 

For a long period after its organization the State Fen- 
cibles had no permanent home or armory. The meetings 
were held in the State House Yard, Mink's Tavern, Chalkley 
Bakers 's, Rowland Smith's and many other notable places 
in the city. Later when the personal property of the Com- 
mand increased in value, it was deemed advisable to lease 
Military Hall, where they remained until 1845, when the 
Command moved to the second floor of a building at Eighth 
and Chestnut Streets, now the site of Green's Hotel. In 
1851 they moved to the fourth floor of the same building, 
where there was more floor space for drill. During the 
Spring of 1859 a change was made to more commodious 
quarters at 505 Chestnut Street. On November 1st, 1871, 
tlie Fencibles moved into new quarters in the City Armory, 
Broad Street below Race. 

Many will no doubt remember the old ramshackle of a 
barn, an old dilapidated structure as it stood on Broad 
Street about 1883. The First Regiment had abandoned it 
and the question was, what should the City do with it? It 
was Major Ryan, of the Fencibles, who stepp; d into the 
breach and said to the City, '^We will take the Armory off 
your hands and will raise enough money to put an armory 

50 




Armory-State Fencibles 
Broad and Race Streets, Philadelphia. 



1884 REBUILDING OF ARMORY 53 

there that will be a matter of glory and pride to the City of 
Philadelphia." 

For some reason never fully or satisfactorily explained, 
the Fencibles, instead of purchasing the ground, entered 
into a lease with the City of Philadelphia for the ground 
for a period of ten years at a nominal rent, and then pro- 
ceeded to erect the present handsome armory thereon, at the 
cost of over $100,000, the entire sum being raised by the 
Fencibles. 

In February the Command moved to the fourth floor of 
1909 Market Street during the rebuilding of the Armory. 

On September 22d, 1884, the new Armory having been 
finished, the Command took formal possession. 

The Battalion had no sooner entered its new quarters, 
when the jealous eyes of many were upon them, and long 
before the expiration of the first lease, certain persons were 
at work to prevent its renewal. However, their influence 
was not sufficiently strong to cause any alarm, and in 1894 
the lease was renewed for ten years. 

During the next ten years, from time to time, rumors were 
afloat that the Armory would be taken and used for various 
purposes, but nothing was done to trouble or annoy the Com- 
mand until 1900, when an attempt was made to have the 
lease transferred to the Sixth Regiment, N. Gr. P. This 
matter was made the subject of a suit in equity, and later 
an appeal to the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, the 
Supreme Court finally deciding that the Sixth Regiment 
had no claim to the Armory.* 

The decision of the Supreme Court for a few years, how- 
ever, had the effect to allay clamor for the removal of the 
Fencibles from the Armory. Perhaps had the Fencibles 
been content to remain inconspicuous and keep out of the 
lime-light of publicity, those bent on the destruction of the 
organization would have remained silent. 

The organization had always been recognized as an im- 
portant factor in military history of the country. No im- 
portant military celebration was held to wliich the Fencibles 
were not invited, and so in 1911, when the Old Guard of 

•For the report of this proceeding see Vol. 205 Penna. Supreme Court Reports, page 180. 



54 THE ARMORY QUESTION 1911 

the Gate City Guard announced that it would unveil a monu- 
ment at Atlanta, Georgia, commemorating the visit of the 
Gate City Guard to the North in 1879,* the Fencibles were 
invited to represent the State of Pennsylvania and the City 
of Philadelphia, At once an article appeared in one of the 
newspapers, which in part, concerning the Armory, was as 
follows : 

Removal of the Police Bureau from City Hall to the building now 
occupied by the State Fencibles as an armory, at Broad and Race 
Streets, is one of the measures of economy and efficiency, receiving 
the serious consideration of some of those connected with affairs at 
City Hall, especially some of the independent councilmen, headed by 
Select Councilman Sheldon Potter, Ex-Director of Public Safety. The 
proposal will be laid before Mayor Blankenburg and Director of Public 
Safety Porter within a day or two, and then before Councils, and is 
likely to be disposed of before the end of 1911, although the change, 
if made, would not take effect for some months at least. 

The reasons given for the proposal are many, but prominent among 
them is the fact that the valuable armory building on Broad Street, 
owned by the City,t is now being given by the City for the use of an 
organization, which has ceased to have any connection at all with the 
municipal government, while other vital departments of the govern- 
ment, such as the courts and city departments, are seriously cramped 
for room. 

In speaking of the matter yesterday. Colonel Potter said: "The 
Armory is admirably adapted for use as the headquarters of the Police 
Bureau. It has a fine drill floor, plenty of office room and completely 
eclipses the present quarters from every standpoint. It seems to me 
an outrageous imposition upon the City to compel it to maintain these 
splendid quarters for a purely social organization, without any connec- 
tion with the municipal government, t when it could so well make use 
of them itself and thus relieve the crowding of the public departments 
at City Hall." 

To this article there appeared a reply in the Evening 
Bulletin, giving an interview a reporter had with Major 
Furth, of the Old Guard, which states, inter alia, as follows : 

He, (speaking of Major Brazer) of the Active Command and his 
men will fight — in the courts — to keep the Armory, Major Furth said, 

•See "State Fencibles and Its Visit to Atlanta and Other Southern Cities, 1911," by Lanard. 
for detailed account of this visit of Gate City Guard to Philadelphia in 1879. 

fThe Armory wns built and paid for by the Fencibles at a cost of over $100,000. See page 9. 

JBy Ordinance of Councils approved January 11, 1904, the State Fencibles Battalion was 
designated the Municipal Guard of the City of Philadelphia. 



1913 FIRST OFFICIAL DEMAND 55 

just as they have had to fip;ht Colonol Potter on the same issue during 
the last ten years, t 

The Major added they had licked Colonel Potter any number of 
times in his efforts to wrench the Armory and the municipal appropria- 
tion away from them, and that they would lick him this time without 
fail. 

Major Furth pointed out that the armory building, which Colonel 
Potter desires the City to use as police headquarters, was built by the 
Fcnciblos themselves at a cost of more than $100,000, raised by sub- 
scription. 

He reviewed at length the fight that Colonel Potter has led against 
the present organization since part of it went over to the State 
Militia. * • • * • 

Colonel Potter is counsel for the Philadelphia Battalion of the Sixth 
Regiment. lie first tried to get the Armory for them. Major Furth 
said, and since he failed he has been fighting to have it go to the 
City, on the ground that the Fenciblcs are of no use and have so proved 
themselves. 

Colonel Potter fought the matter in court, and when ho lost, carried 
it to the Superior Court, Major Furth said. Here he lost again, the 
Fencibles proving a right to the building. 

While there was considerable newspaper talk at that time, 
nothing was done toward taking any active step to gain pos- 
session of the Armory mitil a few years later. 

In the Fall of 1913 the Legislature of Pennsylvania passed 
an act known as the Municipal Court Bill, providing for the 
organization of several new courts in the City of Philadel- 
phia. No sooner was the bill passed than again there was 
a clamor for the Armory. 

The following preliminary correspondence passed be- 
tween the Bureau of City Property of the Department of 
Public Works and the Commandant of the State Fencibles. 

November 29, 1913. 
The Infantry Corps of State Fencibles. 

Gentlemen: — Please take notice that the lease under which you are 
occupying City Armory on Broad Street below Race for a period of ten 
years, as authorized by Ordinance of Councils, will expire by limitation 
on February 28th, 1914, and this is to inform you of the desire of the 
City to retake possession of the premises. You will, therefore, kindly 

fSee Penna. Suprnme Court Reports, Vol. 205, page 180. 



56 THE ARMORY QUESTION 1914 

vacate at that time and deliver the keys to room No. 115, City Hall, 

Bureau of City Property. 

Yours respectfully, 

W. H. Ball, 
Chief of Bureau. 

On receipt of this notice, the Commandant at once gath- 
ered about him the officers of the Fencibles and an effort was 
made to have Councils renew the lease. After several inter- 
views with the leading members of both bodies, Select and 
Common, the Commandant was assured that the lease would 
be renewed, and a new Ordinance was drawn and presented. 

A short time later the following letter was received : 

SELECT COUNCIL. 

Philadelphia, January 15, 1914. 

Major Thomas S. Lanard, 

Armory, Broad and Race Sts., City. 

Dear Sir: 

Your communication addressed to members of Councils relative to 
Ordinance to be introduced in Common Council in reference to lease 
of the Armory, was presented at the meeting of Select Council held 
this day and referred to the appropriate committee. 

Yours very truly, 

Harry C. Ransley, 

President. 

The first real shock to be received was on February 9th, 
1914, when the Committee on Finance of Select and Common 
Councils sent the following letter to Major Lanard: 

My Dear Sir: 

I have been directed to inform you that much as they regret it, 
this Committee finds it impossible to act favorably upon the bill to 
extend to the State Fencibles the lease of the Armory at Broad and 
Race Streets. It is absolutely necessary to give over the Armory to 
the Department of Public Safety, as certain divisions of that Depart- 
ment must vacate their rooms in City Hall so that the Municipal Court 
may be put in operation. 

I have been further directed to say that this Committee will be 
pleased to aid you in securing other quarters for your organization, 
providing such assistance should be requested. I am 

Yours very truly, 

A. R. H. Morrow, 

Secretary. 



1914 LETTER TO HON. P. E. COSTELLO 57 

At once an effort was made to have the Committee change 
its views on the snbject and after an interview, the oflicers 
of the Fencibles were assured that the Ordinance, when 
presented, would receive favorable consideration. The Com- 
mandant then addressed a letter to the Hon. P. E. Costello, 
representing the Forty-first Ward in Common Councils on 
Februar}^ 19, 1914, as follows : 

My Dear Mr. Costello: 

I have just had an interview with Major Furth, who commands the 
Old Guard State Fencibles, and he informs me that he has been assured 
by many members of Councils that if you will request, on the floor of 
Councils today, the passage of the Ordinance for the leasing of the 
Armory of tlie State Fencibles, you will receive the aupport of your 
co-woTkers and others in suflficient numlters to pass this measure. 

Many of the officers connected with me in the active organization 
have been in touch with the councilmen representing the different 
wards, and they have been assured that if some one on the floor will 
present the necessary motion for the passage of the Ordinance, they 
will support the same. 

I have been advised that Director of Public Safety Porter has no 
opposition to the passage of the above Ordinance, and therefore, con- 
sidering the above, I would appreciate very much if you would use 
your influence and also take whatever steps are necessary in this mat- 
ter, consistent with your other duties, to secure the passage of this 
Ordinance. I can assure you that whatever you might do will be 
greatly appreciated by me as well as the members of my Command. 
The passage of this Ordinance means much to ua, perhaps more than 
the people at large appreciate, for to lose our quarters at this time 
would mean almost the total destruction of the organization. 

Thanking you for past favors, I beg to remain 

Very respectfully, 

Thomas S. Lanard, 

Major. 

m 

There was no action taken on February 19th. By limita- 
tion of law the lease expired March 1st, 1914, but the officers 
had every assurance that the organization would not be dis- 
turbed in its possession of the Armory until Councils had 
finally disposed of the Ordinance, which was then pending. 

On March 4, 1914, the Commandant of the Fencibles sent 
the following letter to Hon. Peter E. Costello, representing 
the Forty-first Ward: 



58 THE ARMORY QUESTION 1914 

My Dear Mr. Costello: 

I want to call to your attention the matter of the Ordinance to renew 
the lease of State Fencibles' Armory at Broad and Race Streets. 
Following the interview I had with you about ten days ago, I called 
on Chief Ball and afterwards on Director Cooke, and was advised that 
they had no power to grant a temporary extension without orders from 
the Mayor. I made an attempt to get in touch with the Mayor, but 
was not successful at that time. Later, however, I ascertained that 
the Mayor would make no peremptory order in this matter and nothing 
would be done without notice to us. It is the general understanding 
with all parties that this matter is to be considered by Councils at its 
next meeting, which I believe is fixed for Thursday, March 5th. There- 
fore, I am again compelled to ask you to see that this matter is brought 
before Councils and some action taken. We are in a rather embarrass- 
ing position at the present time inasmuch as our lease expired on the 
night of the 28th, and therefore, we are holding possession by the good 
graces of His Honor, the Mayor. I have advised my officers and others 
interested in this matter that I would attempt to have you bring this 
before Councils for action tomorrow. I am very much afraid that 
unless we can get some action this week, the delay will not inure to 
our benefit. 

Awaiting your early reply, I beg to remain 

Very respectfully, 

Thomas S. Lanard, 

Major. 

The following Ordinance was introduced by Mr. Patton 
in Select Council, March 5th, 1914. 

AN ORDINANCE. 

To authorize the extension of the lease of the City Armory, Broad 
Street below Race, to the Infantry Corps State Fencibles.* 

Whereas, the Infantry Corps State Fencibles, through authority of 
an ordinance approved the eleventh day of January, A. D. 1904, have 
occupied the City Armory, Broad Street below Race, for the past ten 
years, during which time they have expended a large amount of money 
for the improvement and upkeep of said Armory, and , < 

Whereas, the said lease expired on the first day of March, 1914, 
therefore 

Section 1. The Select and Common Councils of the City of Phila- 
delphia do ordain, That the Director of the Department of Public 
Works is hereby authorized and directed to enter into an extension of 
the lease of the City Armory, Broad Street below Race, to the In- 
fantry Corps State Fencibles, for a term of two years! commencing 



*The State Fencibles being Incorporated 1876 under this title. 

fThis was a compromise to try and carry the Fencibles through the crisis. 



1914 LETTERS— PARADE— ANNIVERSARY 59 

on the first day of March, A. D. 1914; said lease to be subject to all 
the terms and conditions as contained in the Ordinance approved the 
eleventh day of January, A. D. 1904, entitled "An Ordinance to 
authorize the lease of the City Armory, Broad Street below Race, to 
the Infantry Corps State Fencibles." 

Notwithstanding the fact that the Ordinance had been 
presented by Mr. Patton on March 5tli, the Chief of the 
Bureau of City Property seemed to be keen in getting pos- 
session of the keys before Councils could act, which may be 
gathered from the letter of March 6, 1914, to Major Thomas 
S. Lanard: 

Dear Sir: 

Pursuant to understanding over telephone on 4th and 5th insts. 
with Supt. of Real Estate, promising that today you would make 
arrangement whereby admission could be gained to the Armory, I 
send messenger with this note requesting that you let him have the 
keys to the building, or, if preferable to you, arrange an hour during 
the day when it will be convenient for you to accompany a repre- 
sentative of this Bureau to the building or meet him there, that some 
sketch may be made of the interior. *****«« 

To this letter the Commandant made the following reply : 

Dear Sir: 

I am in receipt of your letter of the above date in the matter of 
the Armory of the State Fencibles. I regret to say that I am unable 
to comply with your request at this time, as the keys for the building 
are in the possession of the Superintendent of the Armory, with whom 
I am unable at this time to get in touch. **»«*•»* 

On the evening of March 8th to the thunderous strains of 
the Battalion Band, the Fencibles held what, in the fears 
of some of its members, was to be the last parade of that 
historic organization. 

The occasion for the parade, review and the celebration 
was the Thirty-eighth Anniversary of the Fencibles' ap- 
pointment by Governor Hartranf t to represent the State of 
Pennsylvania in the Centennial Legion. 

The celebration was not in all respects a merry one. The 
possibility that Councils may refuse to renew the lease for 



60 THE ARMORY QUESTION 1914 

the Armory was talked over among the men and formed 
the subject of an informal address by the Commandant. 

* ' You are threatened, ' ' said Major Lanard, ' ' with a serious situa- 
tion. The City of Philadelphia, of whose history you are as much a 
part as the Liberty Bell itself, is considering what may mean your 
absolute loss of identity as a military organization. 

The Joint Committee of Councils is to decide within a very short 
time whether to renew or to abolish the lease upon your Armory; and, 
if it is not renewed, you all know what will happen. The State Fen- 
cibles will be a thing of the past." 

Major Furth, of the Old Guard, said, in part : 

"The men of this Command have been good soldiers in the past; 
I am afraid that if they wish to save the Armory, they must become 
active politicians in the present. This Command has served the com- 
munity for upwards of a century; and it ought to have something to 
say in the matter. I should advise you to use whatever influence you 
can, by every proper means; and this fight won, I don't think we 
shall be troubled again in our time. ' ' 

Captains Edwin J. Prittie, John D. Garcia, Harry T. 
Porter and Joseph L. Dunn addressed the men in their com- 
pany rooms, and each made a plea to the men to remain 
loyal. 

There was a lull in the battle for a few days and then came 
the second shock, when the following appeared in one of the 
morning newspapers : 

CITY BEGINS PROCEEDINGS TO GET POSSESSION 
OF THE ARMORY. 

The City's fight to get possession of the State Fencibles' Armory, 
Broad and Race Streets, which is wanted for police headquarters, was 
carried into Court of Common Pleas No. 1 yesterday, when City 
Solicitor Ryan began an action in ejectment and filed a writ of pos- 
session against the Infantry Corps of State Fencibles.* 

Later in the day the Armory people, represented by Thomas S. 
Lanard, obtained from Judge Patterson a rule on the City to show 
cause why the ejectment proceedings should not be withdrawn. The 
rule was" made returnable on March 23. In the petition for the rule 
it was pointed out that the leasing of the premises to the Fencibles 
was now a matter awaiting action of Councils. 

•See page 70, where a statement appears of the agreement entered Into that no action would 
be taken without notice to the Fencibles. 



1914 SHERIFF'S WRIT— ORDERS 51 

Later in the day the Sheriff called at the office of Major 
Lanard in the Bailey Building and left with him the follow- 
ing writ: 

THE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA. 

To the Sheriff of the County of Philadelphia, 
Greeting : 

Whereas, the City of Philadelphia, plaintiff lately, that is to say, 
on the 16th day of March, A. D. 1914, in our Court of Common Pleas 
No. 1 for the County of Philadelphia, before our Judges at Phila- 
delphia, by the consideration of the said Court, recovered against the 
Infantry Corps State Fencibles, defendant, late of your County, a 
judgment for possession of premises, the City Armory on the east 
side of Broad Street below Race Street. 

Now, Therefore, We Command you That justly and without delay, 
the aforesaid plaintiff possession of and in the tenements aforesaid, 
with the appurtenances, you cause to have. And how you shall have 
executed this our writ, make known to our Judges at Philadelphia, 
at our said Court of Common Pleas No. 1, there to be held on the first 
Monday of April next. And have you then there this writ. 

Witness the Honorable F. Amedee Bregy, President of our said 
Court at Philadelphia this 16th day of March in the year of our 
Lord one thousand nine hundred and fourteen (1914). 

A true copy, 

Attest : 

George H. Rahn, W. Blair, Jr., 

Deputy Sheriff. Prothonotary. 

The Commandant then realizing that the fight was on in 
earnest, and that those who were attempting to gain posses- 
sion of the premises would leave no stones unturned to gain 
their end, at once issued the following order : 

Headquarters State Fencibles. 
Special Orders 1. 

The Armory will remain closed from this date until further orders. 
Company Commanders will suspend drills of Companies until further 
orders. 

By order of 
M. H. Smith, Jr., Thomas S. Lanard, 

First Lieut, and Adjutant. Major. 

The Commandant then prepared and presented to the 
Honorable John Patterson, Judge of Court of Common 



62 THE ARMORY QUESTION 1914 

Pleas No. 1, the following petition for a rule to stay the hand 
of the Sheriff until Councils had acted on the Ordinance 
then pending before them. 

City of Philadelphia \ C. P. No. 1. 

vs. ) March Term, 1914. 

Infantry Corps State Fencibles. ! No. 1377. 



PETITION FOR RULE TO SHOW CAUSE WHY JUDGMENT 
IN ABOVE CASE SHOULD NOT BE OPENED AND DE- 
FENDANT LET INTO A DEFENSE. 



To the Honorable, the Judges of said Court: 

The petition of Thomas S. Lanard respectfully represents: 

1. That he is President of the Infantry Corps State Fencibles, the 
defendant above named. 

2. That the Infantry Corps State Fencibles was organized in the 
City of Philadelphia, May 26, 1813, for the defense of the City, State 
and Nation during the second war with Great Britain. 

3. That on March 11, 1876, the said defendant was incorporated 
under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. 

4. That on the 16th day of March, A. D. 1914, an amicable action 
in ejectment to the above term and number was commenced in your 
Honorable Court and judgment entered and a writ of habere facias 
possessionem issued and made returnable first Monday in April, 1914, 
for possession of lot of ground and building, situate on the east side 
of Broad Street below Race Street, in the City of Philadelphia, better 
known as the State Fencibles' Armory. 

5. That said lot on which said Armory building is erected was leased 
to the defendant corporation in 1884, in accordance with an Ordinance 
of Councils of the City of Philadelphia, for a term of ten years and at 
the expiration thereof for a further term of ten years. 

6. That on the second day of April, A. D. 1904, in accordance with 
an Ordinance of Councils of the City of Philadelphia, a third lease 
or agreement was entered into between the parties hereto for a further 
term of ten years, which expired March 1st, 1914. 

7. That during the occupancy of the demised premises the defendant 
has expended upward of $125,000 for the erection of the present 
Armory building and its improvements. 

8. That the said Armory is the meeting place of the said defendant 
and the drill hall of its military organization; the records, trophies, 
flags, relics, the result of 100 years of honorable service, are within 
its walls, and are of priceless value. The equipment for military 
purposes alone is valued at over $40,000. 



1914 PETITION TO OPEN JUDGMENT g3 

9. That the defendant has been for the past thirty years in posses- 
sion of the demised premises and now is in possession of the same. 

10. That there is now pending in Common Councils an Ordinance for 
the extension of said lease for a further term; and in Select Councils 
there is pending an Ordinance which provides, inter alia, as follows: 

Section 1. The Select and Common Councils of the City of Phila- 
delphia do ordain, That the Director of the Department of Public 
Works is hereby authorized and directed to enter into an extension 
of the lease of the City Armory, Broad Street below Race, to the In- 
fantry Corps State Fencibles, for a term of two years, commencing 
on the first day of March, A. D. 1914; said lease to be subject to all 
the terms and conditions as contained in the Ordinance approved the 
eleventh day of January, A. D. 1904, entitled "An Ordinance to 
authorize the lease of the City Armory, Broad Street below Race, to 
the Infantry Corps State Fencibles." 

11. That your deponent is advised that action on said Ordinance 
will be taken by Councils of the City of Philadelphia during the month 
of March, 1914. 

12. That Councils have passed an Ordinance making the appro- 
priation for coal and light for the defendant organization at the 
Armory for the year of 1914; also the annual appropriation for the 
maintenance of the four military companies connected with the 
defendant organization for the year of 1914, all of which has been 
approved by His Honor, the Mayor. 

13. Your petitioner is informed and therefore avers that shortly 
after the expiration of the lease, to wit, about March 3, 1914, that His 
Honor, the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, stated that no per- 
emptory action would be taken to oust the defendant, pending the 
consideration of the Ordinance of Councils for an extension of the 
lease to the defendant organization. 

14. That said action in ejectment was commenced, and said judg- 
ment entered and said writ of haiere facias possessionem issued with- 
out notice to the defendant corporation or any of its officers. 

15. That under the terms of the Ordinance of January 11, 1904, 
the Director of the Department of Public Safety was authorized to 
enter into the lease for the demised premises with the defendant and 
during the continuance of said lease the defendant organization was 
to maintain and keep a company or companies of uniformed, armed and 
disciplined men who were at all times to be under the direction and 
control of the Director of the Department of Public Safety. 

16. That under the terms of an Ordinance of December, 1913, the 
Director of Public Safety of the City of Philadelphia must inspect 
and certify that the companies of the above defendant military or- 
ganization have passed their annual inspection before the City Con- 
troller is authorized to pay any money under the appropriation for 
maintenance for the year 1914. 



54 THE AEMORY QUESTION 1914 

17. That no notice has been received from the Director of the De- 
partment of Public Safety for the defendant organization to change 
its headcjuarters, nor that he desires to retake the premises and Armory 
above mentioned, nor has he issued any order to the defendant to 
remove therefrom. 

18. That to permit the plaintiff to secure possession of the above- 
mentioned Armory and its contents before Councils shall have had an 
opportunity to properly act on the Ordinance now before it, would work 
an irreparable loss to the defendant. 

Your petitioner, therefore, prays your Honorable Court to grant a 
rule on the plaintiff to show cause why the judgment in this case 
should not be opened and the defendant let into a defense. All pro- 
ceedings to stay meanwhile. 
And he will ever pray, &e. 

Thomas S. Lanard, 

President Infantry Corps State Fencibles. 



County of Philadelphia, ss : 

Thomas S. Lanard, being duly sworn according to law, deposes and 
says that the facts set forth in the foregoing petition are true and cor- 
rect to the best of his knowledge, information and belief. 

Thomas S. Lanard. 
Sworn and subscribed before me this 17th day of March, A. D. 1914. 

Chas. Bentley Collins, 

Notary Public. 

On the presentation of the above petition the Honorable 
John Patterson granted the following order : 

ORDER, 

And Now, March 17th, 1914, in consideration of the above petition, 
a rule is granted on the plaintiff to show cause why the judgment in 
the above case should not be opened and the defendant let into a de- 
fense. 

Rule returnable on the 23d day of March, A. D. 1914, at 10 o 'clock. 
All proceedings to stay meanwhile. 

In an editorial The Evening Bulletin said : 

Philadelphia owes a moral, if not a legal debt to the State Fencil)les 
in the matter of its Armory, irrespective of any question of the present 
public usefulness of the organization. To thrust the Battalion out of 
the building, without giving them some other home, would be mani- 
festly unfair. The present State Fencibles is the successor of a body 
which has had an honorable existence for upwards of a century. It is 



1914 NEWSPAPER COMMENTS 55 

not a part of tho State Militia, it is true preferring to preserve its 
independent existence as a battalion rather than have its identity 
merged in a regimental organization. Its past public character has 
been preserved, however, Ijy an agreement under which tho Battalion 
can, under certain contingencies, be used as police auxiliaries. 

The Battalion has been for many years the tenant of the present 
Armory site, receiving small aid from tho City, and through its own 
exertions raised the money for the building it has occupied. A way 
ought to be found to compensate the Fencibles in some way for the 
equity they undoubtedly possess in the building, which the City now 
desires to use as police headquarters. 

Another newspaper said : 

The fight of the State Fencibles to save their law-besieged Armory 
on Broad Street below Race from tho grasp of Director Porter, who 
seeks to transform the building into a police station, will be carried 
to Councils one week from tomorrow. Select Councilman Patton will 
introduce a measure in the upper chamber authorizing the City to 
lease the land upon which the Armory stands to the Fencibles for 
ten years. A similar Ordinance will be brought before Common 
Council by Councilman Costello. ******* 

Major Lanard said yesterday that it was unthinkable that Councils 
would stand idly by and allow a building and equipment that cost 
$125,000, paid for by the Fencibles, to be made over into a police 
station. He said the City had a legal right to the land, but that the 
Battalion has a moral right to the building. 

"They will have to throw us out," said Major Lanard. "It will 
be necessary for the City to obtain a writ of ejectment, because the 
Fencibles will not give up without a struggle." 

Despite all that may have been said. Councils have not voted on the 
proposition to renew the lease of the grounds. The Committee to 
which the question was referred asked to be relieved of further con- 
sideration of the lease, and this request was granted. 

OflScers of the Battalion have sounded members of both branches 
of Councils, and only one or two have said they will vote against 
renewing the lease. It is a shame that tho city oflSccrs should take 
advantage of a technicality to rob the members of an organization 
such as the Fencibles of their own home. 

From March to August, 1914, the Armory question was 
the main topic of discussion by the Fencibles. i\[any meet- 
ings were held before the Committees of Councils, with city 
officials, politicians, business men and others, but for some 
reason it was impossible to bring this matter to a head. The 



66 THE ARMORY QUESTION 1914 

city officials did nothing except threaten to take possession 
and Councils did nothing except to promise to pass the 
Ordinance. 

The third shock came to the Fencibles when the Depart- 
ment of Public Safety attempted to gain possession of the 
Armory during the absence of the Commanding Officer from 
the City. 

There is perhaps one thing that the Fencibles should 
thank the Germans for, and that is, starting the war in 
August, 1914. The Commandant of the Fencibles was on 
a vacation, sailing along the coast of Labrador, when the 
news of the opening of the World War was received, and the 
steamer made for port, later reaching Halifax. The Com- 
mandant's vacation being suddenly ended, he returned to 
Philadelphia, arriving the day the second attempt was made 
to gain possession of the Armory. 

Immediately a petition was presented to the Honorable J. 
Willis Martin, President Judge of Court of Common Pleas 
No. 5, then presiding over the summer court, and the hand 
of the City was again stayed from the attempted destruc- 
tion of the Fencibles. 

The following is a copy of the petition : 

City of Philadelphia \ C. P. No. 1. 

vs. } March Term, 1914. 

Infantry Corps State Fencibles. } No. 1377. 



PETITION FOR RULE TO SHOW CAUSE. 



To the Honorable, the Judges of said Court: 

The petition of Thomas S. Lanard respectfully represents: 

1. That he is the President of the Infantry Corps State Fencibles, 
the defendant above named. 

2. That on the 16th day of March, A. D. 1914, an amicable action 
in ejectment to the above term and number was commenced in your 
Honorable Court, and judgment entered and a writ of habere facias 
possessionem issued and made returnable first Monday in April, 1914, 
for possession of the lot of ground and building situate on the east 
side of Broad Street below Race in the City of Philadelphia, better 
known as the State Fencibles' Armory. 

3. Said lot on which said Armory building was erected was leased 



1914 SECOND PETITION TO OPEN JUDGMENT gj 

to the defendant corporation in 1884 for ten years, and at the expira- 
tion thereof for a further term of ten years, and at the expiration 
thereof for a term of ten years, which expired March 1st, 1914. 

4. That during the occupancy of the demised premises the de- 
fendant has expended upward of $125,000 for the erection of the said 
Armory building and its improvements. 

5. That on March 5th, 1914, an Ordinance entitled "An Ordinance 
to authorize the extension of the lease of the City Armory, Broad 
Street below Race, to the Infantry Corps State Fencibles," was in- 
troduced in Select Councils by Mr. Patton, and the same referred to 
the City Property Committee. 

6. That a meeting of the said City Property Committee was held 
on the second day of April, 1914, and said Ordinance was con- 
sidered by said Committee. There were present your petitioner, 
together with other members of the defendant corporation, and the 
Director of the Department of Public Safety Porter. Argument was 
heard by said Committee for and against said Ordinance, and after 
due consideration, the Committee unanimously recommended the pas- 
sage of said Ordinance. 

7. That in consideration of the action taken 1)y said Committee the 
Director of the Department of Public Safety then and there agreed 
that no further action would be taken on the writ on the above suit 
until Councils had finally disposed of this matter. 

8. That the said Ordinance with the recommendation of the Com- 
mittee is now pending in Councils, no action having been taken to date 
by said body. 

9. That the Armory is the meeting place of the defendant cor- 
poration, and the drill hall of its military organization. The records, 
trophies, flags, relies, the result of 100 years of honorable service, are 
within its walls, and are of priceless value. The equipment for military 
purposes is valued at over $40,000. 

That the military organization is prepared to depart within a short 
time for its annual tour of camp duty. 

10. That the defendant for the past thirty years has been in posses- 
sion of the demised premises and is now in possession of the same. 

11. There has been no Ordinance passed or any authority given by 
Councils to the Department of Public Safety or any other depart- 
ment of the City to use said Armory, other than for military pur- 
poses, and to dispossess the defendant corporation at this time would 
work a loss to said organization which no money awarded could ever 
compensate, and would mean the destruction of the entire organ- 
ization. 

Your petitioner therefore prays your Honorable Court to grant a 
rule on the plaintiff to show cause why the judgment in this case 
should not be opened and defendant lot into a defense, all proceed- 



68 THE ARMORY QUESTION 1914 

ings to stay until Councils shall have an opportunity to consider the 
Ordinance above referred to. 
And he will ever pray, &c. 

Thomas S. Lanard. 



County of Philadelphia, ss. 

Thomas S. Lanard, being duly svv-orn according to law, deposes 
and says that the facts set forth in the above and foregoing petition 
are true and correct to the best of his knowledge, information and be- 
lief. 

Thomas S. Lanard. 
Sworn and subscribed before me this 11th day of August, A. D. 
1914. 

Chas. Bentley Collins, 
(SEAL) Notary Fublic. 

Commission expires January 18th, 1917. 

On consideration of the petition, Judge Martin issued an 
order preventing the City of Phihidelphia from proceeding 
in its attemjot to gain possession until a hearing on this mat- 
ter was had before him on August 14, 1914. 

To this petition and order of the Court, the City of Phila- 
delphia made the following answer : 

To the Honorable, the Judges of the said Court: 

George D. Porter, Director of the Department of Public Safety 
of the City of Philadelphia, for answer to the petition heretofore filed 
in the above entitled cause, respectfully shows to j'our Honorable 
Court : 

1. The plaintiff admits the allegations made in the first, second, 
third, fourth, fifth and sixth paragraphs of the said petition. 

2. The plaintiff denies the allegation made in the seventh paragraph 
of said petition, that he agreed that no further action would be taken 
on the writ in the above suit until Councils had finally disposed of 
this matter.* 

3. The plaintiff admits the allegations made in the eighth, ninth, 
tenth and eleventh paragraphs of said petition. 

WHierefore, showing the above facts, the plaintiff prays that the said 
petition be dismissed. 

Paul DeMoll, 

Asst. City Solicitor. 
Michael J. Ryan, 

City Solicitor. 

•See depositions of Major Furth, page 69, where full statement df this appears. 



1914 DEPOSITIONS OF EMANUEL FURTH §9 

City and County of Philadelphia, ss. 

Geouge D. PoKTEi;, being duly sworn according to law, deposes and 
says that he is Director of the Department of Public Works of the 
City of Philadelphia, the above-named plaintiff, and that the facts 
set forth in the foregoing answer are true and correct to the beat of 
his knowledge, information and belief. 

George D. Porter. 

Sworn and subscribed before mc this 12 day of August, A. D. 1914. 

The City of Philadelphia haviiii^ denied the material 
allegations in the petition, to wit, paragraph seven, it then 
became necessary to take depositions in this case and the 
following will give a complete account of the histoiy of this 
litigation and contest to date. 

Depositions in support of defendant's petition for rule 
to show cause why judgment should not be opened and de- 
fendant let into a defejise were taken the seventeenth day 
of September, 1914, before Charles Bentley Collins, Notary 
Public, at his office, No. 803 Bailey Building, 1218 Chestnut 
Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pursuant to due notice 
given. 

Present : 

Thomas S. Lanard, as attorney for defendant; 

Edgar W. Lank, and 

Paul DeMoll, for plaintiff; 

Emanuel Furth, as a witness. 



Emanuel Furth, called and sworn. 

Questioned by Major Lanard: 

Q. You were present at a meeting of the Joint Committee on City 
Property of Select and Common Councils at City Hall, April 2d, 1914, 
when the Committee had before it an Ordinance for the extension of 
the lease of the State Fencibles' Armory, were you not! 

A. Yes, sir. 

Q. And the Committee on that day considered the Ordinance, did 
they not? 

(Mr. Lank, Attorney for City, objected to all the following ques- 
tions and answers as being irrelevant, incompetent and immaterial.) 

A. Yes, sir. 

Q. Was the Director of the Department of Public Safety present! 

A. He was. 



70 THE ARMORY QUESTION 1914 

Q. Did you have any conversation with him in reference to the action 
then pending in the Common Pleas Court No. 1 with reference to the 
ejectment proceedings? 

A. I did. 

Q. State what conversation you had. 

A. Immediately after the Joint Committee of Councils had passed 
unanimously a favorable report upon the Ordinance in question, the 
Director of Public Safety, George D. Porter, being present, I walked 
up to him and said that I thought in view of the favorable action 
just taken by the Joint Committee of Councils, and in view of the fact 
that he, the Director, had stated to the Committee that he was simply 
awaiting the direction of Councils in the disposition that they might 
make with regard to the Armory, that the pending rule to open judg- 
ment and allow the defendant to make defense ought to be continued 
until Councils should make some disposition or direction to him as 
to the use that Councils would desire to make of the Armory, either 
to continue the use of the present occupants, the State Fencibles, or 
to such other use as Councils might direct. The Director said that he 
agreed with me and that he had no objection to the rule being con- 
tinued until Councils had either passed upon the present Ordinance 
or had passed some other Ordinance, directing his Department what 
to do with the Armory. I then asked him, as the plaintiff, the City 
of Philadelphia being represented by the City Solicitor, whether he 
would not kindly notify him of the agreement just entered into, to 
continue all present proceedings until the matter had been disposed 
of as suggested, and the Director said that he would do so at once. 
There was some further conversation which I just cannot recall on 
other matters, and this conversation was in the presence of Major 
Lauard of the Battalion, and I think. Captain Greene. 

Q. Did you have any communications with the Director with refer- 
ence to this matter! 

A. On April 9th I wrote the Director the following letter, which 
measurable, explains what happened immediately prior to the writing 
of it. The letter states as follows: 

April 9th, 1914. 

George D. Porter, Esq., 
Director of Public Safety, 

City Hall. 

Dear Sir: 

You will probably recall that on Thursday last after the meeting 
held before the Joint Committee on city property and the favorable 
report on the Ordinance renewing the lease of the Armory to the 
Fencibles, that you agreed with me that you would instruct the City 
Solicitor to allow the pending rule for possession of the Armory to 
be continued until Councils acted upon the Ordinance. I should have 



1914 DEPOSITIONS OF EMANUEL FURTH 71 

been in Court today when the list was disposed of, but was misled 
in supposing that the list would be heard tomorrow, forgetting all 
about the fact that it was Good Friday and a legal holiday. In my 
absence the City Solicitor had our rule discharged, very likely be- 
cause he did not know of the personal agreement between us. Will 
you kindly instruct the City Solicitor to re-instate the rule .so that it 
may be kept pending, according to our agreement, until the Ordi- 
nance is either carried or defeated, and oblige. 

Yours truly, 

Emanuel Furtii. 
Mr. Furth continuing, said: 

It appears that the following day, April 10th, was Good Friday; 
of course, I ouglit to know when Good Friday happens that it is a legal 
holiday, but it really slipped my mind, and I was under the supposi- 
tion that the list containing this case would be heard on Friday, 
the 10th day of April, hence I did not appear in court at the time 
that the rule was called up for dispo.sition on Thursday, the 9th. I 
was, however, advised of the action of the Court in discharging our 
rule shortly after the Court had acted, and I immediately wrote the 
letter of April 9th to the Director. 

Q. Now, did you receive any reply to that letter? 

A. I did. On the 11th day of April I received this reply from the 
Director: 

April 11th, 1914. 
Emanuel Furtii, Esq., 

Bailey Building, 

Philadelphia, Pa. 
Dear Sir: 

In reply to your favor of the 9th inst., I beg to advise that I have 
already taken up with the City Solicitor the matter of which you spoke 
in your letter of the 9th, and I presume he will act accordingly. 
Yours very truly, 

George D. Porter, 

Director. 
Mr. Furth continuing, said: 

At the bottom of this letter I wrote in pencil, ' ' Will you see the City 
Solicitor about above?" and sent it to Major Lanard. I was advised 
as a result of sending this letter to Major Lanard that the possession 
of the Fencibles would not be disturbed under pending agreement and 
this was the fact until August 11th following, when, without any fur- 
ther notice to us, without any further action by Councils, a writ of 
habere facias possessionem had issued, but I find now from what is 
stated to me by counsel for the City, that I am in error about the 
writ having issued August 11th. The writ was issued March 16th, 
1914, and was stayed in the hands of the Sheriff, with no action taken 
thereunder until August 11th, when at the direction of the City, the 
Sheriff was ordered to proceed. 



72 TIIE ARMORY QUESTION 1914 

Cross-examination. 
By Mr. Lank for the City: 

Q. Mr. Furth, you spoke of a pending rule. Do I understand you 
that at the time you had this conversation with Director Porter there 
was a rule pending to open this judgment? 

A. Yes, sir. 

Q. And that rule was disposed of by the Court in your absence? 

A. Yes, sir. 

Q. Was not Mr. Lanard there? 

A. I do not know. It is a fact that when this rule first came to be 
heard by the Court some weeks prior to its being discharged, that at 
the bar of the court counsel entered into an agreement which was satis- 
factory to the Court, that this rule must be disposed of when it next 
appeared upon the list, the time being stated, but I do not now recall, 
unless Councils acted in the meantime. 

Q. Had Councils acted in the meantime? 

A. As I have already stated. 

Q. What was the action? 

A. A Joint Committee of Councils on City Property unanimously 
reported favorably to extend the lease of the defendant for the period 
of two years from January 1st, 1914. 

Q. You were not present when the rule was disposed of? 

A. I was not. 

Q. The Court did consider that rule and dispose of it that you spoke 
of as pending at this time? 

A. On Thursday, April 9th, the Court discharged our rule as I have 
stated, Mr. DeMoll being present and representing the City, and neither 
I nor any one representing the defendant. I want to state that I 
relied entirely upon my letter to the Director and his reply and did not 
notify the City Solicitor of my agreement, and that I have no fault to 
find professionally with the City Solicitor as to the disposal of the 
rule in my absence, for it is quite probable that he had no notice of 
the agreement entered into between the head of the Department of 
Public Safety and myself. 

Q. Has any ordinance been presented to Councils authorizing an ex- 
tension of this lease for two years? 

A. No ordinance has been presented. The ordinance is still pending 
and undetermined, and if you will permit me, I would like to add that 
no other or contrary action has been authorized by Councils for the 
use of the Armory. 

Q. Councils are meeting at the present moment? 

A. Yes. 

Q. In your previous rule you did not allege any pending ordinance 
before Councils? 

A. As I remember it, no. 

Q. In the rule taken on August 14th, you asked the Court to stay 



1914 NEWSPAPER COMMENT— LETTER 73 

proceedings on this writ merely because you had such an Ordinuiu-e 
pending before Councils, and which you hope to have passed! 

A. Yes, and upon the theory that the change of circumstances would 
involve equitable action by the Court in staying its own writ. 

Again the newspapers gave publicity to this matter by 
the following, which later proved to be an erroneous report: 

Holding that City Councils alone possess authority for leasing city 
properties. Common Pleas Court No. 1 today discharged the rule to 
open judgment on the lease of the State Fencibles' Armory, Broad 
and Race Streets, and the organization will be compelled to vacate 
immediately and deliver up possession of the building it built and has 
occupied for thirty years. 

On October 1st the Commandant sent the following to the 
President of Select and Common Council of the City of 
Philadelphia : 

Sir: 

I desire to bring to the attention of your Honorable Body a matter 
which has been giving the public and the above organization much 
concern during the past few days. It was erroneously reported in the 
newspapers on Monday evening that the Court of Common Pleas No. 1 
had handed down an opinion refusing to permit the State Fencibles to 
retain possession of the Armory at Broad and Race Streets pending 
the consideration of the proposed lease which is now before your Body. 
My purpose in writing you is to request immediate action on the pro- 
posed Ordinance for the extension of the lease of said Armory, for the 
important reason that on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday, October 
6th, 7th and 8th, the Ancient and Honorable Artillery of Boston will 
be in Philadelphia as the guests of the State Fencibles,* and the 
program now arranged is to entertain them at the Armory, Broad and 
Race Streets. Unless your Honorable Body acts at once on the lease 
and decides the question whether or not we are to retain possession 
of this property, it will be necessary for us to cancel all arrangements 
made for the reception and entertainment of the Ancient and Honor- 
able Artillery and so advise them, for no other building in the city is 
under our control where said entertainment could be carried out. 

Trusting that this matter will be disposed of today, I beg to remain 
Very respectfully, 

Thomas S. Lanard, Major, 

Commanding Infantry Battalion 
State Fencibles. 



•For visit ot the Ancient and Honorable Artillery see page 46. 



Y4 THE ARMORY QUESTION 1914 

To each member of Councils the following letter was sent : 

Dear Bir: 

An Ordinance has been introduced in Common Council to lease the 
Armory, Broad and Race Streets, to the above organization, and within 
the past few days I took the liberty of sending you a letter and en- 
closing a circular showing that we have had exclusive possession of the 
said Armory since 1884, the date when the same was erected by the 
Fencibles at their expense. 

I want to call your attention to a few additional facts: 

"Penn" in the Bulletin, January 17th, said, inter alia: 

"In the loan bill which was approved in 1911 there was an item of 
one hundred thousand dollars for the erection of a Soldiers' and 
Sailors ' monument in Logan Square. "«••*• 

That the Mayor has approved a book entitled "Philadelphia in the 
Civil War," « * * * and that it will ever remain a "living witness" 
to Philadelphia's prompt and patriotic response in men and means 
when the country most needed the help of the soldiers and sailors. 

The State Fencibles have contributed many lives in defense of this 
Nation. Below is a list of a few who gave their lives, to say nothing 
of the many who were wounded: 

RIOTS, 1844. 

Lieut. John S. Button, died of disease contracted in service; 
wounded, Sergeant Thomas Marston and Private Joseph Hesser. 
MEXICAN WAR, 1846. 

Killed in service: Sergeant William Rice, Private Charles B. 
Packer and Private Thomas McClintock. 

CIVIL W^AR, 1861. 

Killed in service: Col. A. P. Hesser, Lieut. Col. Theodore Hesser, 
Lieut. Col. Martin Tschudy, Sergt. Mahlon S. Michnor, Private Ed- 
ward Sharswood, Lieut. Hartman Kuhn, Lieut. Hampton North, Lieut. 
James B. Grier, Private Alex. Anderson. 

Died from wound received in service: Lieut. John T. Hawkins. 

Died of disease contracted in service: Capt. Lewis H. Plum, Capt. 
Henry A. Cook, Capt. E. Forrest Koehler, Lieut. Andrew J. Knorr, 
Private Charles H. Horn and Private William K. Smith. 
SPANISH- AMERICAN WAR. 

Died of disease contracted in service: Private G. H. Neil and 
Private P. Sholly. 

We ask for no better monument to our deceased brothers than the 
present quarters we now occupy. Certainly it is not asking too much 
at this time for the City to again renew our lease, which we have had 
the pleasure of enjoying so long. 

Very respectfully, 

Thomas S. Lanard, 

Major. 



1914 LETTER TO MAYOR BLANKENBURG 75 

To Hon. Rudolph Blankenburg, Mayor of the City of 
Philadelphia, the following was sent: 

Dear Sir: 

I beg to call to your attention a matter of considcraVjle importance to 
the City of Philadelx^hia and to the above organization. The Councils 
of the City of Philadelphia liave before them a proposed Ordinance to 
extend the lease for the Armory at Broad and Race Streets. This 
Ordinance was introduced in the Spring of the present year and was 
referred to the Joint Committee on City Property. After a public 
hearing the Committee unanimously recommended the passage of said 
Ordinance, but for some reason this matter has never been disposed 
of by Councils. 

Since that time the City, through its legal department, attempted 
to gain possession of the building. Proceedings were instituted, and 
Court of Common Pleas No. 1 issued a stay of proceedings until 
September 28th, when the matter was heard before said Court. The 
Court has not handed down a decision, but has expressed an opinion 
that Councils should act on this matter and decide this question, 
whether or not the organization is to retain control of the building, 
or whether it should be surrendered to the City of Philadelphia. It 
becomes important to have this Ordinance considered by Councils 
today because of the fact that the Ancient and Honorable Artillery 
of Boston have arranged to arrive in Philadelphia on Tuesday next 
as the guests of the State Fencibles, and the arrangements provided 
for their entertainment will necessitate the use of the Armory; there- 
fore, unless Councils act on the proposed Ordinance, I will be com- 
pelled to cancel the arrangements made for their entertainment as it 
would be too late to make arrangements to entertain them at any 
other place. 

My purpose in writing you is to ask that you lay these facts before 
Councils and request immediate consideration of the bill; or, that you 
stay the hand of the City Solicitor so that no action will be taken by 
him until Councils shall have finally disposed of this matter. 

Very respectfully, 

Thomas S. Lanard, Major, 

Commanding Infantry Battalion 
State Fencibles. 



Again the Command was assured that the lease would be 
passed at the next meeting, but for some reason not ex- 
plained, no action was taken. This caused on November 5th, 
1914, a further letter to Hon. Peter E. Costello, who was one 



75 THE ARMORY QUESTION 1915 

of the few men at this time to whom the Commandant could 
go and talk freely on Fencible matters. 

Dear Sir: 

I desire to again call to your attention the Ordinance now pending 
before Councils for the releasing of the Armory at Broad and Race 
Streets to the State Fencibles. I regret that I am compelled to trouble 
you with so many communications in this matter, but I was led to 
believe from information received, that Councils would consider this 
Ordinance at its last meeting, and am now at a loss to understand 
why same was not called before them at that time. 

It is necessary for us at this time to arrange our schedule for drills, 
etc., and it becomes very important that we get a decision on this 
lease question at once. 

Will you kindly arrange to have the same taken up at the meeting 
of Councils today. 

Very respectfully, 

Thomas S. Lanard, 

Major. 

There was no action taken by Councils at that session, 
however, there came the dawn of a better day. November 
of the year 1915 saw the election of a new Mayor for the City 
of Philadelphia, and the passage into oblivion of a regime, 
which since its inception, had been a thorn in the side of the 
Fencibles. 

Immediately after the election the Fencibles with renewed 
courage and strength, marshalled its forces and began the 
final campaign for the salvation and retention of its Armory. 

The writer of this history was present at that memorable 
interview with the Honorable Thomas B. Smith, Mayor of 
the City, shortly after his election, and when the Fencibles' 
cause had been fully presented to him, he said to those 
present, "Gentlemen, why I can remember the Fencibles 
with those bear skin shakos ever since I was a boy. I always 
considered the organization a monument to the City of 
Philadelphia, go home, don't worry. I'll see that you are 
not disturbed in the future. ' ' And home we went fully satis- 
fied that our fight had at last been won. The "enemy" was 
not content, however, and there were several attempts made 
to block the passage of the Ordinance, when finally called 
for hearing, which caused the following letter to be written : 



1916 LETTEK TO DlEECTOlt— ORDINANCE 77 

April 5th, lOlfi. 
Hon. William II. Wilson, 

Director of Public Safety, 

City Hall, Philadelphia. 
My Dear Director: 

The Ordinance of Councils providing for a lease hy the City of the 
Armory, Broad and Eace Streets, to the State Fencibles, has 
been favorably reported from the Finance Committee, and I have 
every reason to suppose that your interest in the matter will 
be forwarded by your friends in Councils, but I have some 
information that it will not have altogether smooth sailing. This 
may be due to the present condition of things politically, or to some 
one having an ulterior motive. At all events, I think it would be wise 
to have your friends press for the passage of the Ordinance at this 
time. We are preparing for our summer encampment, and it would 
greatly aid us to know that our status was fixed Ijeyond preadventure. 
I shall be obliged to you if you will advise me of anything that under 
the circumstances you believe I ought to know. 
Yours very tiuly, 

Thomas S. Lanard, 

Major. 

The opposition, however, had but little weight at this 
time and the following letter settled this long controversy, 
from which the Fencibles came triumphant. 

CLERK'S OFFICE, COMMON COUNCIL. 

Rooms No. 492 and 494, City Hall. 

Philadelphia, April 12th, 1916. 
To Thomas S. Lanard, 

Major State Fencibles. 
Sir: 

This is to certify that the following is a true and correct copy of 
the original Ordinance approved by His Honor the Mayor on the elev- 
enth day of April, A. D. 1916. 

AN ORDINANCE 
To authorize the lease of the City Armory, Broad Street below Race, to 
the Infantry Corps State Fencibles. 

Section 1. The Select and Common Councils of the City of Phila- 
delphia do ordain, That the Director of Public Works be, and is hereby 
authorized to let the City Armory, Brnad Street below Race, for the 
term of ten years, commencing March 1, 1916, to the Infantry Corps, 
State Fencibles, a corporation chartered under the laws of the Com- 
monwealth of Pennsylvania, at an annual rental of ten ($10) dollars: 
Provided, That sam building shall not be used for other than mili- 
tary purposes during the continuance of said lease, nor shall the same 



78 THE ARMORY QUESTION 1916 

be sublet or this lease be assigned without the consent of the Councils 
of the City of Philadelphia. All improvements made in the demised 
premises by the said Infantry Corps, State Fencibles, shall be made 
subject to the approval of the Director of Public Safety, and shall 
revert, upon the expiration of the lease, to the City of Philadelphia. 
Section 2. The said Infantry Corps, State Fencibles, shall, during 
its occupation of the demised premises, provide a company or com- 
panies of uniformed, armed and disciplined men, who shall at all 
times be subject to the direction and control of the Director of Public 
Safety, and in times of public riot, disturbances or emergency, the 
Director of Public Safety shall have full charge and control of the 
demised premises as the same may be necessary to be used for police 
purposes. 

Attest : 

Wm. H. Felton, 
(SEAL) Chief Cleric Common Council. 

The fight was over, the victory was won, but the scars 
still remained. It was a bitter fight, unjustly waged against 
an organization at a time when the City should have been 
singing its praises. 'Tis a long road on which we travel 
before we reach life's journey end and it is hoped that those 
w^ho sought to vent their wrath on this organization may 
some day see the great unjustice they have done, for after 
all, what had the Fencibles that others sought to destroy, 
except its career? 

On April 20th, 1916, the Battalion was assembled on the 
drill floor and the announcement was made of the passage 
of the Ordinance. 

Following this there were several good, loyal, loud and 
long cheers for the ''Fencibles." "Long live the Fen- 
cibles," and then with a few more cheers for the Command- 
ing Officer and those who had stood by him in the long 
struggle, the Command as though inspired, proclaimed as 
one man, that well-known adage, ' ' Once a Fencible — always 
aFencible." 



1916 CELEBRATION OF VICTORY 79 

The Entortaiiiment Committee tlieii took charcje and after 
pipes and tobacco were furnished, the entertainment began. 

PROGRAM. 

Piano Solo Charles L. Mauor 
A Pleasant Half Hour in the 

Land of Mystery Jacob Bieg 

A Cabaret Girl May Burns 

A Minstrel Man Billy Davis 

The Irish Senator John Devlin 

The Singing Girl Gertrude Ralston 

Music and Mirth Jacob Bieg, Assisted by Mrs. 

Bieg 

After the entertainment the Command was marched to 
the basement where a good ' * Hot Lunch ' ' was served. Thus 
ended the celebration of the victory; the close of a fight, 
which at times approached that critical stage, when the Fen- 
cibles faced destruction. It was a fitting way to celebrate 
such a victory in an informal *'got together smoker" where 
good fellowship reigned amid an atmosphere of loyal, sin- 
cere and true Fencible comradeship. 

The final act in this long controversy was a pleasant one 
and that was the sending of a letter to Mayor Thomas B. 
Smith, thanking him for the assistance rendered toward the 
passage of the Ordinance. 

May 9th, 1916. 
Hon. Thomas B. Smith, 

Mayor of the City of Philadelphia. 

My Dear Mr. Mayor: 

I am this day in receipt of the lease, duly signed, for the Armory 
at Broad and Race Streets. I want to take this occasion to thank 
you for what you have done for the organization of which I have the 
honor to command. 

We were facing a crisis never before experienced by tliis Battalion 
and were fast showing the result of the bitter and unjust fi^ht which 
was being waged against us. Then came your inauguration as Mayor 
of the City of Philadelphia, which gave us renewed strength, and 
with your assistance, in the face of all opposition, we were again given 
the right to enjoy the privileges which for so many ycarj belonged 
to us and which your predecessor had denied us. The Armory haa 



gQ THE ARMORY QUESTION 1916 

again been leased to us for a term of ten years and today we are facing 
a brighter future than we ever anticipated. I know I speak for every 
officer and member of the Command when I extend to you our sincere 
thanks for what you have done to preserve and uphold this ancient 
and historic organization. 

Very respectfully, 

Thomas S. Lanaed, 

Major. 



CHAPTER V. 

Citizens' Training Camp at Broomall, Del. Co., 1915. 

THE origin of THE CAMP NEWSPAPER COMMENTS RECRUITING 

FIRST day's work INCIDENTS OF CAMP LIFE EXAMINA- 
TION OF ROOKIES — CAMP CLOSES — LETTER OF COMMENDATION 
INVITATION TO PLATTSBURG STUDENTS DINNER TO NEWS- 
PAPER CORRESPONDENTS. 

President Wilson in his message to Congress on the qnes- 
tion of National Preparedness said, inter alia: 

' ' War has never been a mere matter of men and guns. It is a thing 

of disciplined might. If our citizens are ever to fight effectively tfpon 

a sudden summons, they must know how modern fighting is done and 

what to do when the summons comes to render themselves immediately 

available and immediately effective. And the Government must supply 

them with the training they need to take care of themselves and of 
•i. « • * » « 

The military arm of their government, which they will not allow 
to direct them, they may properly use to serve them and make their 
independence secure — and not their own independence merely, but the 
rights also of those with whom they have common cause, should they 
also be put in jeopardy. They must be fitted to play the great role 
in the world, and particularly in this hemisphere, for which they are 
qualified by principle and by chastened ambition to play. 

It would depend upon the patriotic feeling of the younger men of 
the country whether they responded to such a call to service or not. 
It would depend upon the patriotic spirit of employers of the country 
whether they made it possible for the younger men in their employ 
to respond under favorable conditions or not. I, for one, do not doubt 
the patriotic devotion either of our young men or of those who give 
them employment, those for whose benefit and protection thoy would, 
in fact, enlist. I would look forward to the success of such an experi- 
ment with entire confidence." 

The Commanding Officer of the State Fcncibles from the 
above article, gained the thought that perhaps there were 

81 



82 CITIZENS' TRAINING CAMP 1915 

many young men in the neighborhood of Philadelphia who 
might be interested in the military affairs and yet not be in 
a position to enlist for a full period of three years in one 
of the companies of the National Guard, and after giving 
the matter some consideration, the following communication 
was sent to all the Philadelphia newspapers : 

August 24th, 1915. 
To the City Editor, 

Dear Sir: 

The newspapers of the country during the past few weeks have 
given considerable publicity to the ' ' Citizens ' Military Camp ' ' at 
Plattsburg, New York, which has done wonderful work in awakening 
and promoting the heretofore dormant military spirit of our citizens. 
' No doubt a great number of the young men of our city have been 
deprived of the opportunity to participate in that outing, owing to 
the great distance the camp is located from Philadelphia and the time 
there required for training. Having this thought in mind and be- 
lieving that the Mexican and foreign situations call for a better and 
closer study by our young men of the fundamental principles of 
soldiery, I have arranged to take the Infantry Battalion State Fen- 
cibles into camp from 8 P. M. Friday, September 3d, to Monday, Sep- 
tember 6th, at Broomall, Chester County, Pa., and I desire, through 
the newspapers of our city, to extend an invitation to all citizens be- 
tween the age of eighteen and forty, who desire to take advantage of 
this opportunity, to learn what may be considered the first duties of the 
soldier, to go without enlistment, into camp with us. The Battalion is 
prepared to furnish uniforms, tents, blankets, guns, etc., for a limited 
number of men. The only cost incident to this outing will be the mesa 
charge, which will be nominal. All applicants must apply at the 
Armory, Broad and Race Streets, between 8 and 10 o'clock, Monday 
evening, August 30th. No applications will be received after that 
date. 

I would appreciate very much if you would publish an article on 
this subject at the earliest possible date, making this announcement, 
giving to the public, in detail, the information I have above sub- 
mitted. 

Very respectfully, 

Thomas S. Lanakd, 

Major. 

The Philadelphia newspapers immediately took up this 
matter and gave the same full publicity. From the very 
day it was announced to the end, this camp was made a 



1915 NEWSPAPER COMMENT 83 

feature in the c^eneral news columns. During the encamp- 
ment many of the papers luid special representatives as- 
signed, together with their photographic staff, who spent 
their entire time in camp. The Sunday edition of the Phila- 
delphia papers contained many very interesting accounts 
and photographs. 

The following is the announcement made August 26 by 
The Philadelphia Record: 

To aid iu the nation-\\-idc campaign for preparedness, the Infantry 
Battalion State Fencibles will conduct a camp of military instruction 
for civilians from Friday, September 3d, to Monday, September 6th. 
The Battalion will provide uniforms, tents, blankets and arms for a 
limited number of men, who desire the training, which General Leonard 
Wood has been giving to busines.s men at Plattsburg. 

"There are many Philadclphians who have a patriotic desire for 
military training, ' ' said the Commander of the Fencibles, in explain- 
ing his plan. * ' The newspapers of the country have given consider- 
able publicity to the Plattsburg Camp, which has done wonderful work 
in awakening and promoting the dormant military spirit of our citi- 
zens. No doubt a great number of the young men of this city have 
been deprived of the opportunity to participate in that outing, because 
the camp is located so far from Philadelphia and because of the 
length of time required there for training. "»«•«••• 

As September 6th is Labor Day, the arrangement will give the 
rookies three nights under canvas and three full days for training. 
They will be taught the manual of arms, the simpler marching evolu- 
tions, and it is probable that they will receive some drilling in skirmish 
formations. It is the intention of the Fencibles' Commander to cram 
all the military training that is possible into the short encampment. 

"We realize," continued the Major, "that in so short a time only 
the bare fundamentals can be touched upon. Therefore, only the basic 
principles that underlie soldiery will be taught, together with the 
technical terms of the army. Those who attend the camp will get to 
understand fairly well the life and customs of a soldier. Through the 
camp we expect to turn out some men, who, if called into service, 
would be able to do something more than a raw recruit. In other 
words, we are attempting to really awaken a dormant spirit and see 
if we can interest men in the military. It can do no harm, and it may 
do a great good. There will be a series of talks on military affairs 
and the duties of a soldier, which will be under my supervision. Cap- 
tain Frank N. Greene, the surgeon of our Battalion, will give a talk 
on first aid. Our band will be taken along. They will play for even- 
ing parade, guard mount, etc., and will give a concert every night. 



84 CITIZENS' TRAINING CAMP 1915 

The military instruction will Ije carried on by the oflScers of the 
Battalion. 

Of course, the progress we are able to make will depend largely 
on the spirit with which the men enter into the thing. Very little 
can be accomplished if they look upon the whole affair as an outing. 
But if they are interested in the Avork and take hold with a vim, I am 
sure that at the end of the three days they will have learned some- 
thing practical about the life and conduct of a soldier. We will do 
our best to teach them. It is up to them to supply the necessary en- 
thusiasm. ' ' 

Two Imndred and sixty-seven men was the total to volun- 
teer for the three-day military camp at Broomall, Delaware 
County, conducted by the Feneibles' Battalion. These ap- 
plications were filed at the Feneibles' Armory, where the 
recruits were put through a physical examination by the 
surgeons before they were accepted. One clergyman, four 
attomeys-at-law, two physicians, graduates of military 
academies and of Girard College, as well as men from all 
walks of life in this city, were included in the recruits. 

The Philadelphia Inquirer in speaking of this said: 

' ' These men, with the training they will receive in camp would form 
the nucleus around which a regiment of volunteers could be formed 
if the necessity arose," said the Major, after he had made a brief 
address to the recruits. "I am greatly gratified at the results so far. 
We may take a score of our own men with us, but I think this will 
mark the total number of recraits. ' ' 

Those who enlisted last night all expressed themselves as perfectly 
willing to face the rigors of the fifty-seven hours work in seventy. 
Many went even further in volunteering to go out to Broomall on 
Thursday and aid in the work of erecting the camp, thus obligating 
themselves to the twenty-four hours additional work. 

Not only did the newspapers of Philadelphia lend their 
aid ill furthering this movement, but many of the papers 
of the outlying sections also encouraged this spirit of pre- 
paredness, as may be seen from the following which ap- 
peared in The Camden Post : 

No more inspiring sight regarding patriotism could well be imagined 
thnn was seen last night at the Armory in Philadelphia of the State 
Feneibles, where men literally jammed the rooms awaiting their turn 
to be examined for admission to the three days' camp at Broomall. 



85 



1915 NEWSPAPER COMMENT 

But many were turned away, owing not to the fact that they couM 
not qualify, but that it would simply be impossible to take more than 
a fixed number. 

Among the men who will undergo the three days' training are 
physicians, lawyers, artists, niei-hanics, merchants, students, journalists 
and, in fact, nearly all the trades and professions will be represented 
at Camp Broomall from Friday of this week to Monday night of next 
week. 

These men were enlisted for the three days, and will receive an 
honorable discharge at the expiration of that time, provided, of course, 
there is no infraction of the regulations. Each member was iu-structed 
to take with him such necessities as, for instance, toothbrush, hand- 
kerchiefs, change of clothing, and to wear high shoes. Uniform, and 
in fact all other necessary equipment will Ije furnished the recruits 
by the State Fcncibles. 

New Jersey, Delaware and Pennsylvania are represented in the 
roster of recruits for Camp Broomall. 

Camden is represented by Recruit Fred IT. Bihn, of 211 Vine 
Street, and Beverly by William A. Ivins. Mr. Ivins gives his occupa- 
tion as a farmer. When President Wilson said that what the United 
States needed was a trained citizenry, he seemed to voice a sentiment 
unconsciously held by every American who lias red blood in his veins, 
and today the idea has crystalized and men in every walk of life are 
not only willing, but anxious to take the "setting up" exercises 
(which by no means spells play) that will fit them to defend the "Stars 
and Stripes," should the call come. 

Camp Broomall's work will not end with the last bugle call on 
Monday evening next. Every one of the men who leave camp next 
Monday to go to their homes will be better men than before, they will 
have learned that one has to know how to obey before one can com- 
mand; they will show their experience in drills by their erect carriage 
(and be proud of it, too), and the "Red, White and Blue" will also 
mean something more to them than it ever did before, just how, 
they would not be able to put into words, but the feeling will be 
there just the same. 

The Commanding Officer announces the followiiiiT rulct 
and regulations governing the camp : 

As this camp is for the purpose of instruction, a strict adherence 
to the rules and regulations on the part of every officer and enlisted 
man is demanded. Any infraction of a rule or order hereafter pub- 
lished on the part of any officer or enlisted man, prompt measures 
will be taken to preserve the reputation of this Command. 



86 CITIZENS' TRAINING CAMP 1915 

CAMP ROUTINE. 

First Call 5:55 A. M. 

Reveille 6:00 A. M. 

Roll Call 6:15 A.M. 

Exercises 6:20 A. M. 

Recall 6:50 A. M. 

Mess (Breakfast) 7:00 A. M. 

Fatigue 8:00 A. M. 

Guard Mount 8:10 A. M. 

Instructions 8:30 A. M. 

(The entire Command, Officers and Men, will 
assemble at Headquarters.) 

Drill 9:00 A. M. 

Recall 11:00 A. M. 

Mess (Dinner) 12:00 A. M. 

Drill 2 :00 P. M. 

Recall 3:30 P. M. 

Inspection of Quarters 4:30 P. M. 

(First Sergeants -will report to Adjutant for instruc- 
tions for this Inspection.) 

Evening Parade 5:15 P. M. 

Mess (Supper) 6:00 P. M. 

Band Concert 7:30-9:30 P. M. 

Tattoo 10:15 P. M. 

Taps 10:30 P. M. 

The first day in camp convinced the most high-spirited of 
the recruits that there was little of the lark about a soldier's 
life. Stiff and aching muscles made even an army cot seem 
like the softest of beds. 

No time was wasted, schedule of duty filling the daylight 
hours with real work, except for those times when the wel- 
come notes of the bugle sent the men on the run toward the 
big tents where mess was served. 

Reveille at 6 o'clock the first morning brought the rookies 
scrambling out of their tents to make hurried ablutions with 
the aid of the creek nearby, to fall in fifteen minutes later 
in their respective company streets for roll call and a strenu- 
ous half hour of setting-up exercises limbered up their 
muscles and put the recruits in shape for the drills and 
hikes which came later. 

The first breakfast w^as at 7 o'clock, and then came ten 
minutes for policing camp ; then guard-mount, a highly in- 



1915 FIRST BREAKFAST— DRILLS— CONCERT gj 

tricato coremoiiy, wliicli preceded the actual posting of the 
guard. Virtually all of the first morning was taken up with 
drilling and guard-mounting. Later a talk was given by the 
Commandant, emphasizing the value of discipline in mili- 
tary training and outlining the history of the Fencibles' 
Battalion, back to the War of 1812. 

Battalion drill and instruction in the school of the squad 
and company, extended order drill, inspection of quarters 
and evening parade made a full afternoon, and the men 
were ready for supper when 6 o'clock came. 

A concert by the Battalion Band made a pleasant evening- 
feature. Tattoo, the signal for the final roll call, sounded 
at 10:15 and fifteen minutes later Taps signaled "all lights 
out." And this was "the end of a perfect day" in camp. 

A newspaper said : 

Visitors will be welcome in camp between the hours of 6 A. M. 
and 10:30 P. M., and today will, no doubt, see a large turnout of 
friends and relatives of the citizen-soldiers in camp, located on the 
West Chester Turnpike, about thirty minutes by trolley. 

Company A boasts six professional men on its roster. They are 
Dr. P. S. Stout, the Rev. E. H. Bonsall and Attorneys Howard Kirk, 
W. W. Mentzinger, H. D. McKenzie and I. S. Prenner. There are a 
number of business men taking the three days' instruction and any 
number of high school boys and college students have donned the 
khaki and are shouldering Krag Jorgensens with the laudable desire 
to learn something of the duties of a soldier. A bit ragged, of course, 
the drills yesterday, nevertheless, reflected the real spirit of the men 
who have voluntarily taken three days of their time to have a part, 
even but a small part, in the project of national preparedness. 

At tattoo last night the discovery was made that four rookies were 
missing. Instantly there came a number of shouted commands, and a 
provost guard of sixteen men was detailed to scour the country for 
the absentees. After an hour of stumbling about through dark fields 
and darker woods, the deserters were rounded up and brought back to 
camp. There was a drum-head court-martial, with scores of half-be- 
.wildered recruits straining their ears to catch what they could of the 
proceedings. They had little difficulty in learning of all the dire 
penalties that could be inflicted on deserters, for the officers talked in 
unusually loud tones. When it was all over the reason for the shouted 
proceedings became apparent. The whole affair had been a frame-up 
and intended to give the men something to think about with regard to 
breaking camp bounds and maintaining discipline, besides giving the 



38 CITIZENS' TRAINING CAMP 1915 

favored few of the provost guard a taste of some real work in the 
field. 

It was cold the first night in camp, and more than one slumbering 
rookie lost his blanket by failing to take the precaution of rolling up 
in his blanket soldier-fashion. Enterprising spirits moved stealthily 
in the night and carried off every loose blanket in sight. The chap, 
who, new to camp skylarking, turned in unsuspicious of harm, and 
merely pulled his blanket over him, awakened in the small hours shiv- 
ering, to find his blanket missing. 

The tents are pitched in a large clover field freshly mowed, which 
stands high about the road. A camp hospital, in charge of Captain 
Greene, Battalion Surgeon, is prepared to take care of any emergency 
cases. Captain Davis, of the Engineer Corps, who planned the camp, 
has looked well after the sanitary details, and everything has been 
done to safeguard the health of the rookies while in the field. The 
mess arrangements under Captain Burton are ample and the fare plain, 
but substantial and wholesome. One and a half times the regular 
army ration per man is issued daily by the Battalion Commissary. 

Ten extra civilian cooks are looking after the culinary department 
and the men will have no cause for grumbling. Every man has joined 
the Battalion for the three days' tour of duty to learn what he can 
of soldiering and he is bent on accumulating all the experience and 
knowledge of things military, possible in the brief space of time. 

No person expected all these red-blooded recruits to 
assemble in camp, living close to nature, and not to exhibit 
some of the eccentricities common to rookies. One of the 
newspapers in speaking of this said : 

The Battalion arrived at Broomall in two special cars about 10:30 
o'clock last night. The first disillusionment came when the rookies 
found the grass was damp with dew and their feet got wet. Then with 
the aid of a few lanterns, they were shown to their quarters. The tents 
were dark, the sky was overcast, and the army cots served out to the 
men were rolled tightly into small bundles. 

Pr. P. S. Stout had a battle in the dark with his cot. When he 
untied the straps the cot unfolded, he said, into long wobbly string- 
like sausages. Then it wrapped around his legs and almost threw 
him. He straightened it out and pinched his fingers in the hinges. 
Finally, some one came to his rescue and fixed the cot. Another rookie 
who was in the advance detail was heard to remark in dismal tones, 
' ' I slept in my nightie last night and nearly froze. My clothes don 't 
come off again until I get home." 

Finally the camp quieted down, aroused occasionally by rookies 
stumbling over guy ropes and tripping over tent poles. 

About 2 A. M. a sharp "Halt, who is there?" awoke the camp. It 



1915 SENTRY DUTY— END OF CAMP 89 

was a rookie sentry halting a rookie who had been prowling around. 
"Somebody swiped my overcoat and I'm out to swipe another one," 
was the answer. 

The sentry rested the point of his bayonet against his prisoner's 
stomach and yelled for the "Corporal of the guard, number 1." No 
reply. A long wait, then the sentry shouted, ' ' Ho Corporal ! ' ' 

The Corporal answered, ' ' Yea. ' ' Another long wait. ' ' Come here, 
you lazy loafer," yelled the sentry. An officer from his tent mildly 
rebuked the sentry, and while the sentry was listening the prisoner 
escaped. 

A dog started to howl at 2:30 A. M., a cow began to moo at 3 
A. M. and a rooster started crowing at daybreak. After all it was a 
red-eyed sleepy Battalion that lined up for roll call this morning. 

Everybody in camp is in deadly earnest. An Episcopal Clergyman 
solemnly paced to and fro on sentry duty before headquarters this 
afternoon. He is a private in Company A. There are lawyers and 
doctors in the ranks also, all determined to learn the duties of a 
soldier in the short time at their disposal. They cannot spare four 
weeks at the army training camp at Plattsburg, so they are putting in 
three days at Broomall. 

As all things must have an ending, so it was with this 
camp. What was done by the officers in the way of "making 
good" their promise to the citizens of Philadelphia be- 
fore the camp opened, that they would teach them in a 
few days somethings about military life, can be best judged 
from the following account. 

In speaking of the success of the camp, The Philadelphia 
Inquirer said: 

Organized under the auspices of the Infantry Battalion State Feu- 
cibles, a military training camp at Broomall, concluded yesterday 
afternoon and last night at the State Fencibles' Armory at Broad 
and Race Streets, two hundred and sixty-seven who had been rookies 
for three days, gave up their uniforms, feeling that they were at le.ast 
partially prepared for real service should occasion arise. 

The Commander of the State Fencibles, and the officers of that 
Organization, who aided him in the three days of instruction, ex- 
pressed themselves as highly satisfied with the results obtained and 
the spirit of the citizens who had attended the camp. 

More than a score took an examination during the morning and 
afternoon, and to a number of these Major Lanard issued wanants 
as sergeants. A larger number were given ratings as corporals be- 
cause of their grasp of the meaning of the work which had been given 
them. 



90 CITIZENS' TRAINING CAMP 1915 

The examination of the Rookies was conducted by the 
Commandant and Captain Davis, who examined maps sub- 
mitted by the men. Following were those successful in se- 
curing non-commission warrants : 

Sergeants: J. H. Hunter, Company C; William M. 
Hunter, Company C; Stuart L. Kirk, Company A; Rev. E. 
H. Bonsall, Jr., Company A ; Walter Cammenish, Company 
A ; Blumenthal, Company A ; Charles Alvarez, Company C 
H. Dalsimer, Company D; William A. Ivins, Company B 
F. Neal, Company A; William F. Zwirner, Company A 
William A. Tusler, Company A; John Harbison, Company 
^; J. A. Burkert, Company A; E. H. Brown, Company A. 

Corporals : Frank Downing, Company B ; Warren Conner, 
Company C ; M. Piatt, Company C ; Dr. P. S. Stout, Com- 
pany A ; Dolan, Company A ; VanHook, Company C ; Frank 
C. Muir, Company D ; William J. Martin, Company C ; Ed. 
J. Koellsted, Company A; H. L. Viney, Company A; Ed. 
Bisley, Company D ; W. W. Mentzinger, Company A ; J. W. 
Bernard, Company A; S. D. Davis, Company D; F. L. 
Weske, Company A.* 

The examination of twenty-five questions included a com- 
plete rehearsal of all instructions. The men had to be pro- 
ficient also in the manual of arms. 

In order to achieve a sergeancy, the rookie had to obtain 
an average over ninety. Eighty-five was the lowest mark 
for the warrant as a corporal. About one-third of the men 
who took the examination made the ratings. Few, however, 
were under eighty in their markings. 

The last day in camp was a busy one. There was plenty 
of guard and detail work and each company Commander put 
his men through various drills, including a number of ex- 
tended order formations that had previously been demon- 
strated. 

Guard duty from midnight until mess the last morning 
was very elaborate. Extra posts had been established and 
every rooki^ who had not previously stood guard was given 
a stretch of duty. 



•Many o{ these men entered the servke of the United States in the world war. See page 162. 



1915 LAST DAY IN CAMP 91 

The guards had plenty to do. A Sergeant of the Feneibles 
wandered out from his tent during the night and attempting 
to "butt in" on the post of the rookie sentry, was peremp- 
torily challenged. The Corporals of the Guard, together 
with Lieutenant T. W. Shaw, of Company D, who was the 
officer of the day, were kept busy. 

Two motion picture men appeared on the scene early the 
morning of the last day and characteristic views of the camp 
have been preserved. The noonday mess was a happy affair. 
It was the last meal of the men in camp and they cheered 
their officers, hooted their corporals and sergeants and then 
cheered them roundly. And then they expressed loudly their 
appreciation of the excellent work of the camp cooks. 

At about noon it looked as though it were going to rain 
and orders were given to break camp. Arms were stacked 
in the company streets and in less than two hours every 
tent was down and the poles and stakes piled and the ropes 
neatly coiled. It was admitted by many visitors informed 
in military atfairs that regular army soldiers could have 
done little better. 

The final evening parade of the encampment was an im- 
pressive spectacle. The men were in heavy marching order 
and as the band played a martial air the volunteers passed 
in review before Major Lanard and his Staff. Compared 
with their initial marching in company formation, the men 
had improved wonderfully. 

After the review, the men then boarded trolley cars at 
Broomall and changed at Sixty-ninth Street Union Station 
to subway trains. They detrained at Eleventh and Market 
Streets and proceeded to the Armory. There they returned 
their uniforms and donned their citizens' clothing. 

Each man received an honorable discharge as the substan- 
tial recognition of his efforts at the camp. 

The following is one of many letters received after the 
Broomall encampment : 

Dear Major: 

After three days in camp with the Feneibles, having become a full- 
fledged soldier in that time, I felt that I should express my thanks to 
them through you for their invitation to accompany them. Not only 



92 CITIZENS' TRAINING CAMP 1915 

was my camp experience most pleasant, but I think that it was highly 
profitable, and I have a very kindly feeling indeed for the State 
Fencibles. I shall be glad to be called on at any time for any ser- 
vices I can render to them. 

With personal regards, I remain 

Yours very truly, 

Hovs^ARD Kirk. 

At the end of the camp many of the men who participated 
desired to continue their training during the winter at the 
Fencibles' Armory, and in order to enlarge this movement, 
a company was formed to admit all persons without enlist- 
ment for training. An invitation was also extended to the 
Plattsburg students to join. 

HEADQUARTERS 

INFANTRY BATTALION STATE FENCIBLES 

Philadelphia. 

General Leonard Wood, 

Plattsburg, N. Y. 
Sir: 

I have read with considerable interest of the number of distinguished 
citizens from Philadelphia who have taken advantage of the extra- 
ordinary opportunity oifered to acquire the fundamental principles 
of soldiery at your camp. 

I have the honor to command the above organization, the only one 
of its kind in Pennsylvania, wherein a man may continue his military 
training without becoming regularly enlisted, and yet enjoy all the 
benefit of the experience gained by those who are regularly enlisted and 
who report regularly for drill. 

I desire to extend through you, to all men present in camp who 
reside in and about Philadelphia, an invitation to visit our Armory 
and become acquainted with us as an associate or regular member. 

Very respectfully, 

Thomas S. Lanard, 

Major. 

Plattsburg, N. Y., August 20th, 1915. 
My Dear Major Lanard: 

Your letter of August 18th received. I thank you very much for the 
invitation so courteously extended and I am posting your letter on 
the bulletin board, so it will be brought to the attention of the camp. 

Sincerely yours, 

Leonard Wood. 



1915 DINNER TO NEWSPAPER MEN 93 

The success of tlie Broomall camp, as has many times 
been stated by the officers of the Fencibles, depended largely 
upon the newspaper publicity given the movement. 

The Fencibles have always received their share of news- 
paper publicity and criticism. Both favorable and unfavor- 
able comments have frequently appeared in the columns of 
the public press. Therefore, when the camp was first sug- 
gested, preparedness being a popular movement at that 
time, the newspapers devoted more space to the camp than 
the officers of the Fencibles had anticipated. 

Shortly after the close of the encampment, on the evening 
of October 7th, the Board of Officers tendered a testimonial 
dinner at the Armory to the newspaper reporters assigned 
to the Citizens' Camp at Broomall. The dinner was well 
attended by the officers and friends of the Fencibles. 

The following gentlemen represented the Philadelphia 
newspapers at the Broomall camp : 

Walter George Long, the North American; J. Russel 
Young, the Evening Ledger; Graham Starr, the Record; 
Mr. Phillips, the Press; Paul J. McGahan,* the Inquirer; 
Mr. Cappelli, the Evening Telegraph, and Carol Mirkil, the 
Morning Ledger. 

Photographers represented the papers as follows : 

Robert Longacre and Joseph Owens, the Liquirer; Ben 
Arminger, the North American; Sam Meyers, the Press; 
J. A. Bergey, the Evening Ledger ; William Reedf or. Even- 
ing Telegraph; Harry Hood, the Morning Ledger, and W. 
Clark, the Evening Bulletin. 



•Elected later as an honorary member of State Fencibles. Served In World War. 



CHAPTER VI. 

Current Events 1915-1916. 
parade centennial legion anniversary reception at wana- 

MAKEr's 102d ANNIVERSARY FENCIBLES 278tH ANNIVER- 
SARY ANCIENT AND HONORABLE ARTILLERY FOURTH OF JULY 

CELEBRATION, 1915 DEATH OF MAJOR WITHERUP — CAMP AT 

BROOMALL GENERAL WOODING 's VISIT TO PHILADELPHIA 

DEATH OF MRS. STONEWALL JACKSON ANNUAL DINNER BOARD 

OF DIRECTORS DEATH OF CAPTAIN PACKER RECEPTION TO 

MAYOR SMITH 103d ANNIVERSARY OF FENCIBLES — SECOND 

MEXICAN CRISIS FENCIBLES VOLUNTEER FOURTH OF JULY, 

1916 CELEBRATION RECEPTION TO THE N. G. P. RETURNING 

FROM MEXICO — PRESENTATION OF MEMORIAL TABLET ARTICLE 

BY "pENN" of THE BULLETIN. 

The first event of importance in the year 1915 was a 
parade to observe the Anniversary of the Fencibles' ap- 
pointment to the Centennial Legion March 8th, 1876. 

With a street parade and exercises in the Armory, the 
Fencibles celebrated the Thirty-ninth Anniversary of its 
appointment by Governor Hartranft to represent the Com- 
monwealth of Pennsylvania in the Centennial Legion. 

A newspaper said of this event : 

Wearing service uniforms of olive drab and escorted by the Old 
Guard and a platoon of mounted police, the Infantry Battalion State 
Fencibles marched through the central part of the city last night in 
honor of the Thirty-ninth Anniversary of the appointment of the 
organization by the late Governor Hartranft to represent the Com- 
monwealth of Pennsylvania in the Centennial Legion. Members of the 
Old Guard made a striking appearance in their uniforms, and the 
Active Command, carrying rifles and dressed in snug fitting overcoats, 
drew much applause from their friends and admirers along the line 
of march. 

The Centennial Legion was organized at the suggestion 
of Major George W. McLean, of the Old Guard of New 

94 



1915 CENTENNIAL LEGION— EUTAW FLAG 95 

York. It had for its oriij^inal purpose the celebration of the 
Centennial in Philadelphia in 1876. The Legion is com- 
posed of the following organizations: Fayetteville Light 
Infantry, of North Carolina, organized 1793; Boston Light 
Infantry, of Massachusetts, 1798; Washington Light In- 
fantry, South Carolina, 1807 ; State Fencibles, Pennsylvania, 
1813 ; New Haven Grays, Connecticut, 1816 ; First Light In- 
fantry Regiment, 1818; Old Guard of New York, 1826; Nor- 
folk Light Artillery Blues, Virginia, 1828; Clinch Rifles, of 
Georgia, 1852 ; Amoskeag Veterans, New Hampshire, 1854 ; 
Fifth Infantry, I\Iaryland National Guard, 1866; Phil Kear- 
ney Guards, New Jersey, 1868; American Rifles of Dela- 
ware, 1875. 

The colors of the Legion are the Colonial flag, the United 
States colors and the celebrated Eutaw flag.* The latter 
belonged to the Washington Light Infantry and has a very 
interesting history. In 1827 the widow of Colonel William 
Washingtonf selected this company to be the custodian of 
her husband's battle flag, "Tarleton's Terror," and from 
that time the flag has never been out of the possession of 
that Company. 

During Colonel Washington's campaign in Carolina he 
visited the home of Miss Elliott (who afterwards became 
Mrs. Washington), and she, learning that he had no flag 
for his troops, seized her scissors and cut out a crimson 
square of silk which embellished the back of her chair, say- 
ing, '^Let this be your flag." 

Since 1876 the Fencibles have on every occasion, when 
the Legion has been called together, represented the citizen 
soldier of Pennsylvania. In 1911 the Legion met in Atlanta 
to celebrate the unveiling of the Peace Monument of the 
Old Guard of the Gate City Guard; in 1912 at New Haven 
to celebrate New Haven Day, and 1913 in Philndelphia to 
celebrate the One Hundredth Anniversary of the Fencibles. 

The Command on March 8, left the Armory escorted by 
mounted police and the Old Guard of the State Fencibles, 

and marched south on Broad Street, to Walnut, counter- 

• — 

•Eutaw Springs. South Carolina, September 8, 1781, was the last battle on a southern field 
during the Revolution. 

f Wounded and captured In Eutaw Springs battle. 



96 CUERENT EVENTS 1915 

marching to Cliestnut, to Seventh, to Market, to Juniper 
Street, to Armory, where appropriate ceremonies were held. 

On Friday evening, Marcli 26th, 1915, the officers in a body 
attended the Anniversary reception and review of the 
Wanamaker Commercial Institute Regiment at the Wana- 
maker Store. 

The Regiment was reviewed by Gen. Albert L. Mills, 
Chief of Militia Affairs U. S. A., and later in the evening 
a banquet was served in the Tea Room of the Wanamaker 
Store. 

In April Albert Ruley, private Company A, an amateur 
sculptor, presented to the Command a bust in clay of Cap- 
tain Packer.* 

On May 26th the Fencibles celebrated its 102d Annivei"- 
sary with a street parade and banquet. In their brilliant 
uniforms of red coats, gold trimmings, blue trousers, white 
spats and huge bearskin shakos, and with the Fencibles' 
Band, the Battalion made a gay showing under gray skies. 
Two platoons of the Old Guard, commanded by Major 
Emanuel Furth, acted as an escort of honor. 

The route of the parade led from the Armory at Broad 
and Race Streets, south on Broad Street to Pine, to Six- 
teenth, to Chestnut, to Broad and return to the Armory, 
where the parade was dismissed, and the equipment hastily 
stowed away. In light marching order, all then marched 
to the banquet hall at the Hotel Continental. 

The following responded at the banquet to toasts: Rev. 
Charles M. Boswell, Hon. William Gleason, Captain 
Schaffer of the Old Guard, Daniel W. Lanard, Captains 
Packer, Dunn, Garcia, Greene, Porter and others. Major 
Lanard acted as toastmaster. 

On June 7th several of the officers left Philadelphia to 
attend the 278th Anniversary of the Ancient and Honor- 
able Artillery Company of Massachusetts at Faneuil Hall, 
Boston. 

On June 18th the officers in a body attended the Spring 
maneuvers of the Wanamaker Commercial Institute Regi- 
ment at Franklin Field. Tlie Regiment was reviewed by 

*See page 104. 



lOlS" DINNER— ELECTION— LETTER 97 

Major General Leonard Wood and innnediately after the 
parade all the oflieers were taken in automobiles to the 
AVanamaker Store, where dinner was served. 

On June 25th an election was ordered for Captain and 
First Lieutenant, Company B. Captain E. E. Packer was 
detailed to conduct the election which resulted as follows: 
For Captain, Thomas T. Tinney; for First Lieutenant, 
Arthur M. Ford. 

The celebration of the Fourth of July, 1915, was an event 
in the history of the City of Philadelphia, and it was during 
that ])eriod the litigation was pending regarding tlie lease 
of the Armory. There were very few persons at this time 
in the City of Philadelphia who had courage enough to pub- 
licly array themselves under the banner of the Fencibles. 

That certain influence was brought to bear to prevent the 
Fencibles' from gaining any publicity or popular sympathy 
may be gathered from the following letter, which was in 
reply to one sent to ascertain the reason why the Fencibles 
had not been invited to participate : 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

Philadelphia, June 11th, 1915. 
Major Thomas S. Lanard, 

Bailey Building, Phila. 
Dear Sir: 

In reply to yours of the 7th inst., would say, that the Committee 
in charge of the celebration have decided that no organization will be 
permitted in the line of escort excepting the First City Troop and the 
Third Regiment of the First Brigade, N. G. P. 

Very truly yours, 

John H. Baizly, 

Chairman. 

Li this connection it may be well to turn the pages of this 
history to the period of July, 1916, and subsequent events 
when the Fencibles had won its battle for the Armory and 
see the decided change in ''official opinion." 

On August 20 Leonard B. Johnston was elected Lieuten- 
ant Company B. On September 10th the officers attended 
the banquet at Hotel Walton in honor of the Sixteenth 
National Encampment of the National Corps of the Army 



gg CURRENT EVENTS 1915 

and Navy Union of U. S. of America. An invitation was 
later received to attend the 117th Anniversary of the Boston 
Light Infantry Veteran Corps on October 18th. 

Major William A. Witherup, former Commander of the 
State Fencibles, and a veteran of the Civil War, died at his 
home, 1937 North Seventeenth Street, after a short illness. 

Major Witherup was born in Troy, N. Y., and was edu- 
cated in the public schools of Cincinnati, Ohio. He left the 
Hughes High School, after three years' attendance, to en- 
list in Company D, First Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Septem- 
ber 9th, 1861, and was discharged with the regiment August 
26th, 1864. 

During his active service he participated in a number of 
engagements in the Southwest with the army of the Cum- 
berland. He was taken prisoner on December 31st, 1862, 
at the Battle of Murfreesboro, Tenn., was afterwards 
paroled and was exchanged. He was twice wounded at the 
storming of Missionary Kidge on November 25th, 1863. 

In 1878 Major Witherup enlisted in Company A of the 
State Fencibles, and was promoted to Corporal in Septem- 
ber, 1879. He was appointed Second Lieutenant in 1881; 
First Lieutenant in 1882 and Captain on June 2d, 1890, 
being the senior captain in the Battalion. Subsequently he 
was elected Major, which position he held until his retire- 
ment. 

Major Witherup was a member of E. D. Baker Post No. 8, 
G. A. R., and a member of Encampment No. 20, Union 
Veteran Legion. 

The funeral services were held on Wednesday at 2 o'clock 
from his home. Members of Apollo Lodge No. 386, F. and 
A. M. ; Harmony R. A. Chapter No. 52, Mary Commandry 
No. 36, Knights Templar ; Lulu Temple ; members of the Old 
Guard of the State Fencibles and of the Active Command ; 
the Ohio Society and the Grand Army organizations at- 
tended the services. Interment was made in I\^ Hill Ceme- 
tery. 

September 3d the Battalion left the City for a tour of 
camp duty at Broomall, where they remained until the even- 
ing of September 7th. 



1915 PARADES— LJ{;TTI:R— ELECTION 99 

Oil October 18th, 1915, Company D represented the State 
Feiicibles in the Tioga Business Men's Association Parade 
held on the evening of that date. 

The following letter was later received by the Command- 
ing Oflicer from the President of the Association : 

Dear Sir: 

Accept our sincere thanks for your generous acceptance of our in- 
vitation to parade, and the grand turnout you gave us on the night of 
the 18th inst. Your lines were a crowning feature of our parade, and 
wo assure you more than appreciated by our association and the local 
citizens. 

Wishing j^ou and your organization unbounded success, and again 
thanking you, we are 

Very respectfully, 

Wilbur H. Zimmerman, 

President. 

On October 28th, 1915, James Murphy was elected Cap- 
tain and J. Clayton Ursbruch First Lieutenant Company C. 

November 13th Company A paraded at Wissinoming at 
the unveiling of a "Maine Memorial Tablet" at the General 
Lawton School, under the auspices of the Wissinoming Im- 
provement Association, and Col. Heath Garrison No. 133, 
Army and Navy Union. 

The tablet was one of many authorized by Congress,* 
designed and manufactured by the Navy Department from 
metals recovered from that ill-fated battleship Maine, de- 
stroyed in the Havana Harbor 1898, which event led to the 
Spanish-American War. The school bore the name of one 
of our foremost Generals, one who gave up his life following 
the flag in the far off Philippine Islands. Many public- 
spirited citizens were interested in the celebration. The 
Fencibles participated at the request of the Hon. Peter E. 
Costello.f 

In 1911 the Fencibles on its return from Atlanta, Georgia, 
where it had participated in the ceremonies incident to the 
unveiling of the Peace Monument by the Old Guard of the 

•One presented to State Fencibles by the Old Guard of the City of Philadelphia. See page 121. 
fMr. dostello, as a member of CounciLs, very materially aided the Fencibles in its flght for the 
Armory In 1914-15. 



100 CURRENT EVENTS 1915 

Gate City Guard, stopped at Damdlle, Va., where they were 
entertained by the Mayor, General Harry Wooding and the 
citizens generally. 

In the latter part of 1915 the Mayor of Danville visited 
Philadelphia and attended a banquet at the Bellevue-Strat- 
ford Hotel, and a newspaper commenting on this event, 
said, inter alia: 

Brigadier General Harry Wooding, of Danville, Va., one of the 
surviving generals of General Lee's Staff, was forceful in his allu- 
sions to the regard in which Philadelphia is held in the South. He 
spoke with great feeling on the anniversary celebration when the Blue 
and the Gray were re-united on the battlefield at Gettysburg last 
Summer, and praised the great thought behind that great celebration. 

To Mr. Cattell he paid the highest of tribute in the picturesque 
cordiality of the true Southerner. In praising Philadelphia, he said he 
was but paying proper tribute. He explained that he had been Mayor 
of Danville for twenty-one years and that the town was historic 
because it was the last capital of the Confederacy. 

"Your own State Fencibles came there and captured it in three 
hours," he added, "and my most cherished possession is my honorary 
membership in your own municipal militia.* 

I shall always keep it and shall hand it down to my children as a 
heritage of honor." 

Another event which followed this, which recalled the 
Fencibles' visit to Atlanta was the death of Mrs. Stonewall 
Jackson. 

The death of Mrs. Stonewall Jacksonf recalls an incident 
of her closing years illustrative of the proverbial courtesy 
of the South. When the State Fencibles made their trip to 
Georgia in the Fall of 1911 to attend the dedication of the 
** Peace Monument" erected in Atlanta by the Gate City 
Guard, one of the cities visited en route was Charlotte, 
where Mrs. Jackson resided. Upon their arrival at that 
pretty little city of North Carolina, which boasts of its 
progressiveness and a touch of the western "boom" spirit, 
coupled with the easy-going atmosphere of the "Sunny 

*GeneraI Wooding was elected an honorary member of the State Fencibles in 1911, after Its 
visit to Danville. 

f General Jackson's real name was "Thomas Jonathan Jackson" and It was after the Bull Run 
flght. where It was said that owing to their rigid steadiness at the critical moment of the battle 
that the historic name of "Stonewall" was given him and his brigade. 



1915 DEATH OF MRS. STONEWALL JACKSON JQl 

South," the Battalion was received by a military escort and 
marched through the main street, to the delight of thousands 
who had turned out to greet them.* 

As the Fencibles, arrayed in their brilliant uniforms and 
huge shakos, were marching along the wide thoroughfare 
leading to the station, the Mayor of Charlotte, who was rid- 
ing with Dr. Edward J. Cattell, of Philadelphia, called atten- 
tion to a modest but comfortable dwelling which stood well 
back from the street and remarked that it was the home of 
Charlotte's ''First Lady," Mrs. Stonewall Jackson. Im- 
mediately Dr. Cattell caused word to be passed along to 
Major Brazer, the Commander of the Fencibles' Battalion, 
and the Fencibles were halted, swung into line, arms pre- 
sented, and the band blared forth the salute of the North to 
Mrs. Jackson. A crowd of the citizens of Charlotte cheered 
this little tribute of the Fencibles, and although but a small 
act of military courtesy, it was widely commented on by 
newspapers, not only in Charlotte, but in many sections of 
the South. 

Charlotte Dailjj Observer, October 13th, 1911, in speaking 
of tiic incident, said: 

A marked evidence of the unusual spirit of the Fencibles was their 
action as they passed the home of Mrs. Stonewall Jackson, on West 
Trade Street, on their return to the depot. Lining up in front of the 
residence of the widow of the distinguished Southern General, the 
Battalion uncovered, while the band played ' ' Dixie ' ' and ' ' The Star- 
Spangled Banner. ' ' 

It will be long before the City has visitors more acceptable than 
the State Fencibles of the City of Philadelphia. 

At the time the Fencibles paid their respects to Mrs. 
Jackson they understood that the reason she had not come 
forward to respond to the salute was due to her enfeebled 
condition. As a matter of fact, however, Mrs. Jackson was 
not in the house at the time, being absent in another part of 
the city. But Mrs. Jackson found an opportunity more than 
a year later to express her appreciation of the tribute of the 
Fencibles. 

•For account of this trip see "State Fencibles and Its Visit to Atlanta and Other Southern 
Cities, 1911 by Lanard." 



102 CURRENT EVENTS 1915 

In the following year, when a Trade Expansion tour was 
sent out from Philadelphia to visit Southern cities, one of 
the places selected was Charlotte. When the Philadel- 
phians, more than seventy in mimber, arrived there, they 
were surprised by a visit paid to their train by a gentle- 
man who announced himself as a relative of Mrs. Stonewall 
Jackson, and who said that at her command he had brought 
with him a card for each member of the party containing 
the greetings of Mrs. Jackson and bearing her autograph, 
while he also presented an autograph card of greetings and 
thanks for Philadelphia's tribute, which Mrs. Jackson sent 
with the request that it be presented to the Mayor of Phila- 
delphia as an appreciation of the tribute the Fencibles had 
paid her months before. 

At the beginning of the Civil War Mrs. Jackson had been 
married but a few years, when Jackson left for the front.* 
She visited him at Winchester in the winter of 1861 and 
there spent three months in camp with him, and then re- 
turned to Charlotte and later bore him a "war daughter." 
In the Spring of 1863 she had taken the daughter to the 
front to see the General and immediately on her return 
to North Carolina she was summoned to the front to attend 
the w^ounded General, and after three days spent at his bed- 
side, watched him die in the little log cabin at Wilderness 
Run. She was at his bedside when he turned to her and in 
his delirium cried out, "Order A. P. Hill to prepare for 
action. Pass the Infantry to the front. Tell Major 
Hawke — " and stopping a moment, resumed, "Let us cross 
over the river and rest under the shade of the trees." 

On Thursday evening, December 9th, 1915, a military re- 
ception was tendered Major Thomas S. Lanard by the Bat- 
talion at the Armory. The reception was held at 8:30 
o'clock and was followed by a dance at 9 o'clock. Later in 
the evening an exhibition drill was given by Company B 
under Captain Thomas F. Tinney. The music for the dance 
was furnished by an orchestra from Company B under the 
direction of Victor Clarke. 

*This Mrs. Jackson was nee, Mary Anna Morrison, a daughter of a North Carolina clergyman. 
She was the General's second wife. 



191G INVITATION— INSPECTION IQO 

At the close of the annual meeting of the Board of Direc- 
tors of tlie Infantry Corps State Fencibles, on Thursday 
evening, December 15th, the directors tendered a dinner to 
all tlie officers and non-commissioned officers of the Bat- 
talion at lianscom's Banquet Hall, 929 Market Street. 

The Commanding Officer outlined a general plan for the 
work of the Battalion for 191G, including the details for the 
proposed citizens' training camp. It was suggested that 
the Battalion should go into camp for one month, beginning- 
June 17th until July 15th,* the Commandant and Staff to 
remain in camp for the entire time. Each week one com- 
pany of the Fencibles to go into camp, together with 250 
citizen soldiers. This plan would afford 1000 citizens an 
opportunity to secure one week's instruction. 

The Entertainment Committee outlined their plans for 
the season, consisting of dances, smokers, moonlight excur- 
sions, etc. The President of the Non-Commissioned Officers' 
Association pledged the support of the non-commissioned 
officers toward the upbuilding of a reserve fund to be used 
for the visit to New Haven in September, 1916. f 

During the month of January, 1916, an invitation was re- 
ceived from the 102d Regiment (old 13th) Pennsylvania 
Veteran Volunteer Association, Washington Infantry, to be 
present at the exercises and unveiling of a large Infantry 
Regimental Bronze Memorial Tablet, erected by the citizens 
of Allegheny County, under the direction of the County 
Commissioners and the Veteran Committee in charge of 
Memorial Hall on Tuesday, February 29th, 1916, at 8 P. M. 
The tablet contained the names of 1209 soldiers of Alle- 
gheny County, who served in the 102d Regiment. The total 
number serving from 1861 to 1865 w^as 2241. 

The annual inspection of the Battalion held on Thursday 
evening, January 27th, 1916, was a success from every stand- 
point. The Inspector, Director of Public Safety, looked like 
an old "vet" the way he handled the rifles, and his critical 
eye missed nothing. The band played well, the companies 

I Date postponed on account ot the war. 

•This camp was held but for ten days only, owing to the lack ot recruits. 



204 QUERENT EVENTS 1916 

looked their usual high standard, and the presence of the 
Old Guard, with their band, gave a toucli of dignity to the 
occasion, seldom seen at an inspection. The companies were 
congratulated on the splendid showing they made. 

On January 31st, 1916, J. Clayton Ursbruch tendered his 
resignation as First Lieutenant, Company C. 

An invitation was received by the Commanding Officer 
and the officers of the Command to a reception tendered 
Major John B. Kennedy of the Second Company, Gover- 
nor's Foot Guard at New Haven, Conn., on Wednesday 
evening, February 19th, 1916. 

After a lingering illness, Superintendent of the Armory, 
Captain Edward E. Packer, died at his residence on Sunday, 
February 6th, 1916, peacefully in the presence of his fam- 
ily. This was a severe affliction for his family, and also a 
great loss to the Battalion. From early manhood his in- 
clinations and pursuits were of a military character, and 
due to his energy and perseverance was to a great degree, 
the success of the State Fencibles. 

His death was formally announced to the Battalion under 
the following order : 

Orders No. 6. 

The Commanding Officer announces the death of Captain Edward 
E. Packer on Sunday, the 6th instant. 

In the death of this ever faithful and loyal member, the Command 
has sustained a severe loss, for, during his long term of service, 
he has, by his devotion to duty, his enthusiasm for the maintenance 
of the time-honored Command, and his manly and courageous action 
upon many occasions, while in service of the City, State and Nation, 
endeared himself to the hearts of his comrades and the many friends 
of this organization. 

On October 4th, 1853, he enlisted as a private in Company A, 
and was appointed Sergeant in 1857. At the outbreak of the Civil 
War he served with the State Fencibles and was assigned to the 
Eighteenth Regiment, Pa. Vol. Later he enlisted in the Twenty-sixth 
Pa. Vol., in which Regiment he served for the balance of the war. 
In March, 1871, he was commissioned Second Lieutenant Company 
A, State Fencibles, and in January, 1875, First Lieutenant. At the 
formation of the Battalion in 1878, he was elected Captain. He was 
commissioned Captain of Company C in June, 1883, and Battalion 



1916 FUNERAL OF CAPTAIN PACKER IQ5 

Quartermaster in April, 1895. At the outbreak of the Spanish- Ameri- 
can War, he volunteered his services, but was rejected owing to his 
age. Immediately on his return to Philadelphia he was elected Cap- 
tain of Company I, Twentieth Regiment. In October on the return of 
the Fencibles from the Spanish-American War he was commissioned 
Captain and Battalion Quartermaster. 

Ho participated in all the prominent events in the history of the 
Fencibles from the date of his enlistment to the present time, and 
was regarded as a zealous and efficient soldier. The loss of this 
faithful and efficient officer will be greatly felt by this Command, 
and his memory will be cherished by all who had the good fortune 
to know him. 

As a mark of respect the flag over the Armory will be at half 
staff until after the funeral; and as a further evidence of the esteem 
in which he was held by this Command, the Battalion will parade 
as funeral escort, which will take place from the Armory on Thurs- 
day, the 10th instant at 2 'clock P. M. 

By order of 

Thomas S. Lanard, 

Major Commanding. 

The following funeral order was later published: 

February 8th, 1916. 
Orders No. 8. 

1. The funeral of the late Captain Edward E. Packer will take 
place at the Armory on Thursday, February 10th at 2 P. M. The body 
will be on view in the room of Company A from 11 A. M. until 
2 P. M. 

2. Lieutenant C. C. Coleman, Company A, is hereby detailed as 
Officer of the Guard. 

3. Company A will furnish as Guard, two men in blue fatigue 
uniform. 

Company B — two men, dress uniform. 

Company C — two men, service uniform, campaign hat, blanket 
roll, poncho and haversack. 

Company D — two men, olive drab, fatigue. 

4. The Officer of the Guard will report to the Commanding Officer 
for instructions. 

On Thursday, the day of the funeral, the Armory was 
crowded with his many friends and family. The entire 
Command responded to the order for parade. 

The services held at the Armory were as follows : 

1. Prayer— Chaplain H. A. F. Hoyt. 

2. Selection — State Fencibles Band. 



IQQ CURRENT EVENTS 1916 

3. Address — Major Thomas S. Lanard. 

4. Song — Oswald Blake. 

5. Address — Major Emanuel Furth. 

6. Selection — State Fencibles Band. 

7. Services — Chaplain Hoyt. 

8. Song — Oswald Blake. 

The Old Guard State Fencibles acted as pallbearers and 
the Battalion as funeral escort. Interment was at Wood- 
land Cemetery, where appropriate military ceremonies were 
held. 

Major Lanard in his address said in part as follows:* 

Comrades and friends, we have met here today to perform a duty, 
the character of which is the saddest that ever comes in the life 
of a soldier. I therefore feel that it is eminently fitting for me to 
say a few words on behalf of the Command I have the honor to repre- 
sent, of a man who spent over half a century in its service. 

In 1813 when a cruel war threatened to tear our country asunder, 
there was organized in Philadelphia a military command, which 
later became known as the State Fencibles. Among its first mem- 
bers were such distinguished citizens as Joseph IngersoU, Clement 
Biddle, Hartman Kuhn and others of the first families of this city. 
Notwithstanding the fact that the country was badly in need of troops, 
the Fencibles would muster no man, of whose character or moral 
standing there could be any question. When they returned from that 
war that high standard of citizenship, so established, was considered 
the primary requisite of each applicant. 

It was not long before there was called to command, a young 
and distinguished citizen, James Page, a man v.'hose high standing 
as a citizen, his gentlemanly deportment and moral courage was the 
theme of universal applause. It was while the Fencibles were so 
prudently commanded that our dearly beloved Captain Packer was ad- 
mitted to the ranks as a private. It did not take long for that able 
Commander, Captain Page, to recognize the worth of this courageous 
youth and in a very short time we find him appointed Sergeant, from 
Sergeant to Second Lieutenant, then to First Lieutenant and later to 
Captain. 

He served with his Command in all the important events in its 
history for sixty-three years. He marched away to the Civil War of 
'61 to '65. He participated in the riots of '77 and '92, and at the 
outbreak of the Spanish-American War, although long past the age 
limit, and suffering from infirmities which exposure during campaign 
might mean certain death, yet notwithstanding all this, he marched 
away with this Command and there on the field at Mount Gretna stood 



•Published at the request of the family. 



1916 FUNERAL ORATION— LETTER IQJ 

patiently, with his hat in his hand, and a tear in his eye, prayin<; 
to his God, that the Government would accept his tender of service. 

Not to be baffled by his rejection, he came back to the Armory and 
was elected an officer in the Twentieth Regiment of Pennsylvania 
Reserves, willing to again take his chance in the event of a second 
call. ***** 

In all the events during the past fifteen years, when the tide of time 
was fast telling on his brow, he entered into the spirit of every occasion 
with an enthusiasm which marvelled all who had the good fortune to ob- 
serve him. 

Ho was a Fenciblo at heart, he was a Fencible by nature. This 
was his life, he lived not, but for the Fcnciblcs. He has been with the 
Command in the days of its prosperity, and the days of adversity and 
sorrow. He has seen the days of peace and of war, and he has been 
marching and marching on, keeping in time with the coming of each 
generation, entirely forgetful of the fact that each passing year 
was drawing him closer to his last roll call. ***** 

It was my privilege to stand by his bedside a few days ago, when 
the tide of life was ebbing away like the fading sun, and his light 
was fast growing dim, and with tears in his eyes and hardly strength 
enough to speak the words, his thoughts were of boys at the 

Soon the bugle call will sound assembly, that call which he so loved 
to hear, and with muffled drums our slow and dreary march will begin. 
We shall take him as a soldier, from whence he came, for as from 
earth he came to us, so to earth shall he return. And e'er the 
shades of night shall fall, the stars one by one will appear, and stand 
out as sentinels to watch over his silent form; to us of this earth 
there shall remain only a sweet memory of a man we had so long 
learned to love; but there shall ever be written in our hearts close 
by his name, " Spectemvr Agendo." Tried by his actions he was 
ever faithful to the Fencibles. ***** 

A short time after the funeral the following letters were 
received from the family : 

Dear Major Lanard: 

Please accept this acknowledgment of our grateful appreciation of 
the honor you and those under your Command conferred on my brother. 
Captain Packer. Your beautiful tribute to his worth will ever remain 
with us, a precious memory of the esteem in which he was held by 
those who knew him best. 

Gratefully yours, 

Ida E. Packer. 



IQQ CURRENT EVENTS 1916 

To the Infantry Battalion State Fencibles, 

Broad and Race Streets, 

Philadelphia, Pa. 

The surviving members of the family of the late Captain Edward E. 
Packer, appreciating the services of your organization on the occasion 
of his funeral obsequies, desire to place upon your records acknowl- 
edgment of your kindly action. 

Every feature of the affectionate tribute comes to us with grateful 
recollection, and the memory of the sad occasion will always be to us 
a reminder that our beloved parent, to a very great extent, accom- 
plished the purpose which kept him in close touch with your Command 
for so many years. 

His whole soul and being seemed to be absorbed in the good of the 
Fencibles, and the closing moments of his life were enshrouded in 
memories of his comradeship with the Order. 

To all who took part in the wonderful tribute of remembrance and 
affection we offer our deepest gratitude, and especially do we wish 
to make mention of the pleasing addresses of Major Lanard, whose 
account of the life and services of the Captain were accurate and 
well timed, while the discourse of Major Furth was a charming com- 
pliment embodied in scholarly diction and splendid personal regard. 

The lesson of our Father's life teaches us that it was well spent, 
and that the good he did during his long, useful and unselfish care'er 
shall not be without its future reward. 

The most important social event of the year was a recep- 
tion tendered Mayor Thomas B. Smith at the Armory on 
Tuesday evening, February 15th, 1916. The invitation to 
this affair was as follows : 

INFANTRY BATTALION STATE FENCIBLES 

AND 

THE OLD GUARD STATE FENCIBLES 

Request the Honor of Your Presence 

at the 

MILITARY RECEPTION 

To Be Tendered the 

MAYOR OF THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA 

and 

MRS. THOMAS B. SMITH 

at the Armory 

Broad and Race Streets, Philadelphia 

Tuesday Evening, February 15th, 1916 

at Nine o 'Clock. 



1916 RECEPTION TO MAYOR SMITH 1QQ 

Never before in the history of any military commaiul were 
so many people assembled where the spirit of good fellow- 
ship and loyalty was in evidence as was displayed at this 
reception. Everybody wanted to meet the Mayor, no person 
missed the opportunity to fall in line and shake hands with 
him. 

The affair opened with a reception at headquarters, where 
the Mayor was received by the Commandant and his Staff 
and Major Furth, of the Old Guard and his Staff. 

The Mayor was then escorted to a private box on the drill 
floor and then followed a parade and review by the entire 
Battalion. Company B then gave an exhibition drill, which 
was followed by the general reception to the Mayor. Later 
in the evening a grand military march was formed. In 
speaking of this march, the Philadelphia Press said, inter 
alia: 

Mayor Smith, acting as a platoon commander in the military march 
at the State Fencibles' reception m his honor on Tuesday night, fea- 
tured the event. With military dignity and a good swinging step, 
he marshalled his charges down the drill floor amid the plaudits of 
at least five hundred spectators. 

The State Fencibles, although a municipal military organization, 
does things and always makes a success of any undertaking. The 
affair on Tuesday night was one of them. It gave a military ball and 
reception that was spectacular from every angle. Military guests 
wearing all styles of gorgeous uniforms, and beautifully gowned 
women made an inspiring sight. There were the distinctive uniforms 
of the State Fencibles, the Old Guard State Fencibles, the Morris 
Guards of Atlantic City, the Old Guard, City of Philadelphia, the 
Did Guard, Second Infantry, N. G. P.; the Veteran Guard, Third 
Infantry, A. N. G. P.; Company B, Engineers, N. G. P., and the 
National Guard of Pennsylvania, which was represented by both 
officers and men. The most unique uniform noticed was that of the 
Old Guard State Fencibles' Drum Corps. 

The Commandant and officers of the State Fencibles en- 
tertained First Lieutenant Hattie, of the U. S. A., at dinner 
during the week following the reception. The Lieutenant 
was a guest of Captain and Surgeon Greene and made a 
host of friends while in this city. He wa.s present also at 
the reception to the Mayor. 



IIQ CURRENT EVENTS 1916 

Lieutenant T. AV. Shaw, of Company D, received from 
Lieutenant H. A. Daniels, a member of the First Light In- 
fantry Regiment, Providence, R. I., a collection of posters 
that were being used in Canada to obtain recruits. They 
are very interesting and were placed on display in the 
Armory. 

On March 14th, 1916, the Fencibles received an invitation 
to attend the Twenty-ninth Anniversary of the Morris 
Guards at the Hotel Traymore, Atlantic City, N. J. 

An Atlantic City paper said : 

Old and helpful acquaintances with the State Fencibles was re- 
newed by the Morris Guards Saturday night, March 18th, when the 
latter held their annual banquet in this city at the Hotel Traymore. 

The State Fencibles is an organization much like the Morris Guards, 
only, of couTse, more aged. They began their independent military 
training in the infancy of the Republic, and their organization and 
their preparation proved of great service to the cause of the Union 
in the sixties. Today the Old Guard in the Fencibles has retreated 
before the grim advances of Father Time, but the organization num- 
bers young men who are highly creditable to the distinguished reputa- 
tion of the famous Pennsylvania organization and which maintains 
the activities of the Broad Street Armory much like the Morris Guards 
keep things stepping at the local armory. All hope that the country 
may never need the services of these independent organizations in the 
horrible business of war. Yet none knows how soon it may need their 
services. In the past the very salvation and sovereignty of the Nation 
have depended to a large extent on the bravery, courage and efficiency 
of the citizen soldiery, and the chances are that it shall always so 
depend, for the sentiment of America is unalterably opposed to the 
large standing army of professional troops. 

Some years ago the Morris Guards were proud to participate in the 
magnificent parade of the State Fencibles in Philadelphia. Only this 
winter a delegation from the Atlantic City Company attended the 
inaugural ball tendered by the Fencibles to the Mayor of Philadel- 
phia. It was a pleasing exchange of courtesies to entertain the officers 
of the Fencibles in Atlantic City, and the banquet proved of more 
than ordinary importance and pleasure because of this feature. 

On March 16th, 1916, John Moe was elected First Lieuten- 
ant, Company C. 

On Monday evening, March 27th, the officers of the State 
Fencibles were present at the military review and reception 
tendered Major General John F. O'Ryan, Commanding 



1916 INVITATIONS— ANNIVERSARY HI 

National Guard of New York, and officers of the United 
States Army and Navy, Marine Corps and National Gnard 
of Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Maryland and 
Delaware, given by the John Wanamaker Commercial In- 
stitute in observance of its Twenty-fifth Anniversary, in the 
Armory in the Wanamaker Store. About 600 guests were 
present. 

On Marcli 291h, 1916, an invitation was received from the 
Wildwood Yacht Club of Wildwood, New Jersey, to camp 
there during the Summer of 1916, but owing to the arrange- 
ment for the encampment at Neshaminy Falls, Pa., the 
invitation was declined. 

An invitation was received from the Col. Fred Taylor 
Camp No. 2, Sons of Veterans, to ])articipate in the military 
parade at Kensington on Monday, April 24th, 1916. 

The follow^ing concerning an old Fencible appeared in an 
Atlantic City paper on April 8th, 1916: 

A man walked into the detective bureau here today seeking informa- 
tion concerning a lost watch. He met Harry Wilson, Chief of the 
Identification Department, on his way out. Wilson looked him over. 

"Say, are you Paul VanDusen?" he asked. 

''That's me," responded the man, "but you have the advantage 
of me." 

"I'm Harry Wilson," said the sleuth. 

"I've got you," came from VanDusen. 

The pair were tentmates at a camp of the Pennsylvania State Fen- 
cibles at Mount Gretna, Pa., twenty-five years ago and hadn't met 
since. 

"Wlierc's Jim Brunet, who tented with us, still a dentist?" in- 
quired Wilson. 

"Nope, he's Vice-President of Chili," was the rejoinder. 

"Well, things do move," laughed the detective. 

The long litigation over the Armory lease being settled 
and the Command now enjoying unprecedented prosperity, 
arrangements Avere made to celebrate the 103d Anniversary 
of the Command at the Hotel Majestic. 

The Morris Guards of Atlantic City had entertained the 
officers of the Fencibles at the Hotel Traymore on March 
18th, and therefore, it was unanimously decided to invite 
the Guards as the ''Military Guests" on this occasion. 



112 CURRENT EVENTS 1916 

An invitation was received to attend the Third Annual 
Military Field Day of the Army and Navy Union to be held 
at League Island Navy Yard on May 21st, 1916. The Com- 
mand did not attend in a body, though many of the members 
were present in uniform. 

On May 27th, 1916, the Fencibles and the Old Guard cele- 
brated their 103d Anniversary by a street parade in full- 
dress uniform, which was followed by a banquet at the Hotel 
Majestic. The Command left the Armory at 3:30 sharp, 
headed by a mounted police escort and the Fencibles ' Band, 
and paraded over the following route, from the Armory 
south on Broad Street to Walnut, to Sixteenth, to Market, 
to Fifth, counter-marching on Market to Juniper, to Filbert, 
to Broad and to the Armory. 

On passing the Union League they were reviewed by the 
Mayor and the Director of the Department of Public Safety. 

The Morris Guards of Atlantic City were the military 
guests at the banquet. The Mayor, Directors of Public 
Safety and Public Works and several Judges were present. 

On this occasion there was presented to Captain and 
Commissary A. H. Burton at the Armory, the famous Page 
Medalf which has been in the possession of the Command 
for about sixty years and is worn by the oldest parading 
member. Captain Burton joined the Fencibles in 1888. 
This medal was previously worn by Captain Edward E. 
Packer, who joined the Fencibles in 1853 and who died in 
Februaiy, 1916. 

At the death of Captain Edward E. Packer this medal 
was returned to the Battalion. There were two candidates 
for the same,* Captain A. H. Burton and Lieutenant Wil- 
liam Hinkle, whose records on the books of the Fencibles 
were as follows : 

Captain Alfred H. Burton — Enlisted in Company C December 24tli, 
1888; appointed Corporal February 20th, 1890; Sergeant, January 
15tli, 1891; Battalion Commissary Sergeant, August 15th, 1897; com- 
missioned Second Lieutenant, Company I, 20th Reg., N. G. P., August 
16th, 1898 (a Reserve Regiment for Spanish- American War) ; First 

*The dispute being over the "continuous" service in the Fencibles. Examine both records. 
fSee page 188 "One Hundred Years With the State Fencibles." 



1916 PAGE MEDAL— COMMITTEE REPORT JIS 

Lieutenant, May 17th, 1899; Captain and Conunissary on Staff, Octo- 
ber 1st, 1898. 

Sergeant William II. llinkle — Enlisted in Company A October Ktth, 
1893; appointed Corporal July 2d, 1895; Sergeant, May 13th, 1898; 
served with Company K, Sixth Regiment, in Spanish-American War; 
M. O., October 17th, 1898; appointed Sergeant Company A December 
1st, 1899; First Sergeant, February 1st, 1900; appointed Battalion 
Quartermaster Sergeant April I25th, 1907. 

The question of who should now wear the medal was 
referred by the Commanding Officer to a committee in the 
following letter : 

At the death of Captain Packer there was returned to me the Page 
Medal, which is to be worn by the Fcncible "having been connected 
with the organization, in active service, for the greatest number of 
years." I understand that there is some question as to whether the 
same should be presented to Captain of Commissary A. H. Burton, 
or to Lieutenant William Hinkle. 

In order to settle this question, I am referring the matter to a com- 
mittee composed of Captains Green, Garcia and Porter, said committee 
to meet at the Armory on Wednesday evening, May 3d, at 8 o'clock 
sharp, to make proper investigation and report at the meeting of the 
Board which will be held at 8:30. It will be the duty of this Com- 
mittee to interview both claimants and decide who, in their judgment 
is entitled to this medal. 

Respectfully, 

Thomas S. Lanard, 

Major. 

The Committee held its meeting on said evening and made 
the following report: 

To Commanding Officer, 
Sul)ject Page Medal. 

We, your Committee, appointed to decide on the proper ])erson en- 
titled to the honor of wearing the Page Medal, have dc ided that 
according to the terms of the deed of gift, that Captain A. H. Burton 
fulfills the requirements in length of service and is entitled to wear 
the medal. 

Captain Frank N. Greene, 

Chairman of Committee, 



114 CURRENT EVENTS 1916 

On May 25th, Sergeant Charles J. Williams, who has been 
Superintendent of the Armory since the death of Captain 
Packer, tendered his resignation, which was accepted, to 
take effect at the selection of his successor. On June 6th 
James B. Murphy tendered his resignation as Captain, 
Company C. 

An invitation was received on June 5th from the Ancient 
and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts to 
attend their anniversary and banquet. Several of the 
officers were present. 

On June 12th the office of the Superintendent having be- 
come vacant by the resignation of Sergeant Williams, the 
Armory Committee selected Joseph W. Hummell to fill the 
said office. With the new Superintendent in charge, the 
Armory soon took on a new and more home-like appearance. 
Not only was the new Superintendent an efficient and faith- 
ful officer, but a very affable and courteous gentleman. 

On June 17th, 1916, many of the officers of the Fencibles 
left Philadelphia on a special train as guests of Col. AVm. 
R. Scott, of the Wanamaker Institute Regiment, to spend 
a few days with that Command in camp at Island Heights, 
New Jersey. 

In the early part of 1916 the second Mexican crisis had 
arrived. There was much speculation in all quarters as to 
just how the Government at Washington would meet the 
emergency. The National Guards of the several States were 
far from their required strength, and it was the consensus 
of opinion that a call would be made for volunteers. 

The Commandant of the State Fencibles, therefore, on 
March 14th, 1916, to the Company Commanders, sent the 
following letter: 

My Dear Captain: 

I am enclosing herewith ' ' Agreement to Volunteer ' ' for the Mexican 
trouble. I fully appreciate and understand that all the members now 
enlisted in the Battalion are not able to volunteer owing to many 
causes over which they have no control, but I tliink that you will 
agree with me that the Fencibles in the past have always stood ready 
and able to do their part toward national defense; and therefore, if 



1916 LETTERS— MEXICAN CRISIS H^ 

the time comes (and the way things arc now shaping, it looks as though 
that time is not far distant) the Fcnciblcs should be in a position 
where they could muster not less than 400 men. 

I desire to have these enrollment papers complete not later than 
Thursday night and have all morabcrs now on your roll declare them- 
selves. Those not desiring to enlist, both officers and men, should 
immediately resign or file application for discharge, so that we may not 
be handicapped in recruiting the Fcncibles to its full strength. It 
would be well for you to hold a meeting of your company prior to the 
drill on Thursday night and read this letter to them. I will bo at the 
Armory about 8 o 'clock, and if there is any further information you 
desire, I will go over the same with you at that time. 

The call came for troops, but the Fencibles were not in- 
cluded in that call. This matter was then brought to the 
attention of the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, who 
sent the following communications : 

To the Secretary of War, 

Washington, D. C. 
Sir: 

I have the honor, as Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, to offer 
for the present crisis the services of the only municipal battalion to 
my knowledge in the country, the Infantry Battalion State Fencibles. 
This Battalion is composed of four companies of infantry under the 
command of Major Thomas S. Lanard. 

TliG Fencibles were organized on May 26, 1813, for services in the 
second war with Great Britain, and since that time have served 
the City and State in all the industrial and labor disturbances. 
They have also participated in the Kensington and Southwark riots 
of 1844, the Mexican War of 1846, the Civil War of 1861-1865, Pitts- 
burg riots of 1892 and the Spanish- American War of 1898. 

For the past thirty years they occupied one of our handsome 
armories situated on North Broad Street, in this city, and have been 
supported by the City of Philadelphia. 

I would therefore appreciate it if the quota is not complete at this 
time, that arrangements be made to muster this Battalion into service, 
and if this be found impracticable at this time, that you give this mat- 
ter your early consideration in the event of a second call. If it is your 
desire, I will arrange to have Major Lanard meet any officer at any 
place you may designate in order to complete all preliminary details. 

I have ordered the Battalion in camp at Ncshaminy Falls, Penn- 
sylvania, on June 28th, where they will remain until further order.s. 



X15 CURRENT EVENTS 1916 

To the Adjutant-General, 

Harrisburg, Pa. 
Sir: 

I have the honor, as the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, to offer 
the services of the Infantry Battalion State Fencibles for the present 
crisis. The history of this Command and the services rendered by it 
to the City, State and Nation are well-known to you. 

I understand that the quota demanded from Pennsylvania is now 
complete, but if a place can be made for this command, I would 
greatly appreciate anything that you may do toward that end. How- 
ever, if this cannot be done at this time, I trust you may be able to 
muster this Command in the event of a second call; or, if it is your 
desire, the Command can be augmented to a regiment in a very short 
time. 

The second citizens' training camp was held at Neshaminy 
Falls June 28th, where about 150 rookies took part, some 
having enlisted for the Mexican trouble. The Fencibles was 
represented by its entire Battalion.* The camp was beauti- 
fully situated just at the rear of the park. The camp proved 
a success. On July 4th the Battalion returned to Philadel- 
phia for the day only to participate in the celebration, re- 
turning to camp that evening. 

On July 4th, 1916, more than 100,000 Philadelphians, rep- 
resentatives of nearly two million souls, gathered within 
sight of Independence Hall and pledged anew their loyalty 
to the flag, to American ideals and to the President of the 
United States in whatever course he deems proper to pursue 
in the present crisis in national affairs. Ground hallowed 
by the Nation's founders was trod by the great multitude 
which eagerly voiced its willingness to sacrifice life itself, 
for the honor of the country. The shrine of liberty was 
again dedicated to the principles of freedom; the torch of 
liberty was once more held aloft for the oppressed of war- 
torn lands, and a united city, without a single dissenting 
voice, re-dedicated itself to the task of helping to spread 
an enlightened democracy around the world. 

The entire municipality burst forth in a display of unex- 
ampled patriotism. Public men who have been foremost in 

♦Battalion remained In camp ten days waiting a call for service on the "Mexican" border. 
Was later notified that no more troops would be called. 



1916 JULY FOURTH (^KLEBRATION 



117 



the Nation's affairs for the past quarter of a century pro- 
nounced the meeting' the most enthusiastic and most numer- 
ously attended of any gathering in their experience. Not a 
street in the city was without its showing of genuine patriot- 
ism. Not a ward went unrepresented at the big mass-meet- 
ing. Tlie Commonwealth, from the Governor down to the 
lowliest servant of the people, shared in the outburst of 
loyalty. The City's official life was represented not only 
by the presence of Mayor Smith, but also by tlie attendance 
of virtually every member of the administration. All were 
united and determined that, should the National Government 
essay a test of arms with Germany, Pennsylvania and Phila- 
delphia would at once assume the leadership of the Nation 
in the assistance given the national leaders. 

Men of prominence throughout the country gave the best 
of their thought to the assembled thousands, and without 
exception, they struck responsive chords, as shown by the 
spontaneous applause of the vast audience. The most stir- 
ring plea for universal military training and service heard 
in this city was uttered by Lieutenant General S. B. ^\. 
Young, upon whom the country has more than once depended 
for the upholding of its honor. United States Sonator 
Hiram W. Johnson, of California, brought from the Pacific 
coast and the entire West a message of absolute lovalty to 
the Eastern section of the country. United States Senator 
Boies Penrose, of Pennsylvania, stirred the immense 
throngs to applause by re-affirming his belief in the integrity 
and sincerity of the so-called hyphenates. 

The distinguished speakers at the Independence Hall 
rally were the only ones permitted to use Chestnut Street 
as an approach to Independence Hall. They formed on the 
North Plaza of the City Hall, after a reception at the office 
of Mayor Thomas B. Smith. 

Preceded by a platoon of motorcycle policemen and a 
detail of mounted policemen, their procession was headed 
by the Old Guard of the State Fencibles, and a detachment 
of the Old Guard of Philadelphia. Then came the Infantry 
Battalion State Fencibles. 
■ The post of honor accorded the Fencibles on this occasion 



118 CURRENT EVENTS 1916 

was a marked contrast with that of a year before,* when 
the city held a Fourth of July celebration, and owing to the 
fact that litigation was then pending regarding the right 
to the possession of the Armory, the Fencibles were refused 
permission to participate. This year (1916) although the 
Fencibles were in camp at Neshaminy Falls, the city paid the 
cost of transportation to bring them here as a special escort 
for this patriotic celebration. 

Senator Hiram "W. Johnson, Provost Edgar F. Smith 
and E. A. Van Valkenburg rode in the first automobile. 
After them came United States Senator Boies Penrose and 
C. Stuart Patterson, who rode with Bayard Henry. Frank- 
lin Spencer Edmonds, E. T. Stotesbury and Colonel J. 
Campbell Gilmore were in another car. Kev. Dr. Russell 
H. Conwell rode with Receiver of Taxes W. Freeland 
Kendrick. 

Wliile the Fencibles' Band played the "Star-Spangled 
Banner," the Mayor slowly raised the national emblem to 
its place at the peak of the tall white flagstaff. As it 
reached the top of the staff, the Mayor pulled the cord which 
released the folds of tri-color bunting, and the flag instantly 
floated upon the breeze. Simultaneously from the crowds in 
the streets and in the squares burst a mighty cheer, which 
was repeated time and time again long after the Mayor and 
his party entered the Hall. 

Permission was given D Company to leave the Armory 
for a hike over Labor Day, 1916, to Newtown Square, Pa. 
Several of the members of the other companies also accom- 
panied them. 

On October 4th the Commanding Officer represented the 
Fencibles at the 279th Field Day Banquet of the Ancient 
and Honorable Artillery Company at Hotel Traymore, 
Atlantic City. 

It was during this period that the National Guard was 
ordered to the Mexican Border and on its return a recep- 
tion was planned by Councils. 

•See page 97, Chapter VI. 



1916 RETURN OF NATIONAL GUARD ng 

The orders issued for tlie parade on October 9tli for the 
reception of the First Infantry, N. G. P., U. S. and for 
October 10th for the reception of the Third Infantry, N. G. 
P., U. S., were as follows : 

HEADQUARTERS, CHIEF MARSHAL, MILITARY PARADE. 
408 City Hall. 

Philadelphia, Octohcr 7th, 1910. 
General Orders No. 2. 

1. Pur.suant to the appointment of Major General J. Lewis Good, 
Chief Marslial of the Military Escort Attendant, upon the return of 
the National Guard, U. S., from active duty in the State of Texas, on 
Monday, October 9th, 1916, the following is published for the in- 
formation and guidance of those commands participating. 

2. The United States Military and Naval Forces, Captain Harry 
Lay commanding, will form on Broad Street, right resting on Chris- 
tian Street, facing west. 

3. Battalion of Naval Reserves and the Philadelphia Military 
Training Corps on Broad Street, right resting on Carpenter Street, 
facing east. 

4. The State Fencibles and Old Guard, Army and Navy Union, 
the Spanish War Veterans, Old Guard Second Infantry, N. G. P., 
Old Guard of Philadelphia, Old Guard Third Infantry, N. G. P. and 
Company B, First Colored Regiment, on Carpenter Street, right resting 
on Broad Street, facing south. 

5. Grand Array of Republic. 

Honorable Thomas B. Smith, Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, 
accompanied by the Governor of the State of Pennsylvania and the 
Reception Committee of Select and Common Councils will occupy auto- 
mobiles on Broad Street, right resting on Carpenter Street. 

6. The Veteran Corps First Infantry, N. G. P., General R. Dale Ben- 
son commanding, will form on Broad Street, right resting on Wash- 
ington Avenue, facing east. 

7. The First Infantry National Guard, U. S., Colonel Charles C. 
Allen, will form on Broad Street, right resting on Washington Avenue, 
facing west.* ; 

8. The column will move at 9:30 o'clock A. M., Company front, 
north on Broad Street to Allegheny Avenue. At this point the Com- 
mand will form to the front, facing west. The First Infantry will 
pass in front of the column and enter Convention Hall. The Command 
will then be dismissed. 

9. The column will pass in review before the Mayor of the City of 
Philadelphia, accompanied by the Governor of the State of Pennsyl- 
vania and Staff and the members of the Reception Committee of 
Select and Common Councils at the Armory of the First Regiment, 

•Orders >."o. 3 for October 10th read, the Third Infantry National Guard, U. S., Colonel George 
E. Kemp. 



120 CURRENT EVENTS 1916 

N. G. P., Broad and Callowhill Streets. Commanding officers and 
bands will turn out. 

By command of 

Major. General Good, 

Chief Marshal, 
J. Campbell Gilmore, 

Chief of Staff. 

Second of the groups of Philadelphia's sons who saw ser- 
vice on the Mexican border to return home was the Third 
Regiment, National Guard, arrived in this city October 10th. 
The officers of the regiment were tendered an ovation and 
a reception that equalled in patriotic fervor that of the 
l^revious day when the First Regiment returned. 

Unusually striking events marked the reappearance of 
the Third Regiment, which is particularly South Philadel- 
phia in its personnel. Throughout the day these incidents 
piled up to make the occasion of their home-coming a mem- 
orable one. 

Thousands of Philadelphians began to line the streets in 
the vicinity of the Pennsylvania Railroad Station at Broad 
Street and Washington Avenue by 9 o'clock that morning. 
It had been expected that the three sections of the train 
carrying the Regiment and its Commander, Colonel George 
E. Kemp, together with Brigadier General William G. Price 
and his Staff, would have arrived before that hour. 

Under the auspices of the Councilmanic Committee, a 
parade identical in its make-up to that of the First Regi- 
ment was planned to start on the march to Convention Hall, 
where the reception and luncheon were to take place. Each 
of the military organizations in this parade had arrived at 
their designated points and were in readiness. 

Instead of word to the effect that the train bearing the 
soldiers were nearing their destination, there finally came 
to Chairman Isaac Hetzell, of the Committee, the news that 
the first section had been held up by Colonel Kemp in order 
that the other sections of the train might catch up to it and 
the entire Regiment arrive at its destination at about the 
same time. 

Brigadier General J. Lewis Good, Chief Marshal of the 
military parade, promptly ordered the three companies of 



1916 MAINE MEMORIAL TABLET 121 

United States sailors and marines back to the League Island 
Navy Yard, to report again at 1 o'clock. The members of 
the Veteran Corps of the Third Regiment, the Infantr\' Bat- 
talion State Fencibles, the United Spanish War Veterans 
and the other military bodies in tlie escort were marched 
to the Third Regiment Armory, where they were dismissed 
with instructions to return at 1 o'clock. 

At ten minutes after twelve o'clock the first section of the 
train bearing the members of the Third Regiment steamed 
into the yard. There was a hearty cheer from the spectators 
as the train slowed down and then began a concerted rush 
for the steps and windows by the crowd that swept the police 
aside like chaff. 

Mothers, sisters, sweethearts, wives, sons, brothers and 
relatives were in the crowd. In every direction rang out 
shrill calls for this man or that. Many managed to greet 
their loved ones, but military discipline quickly restored 
order out of chaos and the business of detraining was 
started. 

On Thursday evening, October 19th, the Fencibles assem- 
bled at the Armory to receive a "Maine Memorial Tablet" 
to be presented by the Old Guard of the City of Philadel- 
phia. Refreshments, music and speeches made the evening 
very pleasant. 

On Saturday, November 4th, 1916, Company B of the 
Engineers was greeted with a parade, reception and banquet 
on its return from Mexico. 

Witli the same enthusiasm that marked the return of the 
First and Third Regiments, the city welcomed the men of 
Company B, Engineer Battalion, on their return from the 
Mexican border. From the time the engineer-soldiers left 
their special train in the yard of the Reading Railway, at 
Broad and Callowhill Streets, until they broke ranks late 
in the afternoon, following a reception and banquet in the 
Armory of the State Fencibles, the men were cheered, 
praised and welcomed back by their relatives and friends 
and a multitude of patriotic citizens. 

At the State Fencibles' Armory the engineers were 
greeted on behalf of the city by Director Joseph S. Mac- 



222 CURRENT EVENTS 1916 

Laugbliii, of the Department of Supplies, who acted in the 
absence of Mayor Smith. Captain James S. Bradford re- 
sponded for the members of Company B and relatives and 
friends of the men, who were seated in the gallery of the 
Armory above the banquet table, cheered to the echo. 

Although the route of the parade was shorter than that 
covered when the First and Third Regiments returned, thou- 
sands of men, women and children lined Broad Street be- 
tween Callowhill and South, to watch and cheer the engi- 
neers as they marched by. Acknowledged to be one of the 
finest organizations of its kind in either the regular or volun- 
teer army service, the men composing Company B presented 
a pleasing spectacle as they walked through the lane of 
cheering crowds to the martial airs of one of the city's 
bands. 

A unique feature of the reception at the Armory was the 
singing at the end of the banquet. Led by a member of the 
Reception Committee, the crowd in the gallery sang several 
lines of the Battle Hymn of the Republic and the soldiers 
joined in the chorus. Other songs were sung, and after 
coffee was served, the engineers joined their relatives and 
friends and the reception was over. 

It was shortly after 1 o 'clock that the train carrying Com- 
pany B arrived in the freight yard at Broad and Callowhill 
Streets. General J. Lewis Good, Chief Marshal of the 
parade, assembled the escort and at 1:30 o'clock the pro- 
cession moved south on Broad Street. In the parade were 
companies from the First and Third Regiments, State Fen- 
cibles, members of the Old Guard, G. A. R., and Spanish- 
American War Veterans and automobiles carrying mem- 
bers of the Councilmanic and Citizens' Committees. When 
the west side of City Hall was reached, members of the 
Committee left the autos and walked to the reviewing stand 
just below the western exit. 

The parade continued to South Street, where the column 
counter-marched and later passed around the east side of 
the public building and to the Fencibles' Armory. 

While some of the National Guard had returned, there 
remained many at the Mexican border when the fall election 



1916 FIRST ELECTION IN CAMP 123 

arrived, and for tlio first time in many years an election 
was held on the field for State and National officers. 

Much was said in the newspapers regarding previous 
wars and when soldiers voted while in the service. 

"Penn" in the Evening Bulletin published the following 
article : 

The Commanding OflBeer of the Infantry Battalion State Fencibles 
calls attention to the fact that he recently came into possession of the 
returns of the vote cast by the First Regiment, Pennsylvania Volun- 
teers to v?hich the State Fencibles were attached at Camp Dupont 
during the War of 1812. Major Lanard, who is a lawyer, is disposed 
to believe that this was the first time that Pennsylvania soldiers voted 
in the field while in the service of the United States, although he is 
not certain that they may not have done so at the time of the Revolu- 
tion. As the Judges completed the other day the count of votes cast 
by the Pennsylvania Units now on the Border, the document in ques- 
tion is interesting as an example of the manner in which the process 
of voting was conducted in the early days of the Fencibles and other 
organizations that were then in the field. It seems that the vote, 
according to the record and return sheets was taken on Tuesday, 
October 12th, 1814, at Camp Dupont. The parchment forms, partly 
printed, were ruled and filled in by the election officers with a system 
not unlike the one now in use; the papers are in an excellent state of 
preservation and they show that each soldier was entitled to vote for 
Governor, State Senator, Representative in the State Assembly, Con- 
gressmen, Councilmen, County Commissioner, Coroner and County 
Auditors. Colonel Clement C. Biddle, as Commanding Officer, returned 
the results of the election under seal two days after the ballots were 
counted. Hartman Kuhn, who was the Captain of the Fencibles Com- 
pany, acted as the judge of election for that organization. • » ♦ ♦ « 

On most of the offices the voting was close. Thus, for Governor, 
Simon Snyder had 247 votes and Isaac Wayne 222, with others scat- 
tering, while in the Congressional election there was a tie vote, or 
249 for Adam Seybert and 249 for Charles J. Ingersoll. For Common 
Council there were no fewer than nine candidates that were tied, while 
for Select Council, James Harper, Jr., received 151 votes and Samuel 
Wetherill, Jr., 152. It may be said that in this regiment there were 
also a number of voters from Chester, Delaware, Montgomery and 
Schuylkill Counties; these, of course, not participating in the Phila- 
delphia part of the election. It has sometimes been assumed in re- 
marks of public men on the recent voting by the National Guards- 
men that there had been nothing of that kind until the Civil War, but 
the record which Major Lanard has discovered in the chronicles of the 
State Fencibles clearly shows that it occurred in our second war with 
Great Britain and that the Pennsylvania soldiers voted under an Act 
of Assembly of 1813. 



CHAPTER VII. 

The Wobld War. 

the cause of the war — resolution to form regiment — ■ 
newspaper comments — order to form regiment — recruit- 
ing of companies tender of service to governor — 

tender of service to president correspondence state 

OF Pennsylvania's quota filled — regiment fully re- 
cruited REGIMENT PARADES FOR REVIEW. 

Ever since the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by 
Austria, in 1908, Pan- Serbian agitation had maintained a 
persistent propaganda for the acquisition of these two 
provinces, which had been part of the old Serbian Empires, 
a propaganda all the more objectionable at Vienna, as the 
area of Serbia had already been doubled through her suc- 
cess in the second Balkan War, and a further extension 
would not only be detrimental to Austria's commercial in- 
terests, but would interfere with her ambition to reach the 
Aegean Sea at Saloniki, and furthermore might endanger 
the very integrity of the Dual Empire by encouraging 
others among its many racial groups to break away from 
the Hapsburg rule. 

On June 28th, 1914, the Archduke Francis Ferdinand, a 
nephew of Emperor Francis Joseph, and his wife, the 
Duchess of Hohenburg, who were on an official visit at Sera- 
jevo, the capital of Bosnia, were assassinated in that town. 

The investigations carried on by Austrian officials estab- 
lished satisfactorily to themselves the much desired facts, 
that the assassination had been planned in Serbia, carried 
out with weapon smuggled to Serajevo from Serbia and 
connived at by Serbian officials; and what more could be 
needed to justify the most summary measures for the crush- 
ing of the Pan-Serbian movement once and for all? 

An ultimatum was therefore presented to Serbia by Aus- 

124 



1914 CAUSE OF WAR 



125 



tria on Thursday, July 23d, 1914, calling for an ofiicial and 
public condemnation of the Pan-Serbian propaganda as well 
as an expression of regret at its consequences, and contain- 
ing ton specific demands which no self-respecting govern- 
ment would have complied with without a protest and still 
less within the forty-eight-hour limit graciously granted for 
their consideration. 

Foreseeing an imminent European crisis, the Foreign 
Minister of Russia lost no time in urging upon Austria the 
necessity of extending the time limit of this extraordinary 
ultimatum. Unaided by Germany, Austria's ally in this 
connection, their efforts proved fruitless, and they now 
endeavored to persuade Serbia to accept the Austrian de- 
mands as far as she could. 

Serbia's reply was accordingly handed to the Austrian 
Minister at Belgrade on Saturday, July 25th, two minutes 
before the expiration of the forty-eight hours. A rejoinder 
now came from the Government at Vienna and further cor- 
respondence ensued until finally Serbia agreed to submit 
the questions in dispute to the Hague Tribunal or to the 
Great Powers. Although the Entente Powers took a differ- 
ent view of this suggestion, Austria declared it wholly un- 
satisfactory and was apparently supported by German]^ on 
this point. 

The immediate result of such a situation was so obvious 
that, to preserve the balance of the power in the Balkans, 
Russia now announced that she would mobilize on the very 
day that the Austrian Army should cross the Serbian 
frontier. 

To anticipate, if possible, so ominous a movement, the 
British Foreign Secretary suggested a conference of repre- 
sentatives of England, France, Germany and Italy. France 
and Italy agreed, but Germany declined. 

Direct negotiations between Russia and Austria proved 
of no avail ; further appeals on the part of England to Ger- 
many to offer some suitable solution were received with a 
deaf ear ; Austria declared war on Serbia July 28th, and on 
the following day Russia declared partial mobilization 
against Austria-Hungary. 



126 THE WORLD WAR 1917 

Even then and as late as July 31 Great Britain proclaimed 
that if Germany would put forth any reasonable proposal 
that would preserve peace and France and Russia rejected 
it, she would not support those Powers ; but that if no such 
proposal were made and France became involved, she would 
stand by her ally. 

Germany's reply was a peremptory demand that Russia 
should forthwith demobilize her forces and this being un- 
heeded, the German Ambassador at St. Petersburg was 
ordered on August 1st to notify the Russian Government 
that a state of war existed between the two countries. 

Three days later, on August 4th, in spite of well-known 
international guarantees, 300,000 German troops invaded 
Belgium; the dreadful die was now cast; and this date 
heralded the well nigh incredible series of blood-curdling 
and brain-dazing horrors which for the next four years 
disgraced the human race at large. 

On April 2d, 1917, Woodrow Wilson sealed a new epoch 
of the world's history when he said : 

"I advise that Congress exert all its power and employ all its 
resources to bring the Government of the German Empire to terms 
and end the war. * * ♦ * • We have no quarrel with the German 
people. We have no feeling towards them, but one of sympathy and 
friendship. * • * * « A steadfast concert for peace can never be 
maintained except by a partnership of democratic nations. No auto- 
cratic government could be entrusted to keep faith with it, or to 
observe its covenants. ♦ ♦ • » • Prussian autocracy was not and 
never could be our friend. » * « » * We shall fight for the things 
which we have always carried nearest our hearts — for democracy, for 
the rights of those who submit to authority to have a voice in their 
own governments. ' ' 

That was a declaration of war upon Prussianism. It was 
a declaration of war for lasting peace. For with Prussian- 
ism amuck in the world, there can be no peace. 

Belgium, Lusitania, the Rheims Cathedral, bomb plots in 
America, promises made and broken by Imperial Germany, 
submarine warfare that ignored International Law and 
humanity, the Zeppelin horrors visited on London are but 
manifestations of Prussianism. They are the spots of the 
disease. 



1917 UNITED STATES ENTERS WAR 127 

But there is another aspect of the entry of the United 
States into the war that is much greater, of deeper signifi- 
cance and more far-reaching consequence. The United 
States liad departed from the policy of isolation not from 
favor to one set of combatants against another, nor even 
from sympathy with one side against the other, real and 
strong though the sympathy with some of the Allies has 
been in large sections of the American people since the out- 
break of the war. 

That was not the motive that forced the tremendous 
national decision, but a growing conviction which gradually 
became settled, deep and paramount, that this terrible war 
is a desperate and critical struggle against something evil 
and intensely dangerous to moral law, to international good 
faith, to everything that is essential if different nations are 
to live together in the world in equal freedom and friend- 
ship. The will to power — it is a German phrase — had shown 
in the course of the war that it knew neither mercy, pity nor 
limits. Militarism is one quality of it, and it stands for 
things that all democracies, if they wish to remain free and 
to be a part of a world that is free, must hate. 

This conviction and a sense that the old barriers of the 
world are broken down by modern conditions, that the cause 
of humanity is one, and that no Nation so great and free 
as the United States could stand aside in this crisis without 
sacrificing its honor and losing its soul, were the real motive 
and cause of the decision of the United States. Democracies 
are reluctant to take such decisions until they are attacked 
or until their own material interests are directly and deeply 
involved, and the United States did not take the decision 
till German action in the war made it imperative; but then 
they took it with a clearness, an emphasis, and a declara- 
tion of principle that will be one of the landmarks and shin- 
ing examples of all human history. 

At a meeting of the Board of Officers of the State Fen- 
cibles held on Wednesday evening, March 21st, 1917, the 
Commanding Officer offered the following resolution: 



128 THE WORLD WAR 1917 

1. Whereas, we realize the seriousness of the issue now before 
Congress and believing that we, as Americans and more especially 
Philadelphians, should take immediate steps to put our country in a 
more thorough state of defense. 

2. Whereas, the State Fencibles organized in 1813 and serving 
during the war, and having since maintained its organization, have 
responded to every call of the City, State and Nation during the past 
104 years. 

3. Whereas, the Command heretofore but a single battalion, could 
easily be recruited to a full regiment with our present officers, many 
being experienced soldiers, some having served with this Command 
for over twenty years. 

4. Whereas, the State Fencibles is subject only to the call of the 
Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, being the only municipal guard 
in the country. 

Be it Resolved, That permission be requested of the Mayor of the 
City of Philadelphia to organize a complete volunteer regiment under 
the name of the State Fencibles Infantry Regiment, and request that 
he tender the services of this Command to the President of the United 
States for such duty as he may designate. 

The following letter authorizing the formation of the 
Regiment was received bv the Commandant from Mayor 
Thomas B. Smith on March 28th, 1917 : 

1. Permission is hereby granted to increase your present Command 
from one battalion to a full regiment, to be known as the State Fen- 
cibles Infantry Regiment. 

2. You will at once assume command of said regiment, recruit the 
necessary men, complete its formation and make all necessary appoint- 
ments to properly officer the same. 

3. On completion of the regimental formation and muster you will 
report for further orders. 

The Evening Bulletin, Q.oTcvme\\img on this, said: 

The State Fencibles, through their Commander, Thomas S. Lanard, 
have been given permission to recruit their strength from a battalion 
to a regiment to be known as the State Fencibles Infantry Regiment. 
Mayor Smith, who is head of the organization, ei-officio, yesterday 
ordered Major Lanard to enlist the necessary men, complete the forma- 
tion of the regiment. 

Enlistments have been pouring into the Armory of the organization 
at Broad and Race Streets. As fast as the men enlist, they are prop- 
erly equipped and started drilling. More than a hundred and fifty 
new members have been enrolled. An attractive display showing a 



1917 NEWSPAPP]E COMMENT— ORDERS 129 

camp tent with a recruiting? ofBcer sitting inside is shown in front of 
the Armory and has proved efficient in obtaining recruits. 

When tho formation of the regiment is complete, and war is de- 
clared, the contingent will i)robably be offered to President Wilson by 
Mayor Smith as part of the men this City will place at his disposal. 

The Philadelphia Inquirer said : 

A full regiment — 1200 men in all — will be recruited by the State 
Fencibles. A resolution authorizing the increase was adopted last night 
at a meeting in the organization's Armory, Broad and Race Streets. 

At the same time the Old Guard of the Fencibles adopted the fol- 
lowing resolution: 

"Resolved, That we, the Old Guard, State Fencibles, of Philadel- 
phia, Pa., commend President Woodrow Wilson for his courage and 
patriotism in the present crisis, resulted from the war among foreign 
powers, and that, in common with our comrades in the active corps, 
wo pledge our unqualified loyalty to him in his stand to vindicate the 
manhood of America. ' ' 

Inimediately on receipt of the authority to increase the 
Fencibles to a full regiment, the Commanding Officer issued 
the following order : 

March 31st, 1917. 
Order No. 1. 

1. Pursuant to authority heretofore given me, I hereby announce 
that on Monday, April 2d, 1917, I will assume command of the State 
Fencibles Infantry Regiment and proceed with the organization of 
the same. 

2. The following units will be organized when the quota is reached, 
as follows: 

Field and Staff, to be appointed Headquarters Company, 58; Supply 
Company, 37; Machine Gun Company, 53; Sanitary Detachment, 24. 

First Battalion (four companies). 

Company A and D (old Fencibles companies). Company E and F 
(new companies), each sixty-five men. 

Second Battalion (four companies). Company B and C (Fencible 
companies), Company G and H (new), sixty-five men each. 

Third Battalion (four companies), Company I, K, L, M (new), 
siity-five men each. 

The Third Battalion will assemble on Tuesday evening for drill. 
Companies of said Battalion will use rooms as follows: Company I, 
Company A room; Company K, Company B room; Company L, Com- 
pany C room; Company M, Company D room. 

The following companies will assemble on Monday evenings and use 



130 THE WORLD WAR 1917 

rooms as follows: Headquarters Company, Company A room; Supply 
Company, Company B room ; Machine Gun Company, Company C room ; 
Sanitary Detachment, Company D room. 

3. The First Battalion will assemble on Thursday evenings for drill. 
Companies of said Battalion will use rooms as follows: Company A, 
Company A room; Company D, Company B room; Company E, Com- 
pany C room; Company F, Company B room. 

4. The Second Battalion will assemble on Friday evenings for 
drill. Companies of said Battalion will use rooms as follows: Com- 
pany B, Company B room; Company C, Company C room; Company 
G, Company A room; Company H, Company D room. 

Battalion OflScers will use C. O. quarters; Company Officers, Board 
of Officers' room. 

Order No. 2. 

1. For organization, recruiting and muster only, the following officers 
are hereby assigned. 

No Company will be mustered into the regiment until minimum 
atrength is reached, according to order of April 2d. No officers will 
be appointed until companies and battalion are fully formed. 

Sanitary Detachment: Lieutenant Stout, Sergeant Tanner. 

Supply Company: Sergeant Garcia, Lieutenant Coleman. 

Machine Gun Company : Captain Burton. 

First Battalion Company A: Sergeant Hartzell, Sergeant Haddon; 
Company D, Captain Dunn, Lieutenant Shaw; Company E, Lieutenant 
Roberts; Company F, Lieutenant Holland. 

Captain J. D. Garcia to supervise the recruiting of the First Bat- 
talion. 

Second Battalion: Company B, Captain Tinney; Company C, Cap- 
tain J. D. Moe, Lieutenant Crothers; Company G, Sergeant Lawrence, 
Sergeant Koellstead; Company H, Captain Prittie. 

Captain Tinney to supervise the recruiting of the Second Battalion. 

Third Battalion Officers to be later announced. 

State Fcncibles Reserves (250 men) : Captain Porter, Captain 
P. L. Garcia, Lieutenant Lutz, Lieutenant Hinkel. 

2. All enlistment papers will be turned over to Sergeant Bonsall, 
Acting Regiment Sergeant Major. 

3. Each Company will meet and drill as set forth in Order No. 1 now 
published. 

To each of the officers of the Fencibles the Commandant 
sent the following letter : 

It was my pleasure to make a report to His Honor, the Mayor of 
the City of Philadelphia, this morning, that on last evening, April 2d, 
we completed the formation of the State Fencibles Infantry Regi- 
ment. 



1917 FENCIBLES' RECRUIT REGIMENT 131 

The Mayor, imniediatcly on the receipt of my report, made tender 
of the services of the regiment to the President, wiiicli tender in part 
was as follows: 

"The officers are experienced soldiers, some having served with this 
Command for over twenty years. The State Fencibles is subject only 
to the call of the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, being in my 
opinion the only municipal guard in the country, and it therefore 
affords me pleasure at this time to tender the services of this Command 
for such duty as you may designate. ' ' 

It is therefore necessary at once to become fully prepared to meet \ . 
any call made. 

Under the regulations governing, no organization can be mustered 
into the active service of the United States with less than the minimum 
prescribed peace strength. 

I therefore respectfully call attention to the fact that all companies 
should at once complete its full quota of men. 

Circulars and hand bills reading as follows were printed 
and distributed in moving picture houses, from automobiles 
and at factories, etc., by the recruiting officers of the Fen- 
cibles : 

YOUNG MEN WANTED 

to Join 

STATE FENCIBLES INFANTRY REGIMENT 



NO DUTY unless a call is made by the Mayor, Governor or Presi- 
dent of the United States. 



The State Fencibles is the oldest Infantry Command in Pennsyl- 
vania. Organized in 1S13, and has responded to every call of the 
City, State and Nation since that time. 



JOIN NOW. Apply to the Commandant, Armory, Broad below 
Race Street, Philadelphia. 



DO NOT THROW THIS AWAY. 

If you cannot join, hand this to a friend. 

Several recruiting stations were at once opened, one in 
Frankford and two in West Philadelphia. Company E re- 
cruiting at 5203 Market Street and Company F at 6032 
Market Street. Lieutenant A. Stanley Roberts was in 
charge of the recruiting in West Philadelphia. 



132 THE WORLD WAR 1917 

On April 2d five hundred men were added when part of 
the former regiment of the Order of Independent Americans 
joined the Fencibles, as the Third Battalion, under its for- 
mer officers, William D. Single, who was placed in command 
of the Third Battalion as Major. 

Many old Fencibles eager to again serve under its banner 
""ame forward and tendered their services. The following 
letter is typical of many received : 

My Dear Major: 

Consider this my application for Chaplain of the Fencibles in the 
event of your forming a volunteer regiment. 

Please let me know the possibilities. I was a Fencible from 1893 
to 1897. A Corporal in Company M in '98. Would rather serve as 
Chaplain of the Fencibles than any which I know of. 
Trusting to hear favorably, I am 

Yours for U. S. A., 

R. A. Elwood. 

On April 6th, 1917, the Commanding Officer made the fol- 
lowing announcement ; 

1. I am in receipt this morning of two letters from the Maj'or 
of the City of Philadelphia, one stating as follows: 

"I am in receipt of a letter from Mr. J. P. Tumulty, Secretary to 
the President, under date of April 4th, as follows: 

' The President asks me to acknowledge the receipt of your letter 
of April 3d, and to thank you cordially for your tender of the ser- 
vices of the State Fencibles Infantry Regiment, which he is bringing 
to the attention of the Secretary of War. The President appreciates 
this generous offer.' " 

And another stating: 

''I am in receipt of a letter, under date of April 4th, from Gover- 
nor Brumbaugh, in reply to the proffer of the services of the State 
Fencibles, as follows: 

'I beg to acknowledge your letter of April 3d proffering the ser- 
vices of the State Fencibles Infantry Regiment, commanded by Colonel 
Thomas S. Lanard, to your Commonwealth and Nation in case its 
services are needed. 

*I shall immediately convey this information to the Adjutant Gen- 
eral, who will in turn be glad to transmit it to the natiomil govern- 
ment.' " 

2. I desire again to call attention to the fact that each Company 
shall at once recruit to its full strength, and would suggest that for 
two evenings next week (Tuesday and Wednesday) you secure a tent. 



1917 LETTER FROM GOVERNOR 3^33 

etc., from the Q. M. at the Armory and place the same at some con- 
venient point in South Philadelphia, Germantown, North Philadelphia, 
Frankford, Kensington or Tioga for the purpose of recruiting. 

3. All companies must complete their muster before Saturday, April 
14th. 

The newspaper commenting on the tender of the Fen- 
cibles, said: 

The services of the State Fencibles have been tendered by Mayor 
Smith to President Wilson and Governor Brumbaugh, to be used for 
whatever purposes the Command is needed. The letter of the Mayor 
containing the tender reads: 

"Realizing the seriousness of the issue now before Congress, and 
believing that we, as Americans and more especially Philadelphians, 
should take immediate steps to put our country in a more thorough 
state of defense, I, as Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, have caused 
to be organized in this city a complete regiment under the name of 
the State Fencibles Infantry Regiment and commanded by Colonel 
Thomas S. Lanard. 

The State Fencibles ' history is no doubt well-known to you. Organ- 
ized in 1813 and serving during that war, they have since responded 
to every call of the City, State and Nation during 104 years. The 
Command heretofore has been a single l)attalion, and has been recruited 
to a full regiment. The officers are experienced soldiers, some having 
served with this Command for over twenty years. The State Fencibles 
is subject only to the call of the Mayor of the City of Philadelpliia, 
being in my opinion, the only municipal guard in the country, and 
therefore, it affords me pleasure at this time to tender the services 
of this Command for such duties as you may designate. 

On April 8th, 1917, the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia 
received a letter from the Adjutant-General, Thos. J. 
Stewart, Harrisbnrg, Pa., as follows : 

"Your letter of April 3d to the Governor, in re State Fencibles In- 
fantry Regiment, commanded by Colonel Thomas S. Lanard, has been 
referred to this oflSce for consideration and reply. 

Under the law, in the event of hostilities, it is provided that the 
President of the United States shall call into the active service of 
the United States the National Guard of the several States. Follow- 
ing such call the President would probably issue a proclamation calling 
for volunteers, but such volunteer force would be raised exclusively 
under the control of the War Department, and not by the State authori- 
ties, and the commissioned officers of such force would be appointed 
by the President. I quote for your information a paragraph from a 



134 THE WORLD WAR 1917 

letter issued by the Militia Bureau, War Department, under date of 
April 5th. 

'In a situation in which the Nation is face to face with a crisis, 
and the regular forces (Army and Navy) plus the National Guard, 
are unable to meet the situation and give all the protection necessary, 
and more troops are needed, the law does not contemplate that the 
Federal Government shall then call upon the State to form more 
National Guard troops in order that they may be called into Federal 
Service. The laws place this responsibility of organizing more troops 
for strictly Federal use upon the Federal Government, where it properly 
belongs. Both from the standpoint of justice to the States, and of 
efficiency of the forces, the Federal Government should have the duty 
and the responsibility of organizing all forces additional to the 
National Guard after the Guard has been called into the United States 
service.' " 

This ended the hope of the Fencibles to enter the service 
of the United States in the event of war, as State troops. 

On April 2d the Fencibles was but a single battalion of 
264 men on which date permission was given them to recruit 
a full regiment. On April 10th 1200 men had been recruited 
and were ready for parade and review, a record never 
equalled by any military organization in the country. 

On April 10th the following communication was sent to 
the Mayor: 

From Colonel Thomas S. Lanard 

To Hon. Thomas B. Smith, Mayor of the City of Philadelphia: 
Subject — Parade and Review. 

1. Permission is hereby requested to parade the State Fencibles 
Infantry Regiment for review on Saturday evening, April 14th, at 8 
o 'clock. 

2. I would appreciate very much to have the Command reviewed 
by yourself and such other persons as you may designate on the west 
side of City Hall at 8:30 o'clock. 

3. The regiment will parade all men recruited since April 2d. Vou 
will understand we have not equipment for the entire regiment, but 
we will parade all the uniforms we have on hand — the remainder 
will be in civilian clothes. 

4. The Command will parade over the following route: 

Leaving Armory, Broad and Race Streets, south on Broad, west side 
of City Hall to South Penn Square, South Broad to Locust; counter- 
marching to South Penn Square to Juniper, to Market, to Sixth; 
counter-marching to Juniper, Filbert, to Broad and to the Armory. 



1917 NEWSPAPER COMMENTS 135 

5. The Old Guard State Fenciblos will follow the regiment in auto- 
mobiles, carrying the State Feneibles' flags from the War of 1812, 
Mexican War, Civil and Spanish-American Wars. 

The following newspaper announcement was made of this 
parade : 

On Saturday evening, April 14th, the State Fenci])le3 Infantry Regi- 
ment will parade for review by the Mayor of the City of Philadel- 
phia. This will be the first public appearance of the State Fencibles 
since its increase from a battalion to a full regiment. 

The Command on April 2d, when the President delivered his mes- 
sage to Congress, numbered less than 300 men, and within ten days 
have recruited over 1200. All members will participate in the parade 
on Saturday night, and the recruits not equipped with uniforms will 
appear in civilian clothes. 

The formation of the parade will be as follows : 
Staff. 
Band, 

First Battalion: Major John D. Garcia commanding Companies 
D, A, E and F. 

Second Battalion: Major Thomas F. Tinney commanding Com- 
panies C, B, G and H. 

Third Battalion: Major William D. Single commanding Companies 
I, K, L and M. 

Supply Company, Lieutenant C. C. Coleman commanding. 

Machine Gun Company, Captain A. H. Burton commanding. 

Sanitary Detachment, Lieutenant P. S. Stout commanding. 

The Old Guard State Fencibles will accompany the Regiment in 
automobiles with the flags carried by the State Fencibles during the 
past 104 years. 

A newspaper said of this parade : 

■ n 

Twelve hundred strong, the State Fencibles paraded last night for 
the first time as a regiment. Reviewed by Mayor Smith from a stand 
at the west entrance to City Hall, the Regiment presented a singular 
appearance, with its one fully equipped battalion scattered through 
the two ununiformed and unarmed battalions. The reception given to 
the boys who have sprung forward to their country's call, ununiformed 
though they were, was none the less enthusiastic. From the crowds 
that lined the streets, cheer after cheer went up for the passing regi- 
ment. 



136 "^HE WORLD WAR 1917 

The ununiformed and unarmed battalions, 800 men in all,* became 
the centre of attraction. On all sides comments on their appearance 
in civilian clothes could be heard. Then came the question how they 
were to be armed, and who would arm them. The questions found 
their way to the reviewing stand as the regiment was passing and 
were instantly taken up by Mayor Smith. Some of the business men 
gathered to see the review suggested that the organized commercial 
bodies of the city be asked to subscribe a fund of $5000 to arm and 
equip the two newly recruited battalions. The suggestion seemed to 
meet the approval of those discussing the situation, and the proposi- 
tion to raise the equipment fund in that way will be placed before 
the Chamber of Commerce, the Board of Trade and the Bourse. 

The regiment left the Fencibles ' Armory, Broad and Race 
Streets, at 8:30 P. M. Some difficulty was encountered in 
throwing the men into regimental formation, as the Armory 
only accommodates one battalion. This necessitated two 
battalions forming on Broad Street and some delay in get- 
ting started. 

Headed by the regimental band and led by a detachment 
of mounted police, the regiment marched south in Broad 
Street to Filbert Street, where it swung round to the west 
side of the City Hall, passing the reviewing stand erected 
south of the west entrance. There it was reviewed by Mayor 
Smith and a party representing the city departments. Pass- 
ing to South Penn Square, the regiment marched down 
Broad Street to Locust, counter-marching to South Penn 
Square, to Juniper Street, to Market Street, down Market 
Street to Sixth, counter-marching to Broad Street and to 
the Armory. 

Accompanying the regiment were more than twenty mem- 
bers of the Old Guard State Fencibles in automobiles. To 
the Old Guard was detailed the honor of carrying the flags 
of the regiment, some of which have been in service 104 
years. Displayed from a motor car following the regimental 
band was a sign, ''Organized in 1813, the oldest Infantry 
Command in continuous service in the State." 

After the review Mayor Smith invited Colonel Lanard 
to a conference on Monday following, when the question 
of equipping the regiment and its future service was to be 
discussed. 



♦The Regiment paraded 1200 men, 400 In uniforms only. 



CHAPTER VIII. 

Roosevelt Expeditionary Forces. 

formation of roosevelt 's expeditionary forces — tender of 

state fencibles roosevelt 's acceptance newspaper 

comments lecture by major nobds and mckenzie of 

the canadian army — congress passes law authorizing 

volunteers roosevelt 's telegram to the president 

the reply roosevelt 's letter to colonel lanard 

Roosevelt's letter to the state fencibles — fencibles' 

FINAL attempt TO ENTER SERVICE Eil MaSSe. 

About February, 1917, ex-President Colonel Theodore 
Roosevelt seeing the approach of conflict, and believing that, 
which history had proven was America's bulwark, her citi- 
zen soldiers, would soon be needed to protect the honor, 
reputation and high ideals for which we stand, and anxiously 
awaiting an opportunity, by armed forces, to resent the in- 
numerable indignities which had been heaped upon us by 
Prussian Autocracy, laid his plans for the organization of 
certain volunteer divisions to be used in the event of a 
declaration of war. 

It is not my purpose here to dwell upon the details of the 
organization of these units. It is sufficient to say that work 
progressed very rapidly and when war was declared, a por- 
tion of the Roosevelt Expeditionary Forces were sufficiently 
organized to permit them to assemble in a very short time. 
However, the opening of the war found the authorities at 
Washington divided into two groups, one favoring the 
"Volunteer System," the other the new ''Selective Draft," 
therefore, the offer of Colonel Roosevelt to take one or more 
divisions of volunteers immediately to France, met with 
opposition. The general ''Volunteer System" later met 
with defeat ; however, a special bill was introduced in Con- 
gress to permit Colonel Roosevelt to organize four divisions 

137 



]38 ROOSEVELT EXPEDITIONARY FORCES 1917 

of volunteers of men over the first draft age, to proceed at 
once to France. 

It was during this interesting period that the State Fen- 
cibles had been expanded from a single battalion to a full 
regiment and a tender of its services made to the State of 
Pennsylvania to form part of its quota, and also to the 
President for such assignment as he might designate. 

The State of Pennsylvania had officially replied on April 
8th, that their quota was complete and the responsibility of 
raising additional troops was up to the Government at 
Washington. 

The Commandant, after many visits, interviews, letters, 
and petitions, to the officials at Washington, while receiv- 
ing much encouragement, but very little assurance of an 
immediate acceptance, assembled the officers of his Com- 
mand at the Armory on May 8th. A resolution was adopted 
to tender the services of the Command to Colonel Roosevelt 
to become part of his "Expeditionary Force," if authorized 
by Congress. 

On May 9th the following letter was sent by Colonel 
Thomas S. Lanard to Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, at New 
York City. 

1. At a meeting of the Board of Officers of the State Feucibles In- 
fantry Regiment, I was authorized to tender the services of this Com- 
mand (1200 men) to form part of the "Roosevelt Division" for ser- 
vice in France or wherever needed. 

2. The history of the State Fencibles is no doubt familiar to you. 
Organized in 1813 for the second war with England, we have since par- 
ticipated in all the wars and principal events in history of our City, 
State and Nation, and today have the honor of being the oldest 
"Infantry" Command in continuous service in the State of Penn- 
sylvania, if not in the United States. 

3. The State Fencibles are subject only to call for service by the 
Mayor of the City of Philadelphia, who may in turn tender the ser- 
vices of this Command to the State or Nation. 

4. The officers are from twenty-five to forty-five years of age, some 
having served with the Command in the Spanish- American War and 
since remained in its service. The ages of the men eighteen to forty 
years. The organization consists of twelve letter companies, head- 
quarters company, band, supply company and sanitary detachment. 



1917 TELEGRAM— LETTERS 139 

5. I desire also, to tender to you the use of our Armory, situated at 
Broad and Race Streets, two squares from City Hall, for the purpose 
of mustering such units or men as you desire to acceiJt from this 
locality. 

6. I also extend an invitation to any man desiring military instruc- 
tions for the purpose of joining your Command, the privilege of drill- 
ing with this Command any evening at the Armory. 

On receipt of the above letter Cnptaiii AV. E. Dame, acting 
for Colonel Roosevelt, sent the following telegram: 

6 P. M., May 10th. 

Colonel Thomas S. Lanard, 

State Fenciljles Infantry Regiment, Philadelphia. 

Wish to thank you and through you the State Fencibles for the 
patriotic tender of service to Colonel Roosevelt. Your communication 
will be laid before him tomorrow and you may expect personal reply. 

On May 12th the following letter was received : 

Office of 
' Theodore Roosevelt, 

New York. 

May 11th, 1917. 

My Dear Colonel Lanard: 

I think I have written you officially before, but I wish now person- 
ally to express to you and your organization my profound apprecia- 
tion of your patriotic offer. 

As soon as it is convenient for you, I would like to have you come 
in here and see Captain Dame at the Division Headquarters, 753 Fifth 
Avenue. Of course, w^e cannot act definitely until we are authorized 
by the Government to act, but I would like to have Captain Dame get 
in touch with you to learn a number of details. 

With great regard. 

Sincerely yours, 

Theodore Roosevklt. 

Colonel Thomas S. Lanard, 

State Fencibles Infantry Regiment, 

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 



]^40 ROOSEVELT EXPEDITIONARY FORCES 1917 

The news of the acceptance of the Fencibles for service 
with Colonel Roosevelt soon spread like wild fire and was 
made the topic of much newspaper comment. 

One paper said: 

If anything was needed to recruit the State Fencibles to a full war 
strength regiment, it came today with the announcement that Theo- 
dore Roosevelt had accepted the entire regiment for service with his 
expeditionary division, which will probably be the first American in- 
fantry unit sent to France. 

The State Fencibles yet need but few men to fill their ranks of each 
of the twelve companies to the required war strength. These men 
must be over twenty-five years old, as prescribed in the house amend- 
ment of Saturday, calling four volunteer divisions. 

Recruiting is going on at the State Fencibles Armory, Broad Street 
near Race, and with every likelihood that President Wilson will ap- 
prove of the Roosevelt volunteer force, it is probable that the re- 
quired war strength will be reached by the old independent military 
organization before the end of the week. 

The Evening Bulletin said: 

Colonel Thomas Lanard, Commander of the State Fencibles, proffered 
his entire force to Colonel Roosevelt a week ago. Promptly came back 
the answer of acceptance, but it was not until today that Colonel 
Lanard made it public. Mayor Smith, who is ex-oflacio commander- 
in-chief of the Fencibles, expressed surprise when he heard of the 
action of the Commanding Colonel. 

' ' I don 't see how that came about, ' ' he said in astonishment. ' ' The 
organization is a municipal force, and when we organized our com- 
mittee for home defense, I told Colonel Lanard it would be a good 
thing for the Fencibles to allow me to offer the organization to both 
the President and the Governor." 

"Colonel Lanard issued such a request and I offered the Fencibles 
to the President and Governor Brumbaugh. I never heard anything 
about the organization going with Roosevelt and I don't see how that 
can be. You 'd better see Colonel Lanard and find out all about it. ' ' 

The offer to Roosevelt, however, was not made by Colonel Lanard 
until he had waited for some two months without receiving any reply 
from either President Wilson or the Governor, accepting his Com- 
mand, or indicating what would be wanted of them. 

Colonel Lanard, immediately on the receipt of the letter of 
acceptance, went to New York to confer with Colonel Roose- 
velt. In the meantime the Fencibles were attempting to 
add twelve hmidred men to the muster rolls of the regiment 



1917 MEETING— LECTURE— DINNER j^4]^ 

as a reserve force. To that end the following meeting was 
arranged : 

A MEETING will be held at the State Fencibles' Armory Monday 
evening, May 14th, at 8 o'clock. The following talks will bo made: 

MAKING AN ARMY PHYSICALLY FIT 
Major Percy E. Nobds 

Director of the Canadian Army Gymnastic Staff 
Major R. Tait McKenzie 

(R. A. M. C.) Director of Physical Dept. Univ. of Penn. 
Subjects to be taken up: 

GYMNASTICS, GAMES, BAYONET FIGHTING, MARCHING, 
BOMB THROWING— as taught in the English Army. Moving Picture 
Films, Lantern Slides and Demonstrations. 

MAJOR NOBDS will show pictures made in Canada and shown here 
for the first time. 

MAJOR McKENZIE will show pictures taken by himself at Alder- 
shott Training Camp, England. 

At the conclusion of this meeting the officers and guests 
attended a dinner at the Rittenhouse Club, served at 10 :30 
P.M. 

''Every minute and every dollar wasted under these cir- 
cumstances is a present to the Kaiser." In these words 
Major Percy Nobds, of the Canadian Army, summed up the 
immediate necessity for sending an expeditionary force to 
France at the earliest moment. Major Nobds and Major 
R. T. McKenzie, who also saw service in the trenches of 
Flanders, emphasized the need of more men to fight with 
the Allied armies in France. "This is not a dollar war, 
but it is a trench war, and we must have men over there," 
Major McKenzie added. 

The Evening Star on Wednesday, May 16th, 1917, said : 

The State Fencibles will go with Teddy to the front — if Teddy 
goes! 

That is the best news we have had hereabouts in some time. It 
shows that a goodly representation of the youth in this city will be 
given an opportunity to get to the scene of action under a fighting 
commander without loss of time. 

The State Fencibles has a fine record. It has taken part in every 
war since it has been organized, and it has always done good work. 
Of recent years it has not been a part of the National Guard of thii 



142 ROOSEVELT EXPEDITIONARY FORCES 1917 

State, but has been a separate battalion under the command and 
auspices of the City. 

Just so soon as war was declared the Command was expanded into 
a full regiment so as to be a real unit and of use in the organization 
of the new armies. Mayor Smith, the Civic Commander of the organ- 
ization, told Colonel Thomas S. Lanard to get ready for work and 
offered the Command to the United States and to the State. 

It seems that so far neither have accepted the offer and Colonel 
Lanard got tired of waiting and offered the Fencibles to "Teddy," 
who lost no time in accepting. 

So, there is every likelihood of the Fencibles getting to the front 
ere long and that it will have a fine chance to show what it can do 
as a fighting command under a fighting commander. 

There are other Philadelphians on the lists of the Roosevelt Division, 
but not all of them are known. One of the most prominent is Judge 
John M. Patterson, of Common Pleas Court No. 1, whose term has 
yet seven years to run. 

There are others from this city who have offered and when Roosevelt 
is permitted to go — as he surely ought to be permitted to go — there 
will be behind him a goodly number of the sons of this city ready 
to do credit, not alone to the flag they follow, but to the City of Phila- 
delphia, which will be inordinately proud of them. 

The Evening Bulletin, in an editorial, said : 

If the State Fencibles are accepted by the President as part of the 
Roosevelt forces, they may be expected to give a good account of 
themselves. At present the country is in a state of doubt as to what 
we really are going to do in this great war, but as France wants men 
and our men are willing to go, it is hardly likely that the President will 
interfere with the legislation of Congress. 

Our State Fencibles are the oldest of the large infantry organ- 
izations in the country from volunteer ranks. It is more than a cen- 
tury since they were organized and many considerations give them 
prominence. Not long ago they left the National Guard because they 
did not wish to become part of a rural regiment. Yet they have 
gained rather than lost in discipline, for on several occasions they have 
won prizes for distinction in military maneuvers. They contain much 
good military material and would be proud to serve under the banner 
of Roosevelt, 

The New York Tribune on May 14th said: 

Applications for enrollment in the Roosevelt Division have been 
pouring in so fast in the last few days that Captain W. E. Dame was 
compelled to put in the whole day yesterday at the Roosevelt Head- 



1917 TELEGRAM— PRESIDENT 'S REFUSAL I43 

quarters, 753 Fifth Avonuo, trying to catch up with the work. More 
than 11,000 applications, all from men over thirty years old, and 
therefore not eligible for draft, have been received in the last two 
days. 

A message was received from Colonel Thomas S. Lanard, command- 
ing the State Fenciblcs of Philadelphia, the crack independent military 
organization of Pennsylvania, offering the services of his entire regi- 
ment of 1200 men, fully equipped. Colonel Lanard also offered 
Colonel Roosevelt the use of the Philadelphia Armory for any pur- 
poses to which it might be put. 

From Detroit came an offer of the services of one thousand expert 
motor drivers, most of whom have seen service in Mexico and along 
the Mexican Border with the Regulars and National Guardsmen. 

The very interesting and important subject under consid- 
eration at "Washington by Congress, the ''Roosevelt Expedi- 
tionary Forces," by this time had engaged the attention of 
the "Public Press" through this country and Europe. Con- 
gress, after much debate, finally, in the middle of May, 
passed a bill authorizing the formation of four divisions at 
the call of the President, 

On the passage of the bill, Colonel Roosevelt sent a tele- 
gram to the President in part as follows : 

"I resj^ectfully ask permission immediately to raise two divisions 
for immediate service at the front under the bill which has just be- 
come law and hold myself ready to raise four divisions if you so 
direct." 

The author of this book had the good fortune to be with 
Colonel Roosevelt at this time and to him the Colonel said, 
in speaking of the formation of these Divisions: 

' ' I propose, in accordance with what I know to be the wish of the 
military authorities among the Allies, to have these divisions ready 
to sail for France within thirty days. If the War Department cannot 
supply rifles, we could get them from the French and British, and we'll 
have at least two of the four divisions on the firing line by Septem- 
ber." 

The President, however, refused Colonel Roosevelt's 
tender of these divisions and thus ended the hope of the 
State Fencibles to join forces with that brave, loyal patriot. 



144 ROOSEVELT EXPEDITIONARY FORCES 1917 

whose every thought, whose every act, who since his first 
appearance in the arena of public affairs, was to make 
'^ America better for Americans." 

It was the Author's privilege to have known Colonel 
Roosevelt in this great patriotic movement and I do not 
hesitate to say that no set back in his entire career was so 
keenly felt as the refusal of his country to appreciate fully 
his tender of service in this "World War," the greatest 
event in modern times. 

On May 19th the following letter was sent by Colonel 
Thomas S. Lanard to Captain W. E. Dame at the Roosevelt 
Division Headquarters at New York: 

1. I note from the report in today's paper that the President has 
refused at this time to call into service the Roosevelt Division. 

2. I also note that Governor Whitman has offered Colonel Roose- 
velt a commission as Major-Geueral to raise a division in New York 
State, the members not necessarily coming from that State. 

3. The officers and members of this Command, having cast their lot 
with Colonel Roosevelt, still desire to remain loyal to him in any 
movement he may undertake. 

4. I would therefore appreciate very much if you would at the 
earliest possible date advise me whether Colonel Roosevelt will desire 
the services of this Command in the event of forming his New York 
Division. As it will become necessary for me in a very few days to 
make an official report to the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia on 
the status of this movement, I therefore desire to lay before him all 
information that I can possibly secure. 

To this letter the following reply was received : 

Office of 

Theodore Roosevelt, 

New York. 

May 21st, 1917. 
Dear Colonel Lanard: 

Replying to your communication of May 19th, I beg to say to you 
that I will lay the same before Colonel Roosevelt at the first ojjpor- 
tuuity. It is quite probable that I will see hira tomorrov/, and will 
call this matter to his attention, and I will advise you immediately 
as to his future intentions. 

The Colonel, I know, will appreciate the loyalry of the State Fen- 
cibles, and it will be a matter of great pride to him, even if he is not 



1917 LETTER FROM COLONEL ROOSEVELT 145 

allowed to undertake the recruiting of a force for service in the pres- 
ent war. 

Yours very truly, 

W. E. Dame. 



On May 25th the Commandant of the State Fencibles re- 
ceived two letters from Colonel Roosevelt, one to the Com- 
mandant, the other to the members of the State Fencibles, 
the former being as follows : 

Office of 

Theodore Roosevelt, 

New York, 

Room 402. 

May 25th, 1917. 

Colonel Thomas S. Lanard, 

State Fencibles Infantry Regiment, 

Philadelphia, Pa 

My Dear Colonel: 

You have doubtless seen the President's announcement wherein ne 
refused to make use of the Volunteer Forces which Congress had 
autliorized him to permit me to raise. 

Prior to this announcement by the President, I had sent him a 
telegram as follows: 

"I respectfully ask permission immediately to raise two divisions 
for immediate service at the front under the bill which has just become 
law and hold myself ready to raise four divisions if you so direct. 
I respectfully refer for details to my last letters to the Secretary of 
War. If granted permission, I earnestly ask that Captain Frank 
McCoy be directed to report to me at once. Also if permission to 
raise the divisions is granted, I would like to come to Washington as 
soon as the War Department is willing, so that I may find what sup- 
plies are available and at once direct the regular officers who are 
chosen for brigade and regimental commands, how and whore to get 
to work." 

To this the President answered as follows: 

' ' I very much regret that I cannot comply with tlie request in your 
telegram of yesterday. The reasons I have stated in a pul)lic state- 
ment made this morning and I need not assure you that my conclusions 
were based entirely upon imperative considerations of public policy 
and not upon personal or private choice." 

Accordingly, I communicated with as many of the men who had 
agreed to raise units for service in this division as possible, and after 



X46 ROOSEVELT EXPEDITIONARY FORCES 1917 

consultation with about twenty of them, I issued the statement which 
is herewith appended.* 

I now release you and all your men. I wish to express my deep 
sense of obligation to you and to all those who had volunteered under 
and in connection with this division. 

As you doubtless know, I am very proud of the "Rough Riders," 
the First Volunteer Cavalry, with whom I served in the Spanish- Ameri- 
can War. I believe it is a just and truthful statement of the facts 
when I say that this regiment did as well as any of the admirable 
regular regiments with which it served in the Santiago campaign. 
It was raised, armed, equipped, drilled, mounted, dismounted, kept 
two weeks aboard transports and put through two victorious aggres- 
sive fights in which it lost one-third of the officers and one-fifth of 
the men; all within sixty days from the time I received my commis- 
sion. 

If the President had permitted me to raise the four divisions, I 
am certain that they would have equalled this record, only on a hun- 
dred-fold larger scale. They would have all been on the firing line 
before or shortly after the draft army had begun to assemble; and 
moreover they could have been indefinitely reinforced, so that they 
would have grown continually stronger and more efficient. 

I regret from the standpoint of the country that your services 
were not utilized. But the country has every reason to be proud of the 
zeal, patriotism and business-like efficiency with which you came 
forward. 

With all good wishes, 

Faithfully yours, 

Theodore Roosevelt. 

To the members of the Command Colonel Roosevelt ad- 
dressed the following letter: 

May 21st, 1917. 

To the Men Who Have Volunteered for Immediate Service on the 
Firing Line in the Divisions Which Congress Authorized: 

The President has announced that he will decline to permit those 
divisions to be organized or to permit me to have a command in 
connection with such a force. After consultation yesterday, personally 
or by wire, with some of the men who have volunteered to raise units 
— regiments and battalions — for the divisions, including Thomas S. 
Lanarcl and John C. Groome, of Pennsylvania; Seth Bullock, of South 
Dakota; John C. Greenway, of Arizona; John M. Parker, of Louisiana; 
Robert Carey, of Wyoming; J. P. Donnelly, of Nevada; Sloan Simp- 

*The letter Immediately follows this one. 



1917 LETTER FROM COLONEL ROOSEVELT I47 

son, of Texas; D. C. Collier, and F. R. Burnliam, of California; L L. 
Reeves, Frazer Metzger and H. Nelson Jackson, of Vermont; Harry 
Stimson, W. J. Schieffclin and William II. Donovan, of New York, and 
Messrs. James R. Garfield, Raymond Robbing, R. II. Clianuing, David 
M. Goodrich, W. E. Dame, George Roosevelt, Richard Derby and vari- 
ous others who were immediately accessible, it was decided unani- 
mously that in view of the decision of the President, the only course 
open to us is forthwith to disband and to abandon all further effort in 
connection with the divisions, thereby leaving each man free to get 
into the military service in some other way, if this is possible, and, if 
not, then to serve his country in civil life as he best can. 

As good American citizens we loyally obey the decision of the Com- 
mander-in-Chief of the American Army and Navy. The men who 
have volunteered will now consider themselves absolved from all fur- 
ther connection with this movement. The funds that have been prom- 
ised will be treated as withdrawn and applied to other purposes. I 
therefore direct that this statement be sent to the leaders in the vari- 
ous States who have been raising troops and that it be published. 

Our sole aim is to help in every way in the successful prosecution of 
the war and we most heartily fool that no individual 's personal interest 
should for one moment be considered save as it serves the general 
public interest. We rejoice that a division composed of our fine 
regular soldiers and marines under so gallant and efficient a leader as 
General Pershing is to be sent abroad. We have a right to a certain 
satisfaction in connection therewith. 

The Broohlyn Eagle last evening stated authoritatively that: 

"The sending of this expedition was a compromise between the orig- 
inal plans of the General Staff, which favored no early expedition, and 
the request of Colonel Roosevelt for authority for an immediate ex- 
pedition. The Roosevelt agitation, backed by the express desire of 
such distinguished military leaders as General Joffre and General 
Petain, unquestionably had its effect in bringing about the Pershing 
expedition. The compromise is that France gets American soldiers 
in the trenches, but Roosevelt will not lead or accompany them. It 
is believed in Washington that any criticism for turning down Roose- 
velt will be fully answered by the fact that American soldiers are 
going over." 

If this gives the explanation of the matter, I gladly say that we 
are all unselfishly pleased to have served this use, although naturally 
we regret not to have been allowed ourselves to render active service. 

It is due to the men who have come forward in this matter during 
the three and a half months since February 2d, when I began the work 
of raising one or more divisions, that the following facts should bo 
known: 

If yesterday my offer immediately to raise four divisions for im- 
mediate use at the front had been accepted, the various units of the 
First Division would tomorrow have begun to assemble at whatever 



148 ROOSEVELT EXPEDITIONARY FORCES 1917 

points the War Department had indicated, and they would have 
assembled in full force and without an hour's delay as rapidly as the 
War Department directed them where to go and as soon as it pro- 
vided them camping places, tents, blankets, etc. 

We were prepared by the use of private funds partly to make good 
any immediate lack in such supplies as regards many of the units. 
Fifteen days afterward the second division w^ould have mobilized in 
a similar fashion, and then, at intervals of thirty days, the two other 
divisions. 

In accordance with what I had found to be the wish of the military 
authorities among our Allies the divisions would have been ready to 
sail for France for intensive training at the theatre of war in thirty 
days, if the War Department were able to furnish supplies; and we 
would have asked permission to use the rifles and ammunition now in 
use in the French and British armies. 

All four divisions would have sailed and two would have been on 
the firing line by September 1st, the time at which the Secretary of 
War has announced that the assembling of the selective draft army is 
to begin. About one-half of our men, at least of those in the first 
division, were men who had already seen military service. 

I wish respectfully to point out certain errors into which the Presi- 
dent has been led in his announcement. He states that the purpose 
was to give me an ' ' independent ' ' command. In my last letter to the 
Secretary of War I respectfully stated that if I were given permis- 
sion to raise an army corps of two divisions, to be put under the com- 
mand of some general like Wood or Pershing, or Barry, or Kuhn, 
I desired for myself only the position of junior among the eight 
brigade commanders. My position would have been exactly the same 
as theirs, except that I would have ranked after and have been subor- 
dinate to the rest of them. 

The President alludes to our proffered action as one that would 
have an effect "politically," but as not contributing to the "success 
of the war," and as representing a "policy of personal gratification 
or advantage." I wish respectfully but emphatically to deny that any 
political consideration whatever or any desire for personal gratifica- 
tion or advantage entered into our calculations. Our undivided pur- 
pose was to contribute effectively to the success of the war. 

I know nothing whatever of the politics of the immense majority of 
the men who came forward, and those whose politics I do know num- 
bered as many Democrats as Republicans. My purpose was to enable 
the Government to use as an invaluable military asset the men who 
would not be reached under the selective draft, who wfre fit for 
immediate service, and the great majority of whom would not other- 
wise be used at all. 

As above pointed out, all four divisions, if the War Department 
could equip them, would have been sent to the aid of our hard-pressed 
Allies before the training of the selective draft army was even begun. 



1917 LETTER FROM COLONEL ROOSEVELT 149 

and they would not have been put into the firiu;;- line until the French 
and British military authorities deemed them fit. 

The President says in effect that to comply with our offer would 
have been mischievous from the military standpoint, and he adds that 
the regular officers whom I have asked to have associated with me 
are ' ' some of the most effective officers of the regular army, ' ' who 
"cannot possibly be spared from the duty of training regular troops." 
One of the chief qualifications for military command is to choose for 
one's associates and subordinates "the most effective officers," and 
this qualification the President thus states that I possess. 

As for my withdrawing them from the "more pressing and neces- 
sary duty of training" the troops, I wish to point out that I had 
asKed for about fifty regular officers from lieutenant-colonels to second 
lieutenants for the first division. This would be only about one-tenth 
of the number who will go with General Pershing's division which, 
the President announces, is to be composed exclusively of regulars. 
Therefore, the present plan will take from "most pressing and 
necessary duty" about ten times as many regular officers as would 
have been taken under our proposal. 

It has been stated that the regular officers are opposed to our 
I)lan. As a matter of fact "the most effective" fighting officers have 
been eager to be connected with or to have under them the troops we 
proposed to raise. 

The President condemns our proposal on the ground that "un- 
dramatic" action is needed, action that is "practical and of scienti- 
fic definiteness and precision." There was nothing dramatic in our 
proposal save as all proposals indicating eagerness or willingness to 
sacrifice life for an ideal are dramatic. It is true that our division 
would have contained the sons or grandsons of men who in the Civil 
War wore the blue or the gray; for instance, the sons or grandsons 
of Phil Sheridan, Fitzhugh Lee, Stonewall Jackson, James A. Gar- 
field, Simon Bolivar Buckner, Adna R. Chaffee, Nathan Bedford 
Forest; but these men would have served with commissions or in the 
ranks, precisely like the rest of us; and all alike would have been 
judged solely by the efficiency — including the "scientific definiteness" 
— with which they did their work and served the flag of their loyal 
devotion. 

Theodore Roosevelt. 



Again the hope of the Fencibles to be among the early 
troops to embark for France was dashed on the rocks of 
misfortune, bnt there was still another avenue open and 
that was the possibility of the State of Pennsylvania being 
called upon to form several new regiments to be sent im- 
mediately into the service. 



X50 ROOSEVELT EXPEDITIONARY FORCES 1917 

After consultation with Mayor Smith, the Commandant 
sent the following letter to the Adjutant General at Harris- 
burg: 

1. The Mayor of the City of Philadelphia has called to my atten- 
tion that his tender to the Governor of the State Fencibles to form 
one of the regiments in this State has been referred to you. 

2. The Mayor has directed me to inquire what disposition will be 
made of this tender, as the time is fast approaching when men now 
connected with this Command may be called under the draft and he 
is very anxious to preserve this Command as a unit and have them 
enter the services of this State. 

3. I would therefore appreciate any information you can give me 
on this subject at the earliest possible date. 

Replying to this letter, Governor Brumbaugh addressed 
the following letter to Mayor Thomas B. Smith : 

I beg to acknowledge your letter of May 31st, relative to tendering 
the services of the State Fencibles Infantry Regiment of Philadel- 
phia to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. 

I beg to advise you that this whole matter is in the hands of the 
Adjutant General, to whom I shall refer your letter. 

With personal appreciations of your courtesy and with expressions 
of sincere regard and good will to the regiment so patriotically dis- 
posed, I am 

Very truly yours, 

(Sgd.) M. G. Brumbaugh. 

Later the following letter was received from the Adjutant 
General's office, Harrisburg: 

Your letter of May 31st has been referred to this office for con- 
sideration and reply. 

There will be no additional units added to the Pennsylvania 
National Guard for the purpose of muster into the Federal service, and 
therefore it is impossible to recognize your wishes as to having the 
State Fencibles mustered into the service as a unit from Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Your information as to the three new regiments of infantry to be 
mustered in from the State of Pennsylvania is probably based upon a 
bill now pending in the General Assembly, providing for the creation 
of a Pennsylvania Reserve Militia in the State, when the National 
Guard has been called into the active service of the Federal Govern- 
ment. 



1917 LETTEK FROM ADJUTANT GENERAL 151 

This bill will provide for the organization of three regiments of in- 
fantry and one squadron of cavalry, but under the provisions of this 
bill these organizations are to be apportioned about the State so that 
they will occupy armories owned by the State of Pennsylvania and 
in which organizations of the National Guard were quartered and this 
in order that the said armories may be properly cared for during the 
absence of the National Guard on Federal duty. This provision would 
probably prevent the organization of a regiment of infantry in Phila- 
delphia, 

It is to bo regretted that the State Fencibles Infantry Regiment 
cannot bo in some way given recognition by the Federal Government 
and accepted and mustered into the Federal service, but under the 
reg-ulations and plans formulated by the War Department, it does not 
seem possible to do so. 

Very respectfully, 

(Sgd.) Thos. J. Stewart, 

The Adjutant-General of Pennsylvania. 

The Commandant had for some time fully realized that 
the chances of taking this Command into service as a unit 
were very slim. All officers and men were given leave to 
attach themselves to such other units as may be possible, 
so that the Fencibles, although not serving as a unit, its 
officers and men could represent in other Commands during 
the war, the spirit for which the Fencibles stand. That 
many did so may be best judged from Chapter X, which 
gives in part the members of the Fencibles who served in 
the World War. 



CHAPTER IX. 

Current Events 1917-1919. 

fencibles' visit to hartford and new york return of 

second pennsylvania artillery war declared visit of 

ITALIAN ENVOYS 104tH ANNIVERSARY OFFICERS CAMP AT 

BROOMALL FENCIBLES AS ESCORT HIKE TO TRAYMORE 

ACTIVITIES AT ARMORY DURING WAR HIKE TO PORT INDIAN 

INSPECTION 105th ANNIVERSARY MAJOR PRITTIE ELECTED 

HIKE TO BELMONT FARMS CAMP AT JANNEY FLU EPIDEMIC 

BALL OLD GUARD NEW YORK INSPECTION 106tH ANNI- 
VERSARY CAMP 1919. 

The first event of this year was January 3d, 1917, when 
several officers attended the Inaugural Reception given to 
the Governor of Connecticut by the First Company, Gover- 
nor's Foot Guard at Hartford, Conn., on Wednesday even- 
ing. 

On Wednesday evening, January 10th, 1917, the officers 
attended a reception of the Veteran Guard, Third Regi- 
ment Infantry, N. G. P., tendered to Captain Robert Lee 
Russell, U. S. N., Commandant Philadelphia Navy Yard, 
and Mrs. Robert Lee Russell at Horticultural Hall. The 
reception was followed by a dance. 

On January 29th several of the officers of the Fencibles 
left for New York to attend the annual ball of the Old Guard 
of New York to be held at the Hotel Astor, New York City. 

On February 12th thousands braved cold to see militia 
parade and reception tendered the Second Regiment, Penn- 
sylvania Artillery, on its return from the Mexican Border. 

Arctic-like winds that swept over the city had no terrors 
for more than 100,000 Philadelphians, who banked them- 
selves on Broad Street and stood for several hours to ex- 

152 



1917 RETURN OP SECOND REGIMENT I53 

tend a welcoming hand and a hearty cheer to boys of the 
"Second" who returned from the Mexican Border early 
Sunday morning. In their Armory at Broad Street and 
Susquehanna Avenue, the night before, the Artillerymen 
were given a welcome by the city officials, as well as hun- 
dreds of their friends and relatives who crowded into the 
big drill hall. 

The frigid atmosphere, coupled with horses unused to 
their task, for a time created consternation in the ranks of 
the regiment, and on several occasions threatened disaster 
to the entire parade. Recruited from the stables of street 
cleaning contractors and department stores, the animals 
that drew the guns, caissons and transport wagons first be- 
gan to cut capers unbecoming artillery horses at Broad and 
Callowhill Streets, where the "Second" formed for the 
parade. As the line proceeded down Broad Street they 
pranced and kicked about until the troopers were at their 
wits end to prevent collisions. As it was, there was several 
mix-ups and time and again horses dropped to the pave- 
ment. 

But despite the trouble created by the horses, the parade 
was pronounced an unqualified success and the men of the 
"Second" drew cheer after cheer from their admiring 
friends. As an escort in the homecoming march, the 
"Second" had the First and Third Regiments of the city, 
which had a few months before returned from the Border ; 
veterans of the Civil War; veterans of the Spanish War; 
the State Fencibles and the Old Guard of the Second Regi- 
ment. The entire line formed in the vicinity of Broad and 
Callowhill, proceeded down Broad to Fitzwater Street, and 
then counter-marched to the Second Regiment Armory, at 
Broad Street and Susquehanna Avenue. 

Following the parade, the men were given a banquet in 
the Second Regiment Armory, which had been decorated 
handsomely for the occasion. Heads of the city depart- 
ments and officers of other commands joined in the greeting 
to the Artillerymen. 

The mounted band which the regiment trained at the 
Border had the satisfaction of playing one tune before the 



154 CURRENT EVENTS 1917 

parade began. When the order to move was given, the 
band leader raised his baton and the only sound that broke 
upon the frosty air came from the drums; so cold was it 
that the horns and other instruments were frozen tight. 
From that time on it was a silent band that rode in the 
parade. Other bands experienced similar trouble, and 
although there were many musical organizations in the line, 
martial airs were few and far between. 

A reviewing stand had been erected in front of the Regi- 
ment's Armory, and from this point the parade was wit- 
nessed by the Councilmanic Committee that arranged for 
the reception. Not all the Councilmen viewed the proceed- 
ings from the stand. Before half the line passed, many of 
the solons had beaten a hasty retreat to places w^here the 
thermometer was several degrees higher. 

On Thursday evening, April 12th, the last dance for the 
Spring season was held at the Armory. 

On Monday evening, April 16th, the Entertainment Com- 
mittee held a benefit at the Walnut Street Theatre. "Peg 
0' My Heart" was the attraction, and on Thursday evening, 
April 26th, a smoker at the Armory. The purpose of these 
two entertainments was to raise funds to celebrate the 104th 
Anniversary in May. The celebration that year was to have 
been an outing from Philadelphia to Baltimore by boat, 
sightseeing tour of Baltimore; thence to Gettysburg to the 
monument of the Seventy-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers, 
in which regiment many Fencibles fought during the Civil 
War, and its Lieutenant-Colonel (Hesser) was a Fencible.* 
A tour of the battlefield was to follow and a banquet at the 
hotel. The trip was to last three days.f 

It was during this period that the State Fencibles began 
its movement to organize a full regiment for service in the 
event of war, a full account of which appears in Chapter 
VII of this book. On completion of the formation of the 
regiment a dinner commemorating its organization was 

•Colonel Hesser was killed at Mine Run, Va., November 27tli, 1863. 
I Postponed on account of the war. 



1917 VISIT OF ITALIAN ENVOYS I55 

given by the Board of Officers at the Armory Wednesday 
evening, April 18th. Many interesting speeches were de- 
livered on this occasion. 

On May 30th Company G paraded in South Pliiladelphia 
as an escort to Post 24, G. A. R., and Company A paraded 
in West Philadelphia as an escort to the Spanish War 
Veterans. 

An event which attracted much attention was the recep- 
tion given the Italian Envoys by the City of Philadelphia. 
In an official proclamation the Mayor asked that Philadel- 
phia should once more outdo itself in entertaining the rep- 
resentatives of one of its great Allies in the war. The en- 
voys were expected to arrive about midday on Wednesday, 
June 20th. 

A committee of citizens was appointed to receive the visi- 
tors on behalf of the city. The arrangements were made to 
take them from Broad Street Station through a lane formed 
of the silk banners of the various Italian societies in Phila- 
delphia. After this they were to be quartered at the Ritz- 
Carlton, then proceed to the Columbus Statue at Fairmount 
Park for an interchange of medals between the two Nations, 
Italy and the United States. They were to be banqueted at 
the Bellevue-Stratford in the evening. The State Fencibles 
were appointed as an escort for the visitors. 

The newspapers said of this occasion : 

With an explosive force audible for blocks from Broad Street 
Station, a demonstration such as is seldom witnessed in this staid 
old city, manifested to the dignified envoys the fact that they were 
in the hands of admiring friends. 

The noisy demonstration in the trainshed, thrilling and inspiring 
as it was, had not prepared any one in the party for the ovation 
which greeted them as they came within view of the street. 

The Infantry Battalion State Fencibles, drawn up in line across 
Market Street, snapped rifles to the "present," while their officers 
tendered the sabre salute. A band threatened to blow its instru- 
ments to pieces in the "Marcia Reale," the Italian anthem. And 
bedlam seemed to have broken loose. 

Across Broad Street, tier upon tier, the windows and window ledges 
of City Hall showed eager onlookers. Eveiy inch of space in the 



]^56 CURRENT EVENTS 1917 

vicinity, not blocked off by the ropes of the police, was packed solidly 
with people. They leaned out every window within view. They 
blocked traffic absolutely on Market, Fifteenth and Broad Streets. 
They clung like leeches to statues and subway excavation barriers on 
City Hall plaza and they hung precariously from seemingly impos- 
sible places at the windows of the tall office buildings in the vicinity. 

Along the City Hall side of Broad Street, south of Market, were 
lined delegations of the Italian societies, their color dominating 
everything, swelling, crashing, thundering, never ceasing, came the 
tumultuous welcome of the thousands. 

When the last automobile was filled with visitors and members of 
the committee had swung around the corner to Broad Street, the band 
and the State Feneibles moved into the column and all proceeded to 
the Ritz-Carlton, where the Envoys had their headquarters during 
their visit. 

Among the members of the Italian Mission and party were His 
Excellency, Enrico Arlotta and Marquis Luigi Borsarelli di Rifreddo, 
under Secretary of State for foreign affairs j Honorable Guglielmo 
Marconi, Senator of the Kingdom; Honorable Augusto Ciufelli, mem- 
ber of the Chamber of Deputies; Honorable Francesco Saverio Nitti, 
member of the Chamber of Deputies; Cavaliere de Parento, of the 
Italian Foreign Office, Honorary Secretary of the Mission; General 
Guglielmotti, Military Attache of the Italian Embassy at Washington; 
John Latta Ryan, Secretary Embassy, Department of State; John 
P. S. Harrison, Civilian Aide, Attache to the Mission. 

The first official outing of the officers of the newly-formed 
State Feneibles Regiment was on June 29th, when the 
officers and non-commissioned officers went into camp for 
instructions at Broomall, Pa. The order for this camp was 
as follows: 

Orders. 
Special I. 

1. The commissioned officers and sergeants of this Command will 
report at the Armory on Friday evening, June 29th, at 7:30 sharp 
for camp, prepared to march at 7:45 o'clock. 

2. The officers and non-commissioned officers will be organized as 
a company under the command of the Commandant. 

3. The uniform and equipment for officers and non-commissioned 
officers will consist as follows: Olive drab uniform, olive drab shirt, 
campaign hat, leggins, Krag rifle and belt, I. D. R. compass, note book 
and pencil. All toilet articles will be carried in haversacks. 

4. Captain A. Stanley Roberts will erect the camp and will report 
to the Commandant Tuesday morning for instructions. 



1917 HIKE TO TRAYMORE I57 

5. Captain A. H. Burton will report for instructions on Tuesday 
evening. 

6. Blankets, poncho and cot will be furnished each man in camp 
on arrival Friday evening, 

7. Tlie camp will be erected at Broomall, Delaware County, I'a. 

By order of 

Thomas S. Lanakd, 

Colonel. 

This camp proved a great success. It was the first time in 
years that the officers were drilled as privates in a company 
and compelled to do all the work incident to the life of a 
"rookie." At the conclusion of the camp, at the evening 
mess, the officers assembled and presented to the Comman- 
dant, Colonel Lanard, a beautiful gold wrist watch. 

Tlie Fencibles on Saturday, September 1st, acted as "offi- 
cial escort" to Mayor Smith on the occasion of the "Volun- 
teer and Draftmen's Parade." The Regiment met at the 
Armory at 12 o'clock noon, ready to march at 12:30 sharp. 
A special band was provided. 

Immediately after the "Official Escort," the Command 
left for a hike to Traymore, Pa., to remain from Saturday, 
September 1st, to Monday, September 3d. 

It was about this time that the Philadelphia Officers' 
Training Battalion, which had been drilling at the Univer- 
sity of Pennsylvania, discontinued its activities and about 
sufficient men to form one company enlisted in the Fencibles. 

During the fall of the year the Fencibles suffered much 
from having its ranks depleted by its members entering 
the army. As has been stated in another chapter of this 
book, the organization had been denied the right to partici- 
pate in the war as a unit.* The members were fast entering 
the different commands, organizations and training camps, 
then authorized by the War Department. However, there 
was much to do by those who remained at homo; classes for 
instruction were organized for medical men, who antici- 
pated entering the service, where they could learn some of 

•No Philadelphia command was permitted to remain as It originally entered the service. 



l^g CURRENT EVENTS 1918 

the fundamental principles and the paper work incident to 
that department. Special drills were held for men called 
in the draft. Many of the ofiicers and men devoted their 
time to Red Cross and Liberty Loan work. Many of the 
war workers, both male and female organizations, were per- 
mitted to use the Armory. 

The Regiment, which had been formed primarily for the 
purpose of entering the service as a body, was kept intact. 
Many new officers and men were recruited from time to time, 
and on Saturday and Sunday, December 1st and 2d, a winter 
hike was taken by the officers to Port Indian, Pa. 

The annual dinner of the Board of Officers was held at 
Hanscom's Market Street restaurant. This dinner was a 
marked contrast to the annual dinners of other years. By 
this time every one had fully awakened to the grave respon- 
sibilities the war had thrust upon us. Many of the Board of 
Officers were then in camp and who knew, when, if ever, they 
would return again? Wliile the dinner was a pleasant 
affair, nevertheless it lacked that "pep" and Fencible "bon 
vivant" spirit which has always so characterized these 
events in other years. 

New Year's Day, 1918, the Armory was open, as has been 
the custom for years, to the public for inspection and re- 
union of old-time Fencibles. 

The early part of the year was busily occupied, and on 
March 8th the Board of Officers met at the Rosemont Cafe to 
celebrate the anniversary of the appointment of the Fen- 
cibles to the Centennial Legion. 

On March 21st there was a Spring inspection by the 
Director of Public Safety and this was followed by a dinner 
and entertainment at the Armory on the evening of the 28th. 

On March 30th the officers attended the annual reception 
of the Wanamaker Cadets at the Wanamaker Store. The 
reception was followed by a dinner. 

The 105th Anniversary of the Fencibles was celebrated on 
May 27th at the Armory. On this occasion the Command 



1918 HIKE— CAMP— FLU EPIDEMIC 159 

had as its guest Captain Ross, of the Canadian Army, who 
saw much service in Fhmders ; General Ward, Colonel R. M. 
J. Reed, Warren Griffith, Esq., and many others. All who 
were present will long remember this dinner. The lesson 
in American history, there taught, will be very interestingly 
recalled by all who had the good fortune to attend. 

On May 30th Company C acted as escort for Post 24, G. 
A. R. 

On June 10th Captain Edwin J. Prittie, Company C, was 
elected Major of the Infantry Battalion State Fencibles; 
the First Battalion of tlie State Fencibles Infantry Regi- 
ment. After an informal reception at the Armory, a dinner 
was tendered him by the Board of Officers at the Manufac- 
turers' Club. 

On July 13th the new Major assembled the officers of his 
Battalion for a hike and officers' school at Belmont Farms, 
Bridgeport, Pa. While there they were entertained at the 
Garrick Theatre by the o^vners, Messrs. A. & L. Sablosky, 
and on Sunday evening a dinner was tendered the Major 
and his officers by Mrs. Henry Porter, of Bridgeport, Pa., 
wife of Lieutenant Porter, the Battalion Adjutant. 

On August 3d the Command left the Armory for a ten- 
day camp at Janney, Bucks County, Pa. At this camp, in 
addition to the members of the Fencibles, all the draft men 
who expected to enter the service were invited to attend. 
Many from Philadelphia, Camden, Norristown, Bristol and 
other places availed themselves of this offer. The camp 
was a decided success. The new Medical Corps of the State 
Fencibles, organized for the war, went into camp for the 
first time.* 

The fall of this year brought more sorrow into the homes 
of the citizens of Philadelphia than had been known in the 
history of this city. A plague, a pestilence, a fatal epidemic 
was visited on our people. From Maine to California, from 
the Gulf to the Great Lakes, in every city, town and hamlet 

•See Chapter XII for article on this organization. 



160 CURRENT EVENTS 1919 

it called for its toll. Strong men were stricken and fell 
almost by the wayside. Women and cliildren, the rich, the 
poor, the meek and lowly were but chaff before its ever- 
increasing immolations. The medical science called it, for 
the want of a better explanation to the public, the '*flu." 
In the early part of October the mortality was so high that 
the Mayor of the City closed all public halls, theatres and 
meeting places, and therefore, pursuant to said proclama- 
tion, the Armory was closed from October 12th to November 
15th, when the plague, having subsided, business again 
assumed a normal aspect, the Armory was reopened and 
drills resumed. 

On December 18th the Board of Officers assembled at the 
Armory for their annual meeting and dinner. No guests 
were present on this occasion. 

The first event of importance in 1919 was the annual ball 
of the Old Guard of New York, held at the Hotel Commodore 
in New York City January 31st. Several of the Fencibles' 
officers were present. 

On February 5th R. L. McNeal, a druggist on Front 
Street, Philadelphia, presented the Regiment with a large 
and complete first aid kit. 

The annual dance of the Regiment was held at the Armory 
on Easter Monday evening. This affair was well attended 
by both military men and civilians. 

The annual inspection was on April 9th. Captain Smith, 
U. S. A., was detailed to inspect the Command. 

On May 24th the 106th Anniversary of the Fencibles was 
celebrated at the Armory by a dinner. There was no parade 
this year, as was the usual custom, owing to the fact that 
many of the members were still in the service. 

On May 30th Company D was detailed to act as escort to 
Post 24, G. A. R. 

Several members of the Fencibles attended the 284th 
Anniversary of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Com- 



1019 OLD GUARD ANNIVERSARY 161 

pany of Massachusetts at Boston on June 2d. An invitation 
was also received to the annual reception to the Governor 
by the Second Company Governor's Foot Guard of New 
Haven ; also to the annual dinner of the Boston Fusilliers. 

On June 28th and 29th several of the companies partici- 
pated in a hike to Edgemont, Pa. 

On July 12th, 1919, the Command left the Armory for its 
annual encampment at Neshaminy Falls, Pa. 

During the summer certain changes and improvements 
were made to the interior of the Armory. Electric lights 
and an electric vacuum cleaning system were installed. 

The Company drills were resumed in September. Many 
of the old officers and men reported back to their respective 
companies for drill. 

The first fall meeting of the Board of Officers was held 
on Monday evening, September 22d, when plans for the 
rehabilitation of the Command were presented. The Fen- 
cibles in the future will maintain a regiment of eight com- 
panies. The Auxiliary Units, the Old Guard, the Veteran 
Reserve, the Medical Corps and State Fencibles Post No. 
142 American Legion, all reported their organizations in 
flourishing condition.* An invitation was extended to the 
Board of Officers to attend the reception and dance of the 
State Fencibles Post American Legion at the Armory on 
Thanksgiving Eve, and also the celebration of the Centen- 
nial Anniversary of the Old Guard on November 29th. 

As is said in another part of this book, all things mur4 
come to an end, and so it is with this history, December 20 
being fixed to close the forms, the current events must 
necessarily end here. Before closing this chapter, however, 
the Author desires to add one thing : 

This history will no doubt be read by many who are not 
familiar with the part this organization played for the past 
one hundred years in the march of human progress, and it 



•An article on these units will be found in Chapter XII. 



162 



CURRENT EVENTS 1919 



is quite natural the first question they shall ask will be, 
''What did the Fencibles do during the World War?" The 
unsophisticated public are too apt to be swayed in its judg- 
ment by those who would take unto themselves the entire 
credit for "winning the war." It is not my purpose to 
divert attention from or to minimize the good work of 
others participating in that great event, but should you 
hear any person ask that question, "What did the Fencibles 
do?" turn the pages of this history to Chapter X and there 
let them find the answer. For, as was said by the Fencibles 
of old, " Spectemur Agendo," so may it be repeated today 
with greater significance of those brave lads, many of whom 
have long since answered their last roll call so that we who 
had the good fortune to be spared, may live in peace and 
enjoy that which they fought so hard to preserve, "a Democ- 
racy for mankind." 



CHAPTER X. 

State Fencibles' War Service. 

The'piirpose of this chapter is to give a summary of the 
service of tlie State Fencibles' members during the war. 
The following list is far from being complete, but is puV)- 
lished at this time, with the thought that tlie public, perhaps, 
would like to know where the Fencibles served during the 
war. The task of securing a complete list is necessarily 
slow, as tlie compilation began only a few months ago, and 
many of the questionnaires have not been returned. 

ABBREVIATIONS USED. 

Adj. — Adjutant. Hdq. — Headquarters. 

Bat. — Battalion. Inft. — Infantry. 

Batt. — Battery. Lieut. — Lieutenant, 

Co. — Company. Pa. — Pennsylvania. 

Corp. — Corporal. Priv. — Private. 

Div. — Division. R. O. T. C. — Reserve Officers' 

Dis. — Discharged. Training Corps. 

Det. — Detachment. R^gt- — Regiment. 

Dev. — Development . Ser gt . — Sergeant . 

Fkd.— Frankford. Sig.— Signal. 

Ft.— Fort. 

F. A.— Field Artillery. 

U. S. R. A. — United States Regular Army. 
U. S. N. G.— United States National Guard. 
U. S. N. A.— United States National Army. 
U. S. N.— United States Navy. 
U. S. M. C— United States Marine Corps. 
U. S. N. R.— United States Naval Reserve. 

*Indicatcs that the record is not complete. Balance of information 
not available at this time. 
tWounded or gassed. 
JKilled in action or died in service. 

163 



164 STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 



LOCATION OF CAMPS. 

Fort Allen — Vermont. Camp Johnston — Florida, 

Camp Brown — Philadelphia, Pa. Fort Jay — Governor's Island, N. Y. 

Columbus Barracks — Columbus, Ohio. Camp Lee — Virginia. 

Camp Dix — Wrightstown, N. J. Camp Meade — Maryland. 

Frankford Arsenal — Fraukford, Phila. Camp Merritt — New Jersey. 

Camp Greene — Charlotte, N. C. Navy Yard — Philadelphia. 

Camp Hill — Newport News, Va. Camp Slocum — New York. 

Camp Hancock — Augusta, Ga. Camp Upton — New York. 

Camp Humphries — Alexandria, Va. Camp Vail — Little Silver, N. J. 

Camp Jackson — South Carolina. Wissahickou Barracks — Cape May, N. J. 

Adshead, Nelson* (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. 

AiRGOOD, Paul W.* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. Amb. Corps. 

Aloise, Luigi (State Fencibles Co. E, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Sept. 22, 1917; Co. E, 314th luft. Service Camp Meade, 
Camp Merritt, Brest, France. Rank Priv. Now in service. 

Alverez, Carlos* (State Fencibles Co. C, Sergt.) 

U. S. N. G. Batt. E, 108th F. A. Rank 1st Scrgt. 

Anthony, G. W.* (State Fencibles Sup. Co. Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. 

Anderson, Robert* (State Fencibles Co. B, 1st Sergt.) 

U. S. N. G. Batt. A, 108th F. A. Rank, 1st Sergt. 

Anderson, Samuel* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Batt. A, 108th F. A. 

Archibald, William* (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. Balloon Service. 

Anderson, James (State Fencibles Co. B, Mus.) 

U. S. N. G. May 1, 1917; Hdq. Co. 3d N. J. Inft., 54th Depot Emb. 
Band, 111th Mach. Gun Batt. Service, Camp Edge, Sea Girt, N. J.; 
Camp McClellan, Camp Upton, Anniston, Ala.; Yaphank, L. I. Port of 
Emb., Hobokcn, N. J. Rank, 2d-class Musician. 

JAdams, Hiram* (State Fencibles Co. B, Mus.) 

U. S. N. G. ; Batt. A, 108th F. A. Rank, Bugler. Died of pneumonia at 
Base Hosp. in France Nov. 10, 1918. 



STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 155 

Avery, Frank Leonard (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. June 5, 1917; Co. A, lOOlh Macli. Gun Bait. Service, 
Pittsburg, Camp Hancock and France. Rank, Priv. Dis., Camp Dix, 
May 5, 1919. 



Bacon, John* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. 60th Inft. Service, Detached Duty, Paris. 

Badley, Daniel A.* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 111th Inft. 

Berger, Harry* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. 108th F. A. 

BiLLANY, William H (State Fencibles Co. M, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Nov. 3, 1917; Batt. D, .312th F. A. Service, Camp Meade 
and Q. M. Dept. Rank, Ist-class Priv. Dis., Grays Ferry Arsenal, 
Phila., May 22, 1919. 

tBiSH, Walter Benjamin (State Fencibles Co. E, Priv.) 

U. S. N. April 7, 1917, Norfolk, Va. Rank, Seaman. Died of disease, 
Norfolk, Va., May 22, 1917. 

tBoEHM, Frank Riley (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. French Motor Bat. 3d Brig., 3d Div. Service, Fort Slocum, 
Camp Funston, Camp Stanley, Camp Travis; Transf. Batt. B, 20 F. A. 
Camp Merritt and France. Reported missing in action July 15, 1918. 
Reported in hospital Dec. 30, 1918. Letters returned to parents marked 
"Deceased."* 

Beck, Theodore Frederick (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. June 26, 1918; U. S. S. Kentucky. Rank, M. M. 2c. Dis. 
Boston, Jan. 24, 1919. 

Boone, Jasper* (State Fencibles Co. B, Mus.) 

U. S. N. G., 108th F. A. Band. Dis., Camp Dix. 

Brannigan, Thomas J. , (State Fencibles Co. E, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A., April 29, 1918; Co. C, 315th Inft., 79th Div. Service, 
Camp Meade and France. Rank, Priv. Dis., Camp Dix, N. J., June 9, 
1919. 

tBRiCKLEY, Joseph George (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. N. R., Jan. 24, 1918 ; U. S. Naval Radio Station. Service, Tucker- 
ton, N. J. Rank, C. P. O. Died in service at Tuckerton, N. J. 

Brown, Edward* (State Fencibles Co. B, Band) 

U. S. N. Service, Cape May Baud, N. J. Rank, Musician. 

Bunting, William* (State Fencibles Co. B, Pi-iv.) 

U. S. N. U. S. S. Wakulla. Rank, Seaman. 



^QQ STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 

BONSALL, Horace E (State Fencibles Co. B, 1st Lieut.) 

Service, So. Central OflScers' Training School, Camp Gordon. 

BOLLUN, Frank* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. 

BoNGARD, Joseph A (State Fencibles Co. F, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., July 10, 1916; Co. L, 109th Inft. Service, Camp Hancock. 
Rank, Sergt. Dis., Camp Dix, July 12, 1918. 

Boyle, W. A.* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. 

JBrink, Wellington S.* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Killed in railroad accident. 

Brooks, Frank G.* (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A., Co. B, 1st Field Sig. Bat., 2d Div. Service, England, 
France, Italy, Germany. Rank, Prrv. Dis., Camp Dix, Aug. 3, 1919. 

Broomhead, Clarence (State Fencibles Co. H, Sergt.) 

U. S. R. A., Oct. 24, 1918; Truck Co. 731, Motor Trans. Corps. Ser- 
vice Camp Johnston, Camp Hill. Rank, Corp. Dis., Supply Base, Nor- 
folk, Va., May 26, 1919. 

Burns, Howard F (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A., Aug. 29, 1918; Q. M. C. Service, Camp Green and Ash- 
ville, N. C. Rank, Ist-class Priv. Dis. June 26, 1919, Camp Dix. 

Bulmer, George* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

R. O. T. C. 

Butts, Alfred* (State Fencibles Co. C, Corp.) 

U. S. R. A., 82d F. A. 

Bustard, Charles F.* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. Amb. Corps. Service, Allentown, Pa.; France and Germany. 

Butz, Jr., Frank A (State Fencibles Co. C, Corp.) 

U. S. R. A., April 27, 1917; Hdq. Co., 76 F. A. Service, Ft. Slocum, 
Ft. Allen, Camp Shelby, Camp Merritt, France and Germany. Rank, 
Priv. Re-enlisted July 22, 1919, at Audermach, Germany. Now in ser- 
vice Camp Pike, Ark. 



Carman, Ralph* (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. Q. M. Corps, A. E. F. 

Cafeerty, James* (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 108th F. A. 

Charles, Carl D (State Fencibles Co. I, Corp.) 

U. S. N. R. June 26, 1918. Service, Great Lakes, Hampton Roads, 



STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 167 

U. S. S. Connecticut, U. S. S. Marijn. Rank, Seaman. Dis. Aug. 11, 
1919 (inactive duty) Phila. Navy Yard. 

CLARKE, Victor* («tate Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. 
Clarke, Jr., John II.* («tate Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Jan. 2, 1918. 

CLAYTON, JUDSON Ryno (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. May 10, 1917; R. O. T. C, Fort Niagara. Service, Camp 
Crane, Schuylkill Arsenal. Rank, Sergt. Dis., Camp Crane, Jan. 14, 
1919. 

CLEAVES, Wesley Alfred (State Fencibles Co. I, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. Dec. 14, 1917. Aero Squadron No. 276. Service, Fort 
Slocum, Kelly Field, Camp Mc Arthur, Camp Greene. Assigned to 276 
Aero Squadron at Fayetteville, N. C. Dis. Camp Meade, June 2, 1919. 

CONARD, John Foster* (State Fencibles Co. B, Sergt.) 

U. S. N. A. Co. M, 314th Inft. 

tCooK. HUGH J (State Fencibles Co E, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. Aug. 25, 1917; Co. M, 60th Inft. Transf. to Co. M, 7th 
Inft. Service Gettysburg, Camp Greene, Camp Merritt, France. Gassed 
in Battle of Marne. Returned to Company. Promoted Sergt. Di3. 
Camp Dix, Feb. 12, 1919. 

CHALFANT, J. RoGER (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Sept. 21, 1017; 312th F. A. and 154th F. A. Brig. Hdq. 
Service, Camp Me^de, Camp LaCourtine, Ft. Dumont, Meuse, St. Nazaire 
and France. Rank, Sergt. Dis. Camp Dix, May 30, 1919. 

COOK, Joseph (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. June 19, 1916, Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Ft. Bliss, 
Texas; Camp Hancock and France. Dis. Camp Dix. Rank, Priv. 

Cramer. CARL* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

716th M. T. C. Rank, Priv. 

4C00K, THOMAS T (State Fencibles Co. E, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. July 21, 1917; Co. M, 7th Inft. Service Gettysburg, Camp 
Greene, R. O. T. C, Fort Oglethorpe, (eligible for commission) France. 
Killed 'in action July 15, 1918, Battle of the Marne. 

COSGROVE, JOHN* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

tCREW, Jr., JOHN LEWiN (State Fencibles Co. E, 2d Lieut.) 

U. S. R. A. Jan. 26, 1918; Co. G, 38th Inft. Service, Camp Hancock 
and France. Shell shocked. Dis. Camp Dix, April 17, 1919. 



IQQ STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 

Cruise, Peter J.* (State Fencibles Co. II, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 110th Inft. 

Croncas, Peter* (State Fencibles Co. II, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 111th Inft. 

Curingo, Albert* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 



Davin, Joseph A (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. M. M. Oct. 1, 1917. U. S. A. C. T. Philippines, convoyed be- 
tv^een Newport Nev.'s and St. Nazaire and LaPallice. Rank, Coal 
Passer. Dis. Newport News, Dec. 23, 1918. 

Desharoon, T. L.* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A., 325th Inft. 

Dinsmore, Clayton* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. 

DeBidart, Armana* (State Fencil^les Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. Ordinance Dept. 

IDe Rocco, Serafino (State Fencibles Co. E, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. June 27, 1917; Co. C, 4th Inft. Transf. Sup. Co. C, 4th 
Inft. Service, Camp Greene, Camp Stuart and France. Wounded Oct. 

4, 1918, at Verdun. Gassed Aug. 9, 1918, at Chateau- Thierry. Dis. 
Camp Meade, May 9, 1919. 

DOHERTY, Frank W.* (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. Balloon Service. 

DoLAN, Edward* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. July 3, 1917; Batt. A, 108th F. A. Rank, Bugler. Dis. 
Camp Dix, May 24, 1919. 

Driscoll, Jeremeath O. (or O'DriscoU) (State Fencibles Co. B', Lieut.) 

U. S. N. A. Nov. 7, 1918; Co. B, Motor Trans. Corps. M. R. S. U. 306. 
Service, Camp Holabird, Md. Dis. Camp Holabird. Rank, Priv. 

Draper, John William (State Fencibles Co. F, Priv.) 

Canadian Inft. Nov. 2d, 1917, 2d Canadian Perth Regt. Co. A. Ser- 
vice, Niagara Falls, Canada. Rank, Priv. Dis. Niagara Falls, July 
12, 1918. 

Dickey, John* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. July 13, 1917; Batt. A, 108th F. A. Rank, Sergt. Dis. 
Camp Dix, May 24, 1919. 

DoHERTY, Harold* (State Fencibles Co. B) 

U. S. N. R. March 28, 1917; U. S. S. M. S. 5, U. S. S. S. C. 110. Rank, 

5. C. 3c, 



STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 1(J9 

Burner, Jr., Edward G.* (State Fenpil)lc9 Co. A, Ipt Sergt.) 

S. O. T. C. J^ngineers. 

EiSELE, Joseph* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Batt. A, 108th F. A. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, May 
24, 1919. 

JCisELE, William (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Feb. 11, 1913; Troop H, 8th Cav.; Co. A, 2d Inft. Batt. A; 
2d Art. Aviation Sec. Sig. R. C. Service, Ft. Niagara, N. Y.; Ft. 
Slocum, N. Y. and Ft. Bliss, Mexican Border, Marfa, Tex. Rank, 2d 
Lieut. 

EiSELE, Jr., Edward (State Fencibles Co. A, Sergt.) 

U. S. R. A. Feb. 25, 1918; Co. C, 10th Field Bat. Sig. Corps. Service, 
Camp Meade, Camp Vail, Camp Mills, France, Puvenelle Sector, Lorraine, 
West of Moselle. Dis. Camp Dix, July 2, 1919. 

{PlPEN, Ralston* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 110th Mach. Gun Co. Service, France. Killed in action. 

J^VAN.s, Russell* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

i'^VAXS, Herbert* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Med. Det., 318th Inft. Rank, Priv. 

FisiiER, Walter A.* , . (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

tFoRKiSH, Robert Morris (State Fencibles Company G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. July 17, 1917; Co, E, l()9th Inft. Service, Camp Hancock. 
Rank, Ist-class Priv. France, Chateau-Thierry, cited for bravery in 
action. W^ounded and gassed at Fismes. Dis. Camp Dix, Feb. 20, 1919. 

Fowler, Clifford K (State Fencibles Co. D, 2d Lieut.) 

U. S. R. A. Aug. 27, 1917; Co. L, 50 U. S. Inft. Service, O. T. C. Ft. 
Oglethorpe, 1st Lieut, to Co. L, 50th U. S. Inft.; Camp Greene, W^ash- 
ington, D. C. ; Plattsburg, commanding Co. R, S. A. T. C. Commis- 
sioned Captain Inft. Sept. 5, 1918, Military Instructor, Carnegie Inst., 
Pittsbg.; U. S. Gen. Hosp. 17. Dis. Camp Dix, April 19, 1919. 

JFriend, O. G.* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Sergt.) 

TJ. S. R. A. Accidentally shot at Frankford Arsenal 1918. 

Freeman, Edward Davis (State Fencibles Co. K, 1st Sergt.) 

U. S. N. A. April 27, 1918; Base Hosp., 59 X-Ray Dept. Service, 
Camp Meade, Camp Grponleaf, Camp Shelly, Camp Stuart, France, 
Hospital 33, Brest, Remancourt, Nancy. Promoted to Sergt. for sav- 
ing X-ray outfit from building under fire. Dis. Camp Dix, July 3, 
1919. 



;j^70 STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 

FuGAN, William* (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

French, William* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. 

Fritz, William* (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 335th F. A. Service, France. 

Fragner, Walter* (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 108th F. A. 

Franks, Joseph* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. R. April 3, 1917; S. P. 1169. Rank, Seaman. Dis. Cape May, 
N. J., Feb. 8, 1919. 

Fullmer, Edward J (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. June 17, 1917; Hdq. Co., 52d Inft. Service, France. Rank, 
Cook and Runner. Dis. Camp Dix, Feb. 20, 1919. 

FuLMER, Lawrence (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. Aug. 1, 1917; 314th Amb. Corps, 304th San. Train. Service, 
Ft. Slocum, Ft. Oglethorpe, Camp Meade, 24th Motor Amb. Corps and 
France. Dis. Camp Dix, June 28, 1919. 

Faber, Fred* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 278th Co., 139th M. P. Bat. Rank, Sergt. Dis. Oct. 4, 
1919. 

Fenner, James M.* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. July 13, 1917; Batt. A., 108th F. A. Rank, 1st Sergt. Dis. 
Camp Dix, May 24, 1919. 

Fielding, John (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. July 13, 1917; Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Han- 
cock and France. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, May 24, 1919. 

Frayne, Walter* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

103d San. Train. Rank, Priv. 

Freedman, William (State Fencibles Co. B) 

U. S. N. G. March, 1917; 108th F. A. Batt. A. Service, Camp Han- 
cock, Vannes, Camp deMuceon and France. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp 
Dix, May 24, 1919. 

Furterer, John (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S, N. G. Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Hancock and France. 
Dis. Camp Dix, May 5, 1919. 

Fisher, Walter A (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. 



STATE FENCIRLES' WAR SERVICE 171 

Gallwitz, Harry* (Stato Fenciblos Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A., 4th Engineers. Service, Camp Humphries. Rank, Priv. 
Dis. Camp Humphries, May 20, 1918. 

Gasser, Henry* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Geiger, Ernest* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Gillespie, Frank Francis (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. May 1, 1018; Sup. Co., 71st Regt. Service, Ft. Allen, Camp 
Greene. Dis. Camp Dix, Aug. 9, 1919. 

Glenn, \V. S.* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. R. 

Green, F.* (State Fencibles Co. G, Corp.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Greene, Frank N (State Fencibles, Captain and Med. Officer) 

U. S. R. A. Medical Reserves. Service, Camp Crane, Fort Slocum, N. Y. 
(Detailed to examine all Philadelpliia regiments for service in 1917.) 
Rank, Major. Now in service. 

Gallagher, John* (State Fencibles Co. B, Mus.) 

U. S. N. G. Hdq. Band, 109th Inft. 

Galloway, Samuel* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Batt. A, lOStli F. A. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, May 24, 
1919. 

Gill, James R (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Sept. 21, 1916; Co. K, 111th Inft. Service, Camp Hancock 
and Camp Steward. Rank, Corp. Dis. Camp Meade, Jan. 21, 1919. 

tGooDRiDGE, Philip* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Co. A, 109th Inft. Killed in France on July 16, 1918. 

Green, John* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Mach. Gun Co., 111th Inft. 

Grimes, Laurence (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. June 29, 1918; Ordnance, Attached Service. Service, Camp 
Hancock, Camp Upton and France. Rank, Priv. Dis. Aug. 6, 1919. 

Grander, Albert* (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Engineers. 

Gunter, Earle W (State Fencibles Co. F, Priv.) 

U. 8. N. A. Jan. 25, 1918; Hdq. Det. Dev. Bat. Band. Service, Camp 
Meade. Rank, Sd-class Musician. Dis. Camp Meade, Dec. 13, 1918. 



]^72 STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 

Gunning, George* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Q. M. Corps. Service Training Camp, Niagara, Camp 
Meade, Camp Johnston and Newport News. Rank, 1st Lieut. Dis. New- 
port News, Va. 



Hadden, William James (State Fencibles Co. A, 2d Lieut.) 

U. S. N. A. Aug. 4, 1918; Co. E, 4 Pioneer Inft., Transf. to Park Bat- 
tery, 4th Corps. Service, Camp Wadsworth, Camp Merritt, France, 
Army of Occupation at Coblenz. Ret. to U. S. A., Camp Mills. Rank, 
Priv. Dis. July 3, 1919, at Camp Dix. 

Hays, J. A.* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Hagerty. J. J.* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Harris, R.* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Hauber, William* (State Fencibles Co. D, 1st Sergt.) 

U. S. R. A. 2Gth Mach. Gun Bat. Rank, 2d Lieut. 

Hess, Jr., John* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 108th F. A. 

tHELKER, Frank D (State Fencibles Co. G, 1st Sergt.) 

U. S. R. A. July 21, 1917; 77th F. A. Hdq. Co. Service, Camp Han- 
cock, Camp Mills, Camp Merritt, France; wounded in action, and Ger- 
many. Dis. Aug. 5, 19] 9, at Camp Dix. 

t Herman, Edwin F.* (State Fencibles Co. E, 1st Sergt.) 

U. S. N. G., 111th Inft. Wounded in action. Citation for bravery in 
action. 

Hensel, Walter Jackson (State Fencibles Co. I, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. May 8, 1917; Troop L, ?.d Cav. Service, Ft. Houston, Eng- 
land, France and Marne. Rank, Sergt. Dis. Camp Dix, July 7, 1919. 

Henderson, William J.* (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Motor Transp. Service, 3()6th Repair Unit. 

Hickman, * (State Fencibles Mach. Gun Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Hidd, Earl* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. Rank, Ensign. 

Hill, Edward Francis (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. April 20, 1917; Co. H, 109th Inft. Service, Camp Han- 
cock. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Hancock, Sept. 18, 1918. 



STATE FENCLBLES' WAR SERVICE ]^73 

Hiss, Julius G (State Fcnciblos Co. B, Soigt.) 

U. S. N. G. April Ki, 1917; Batt. A, 108th Artillpiy. Service, Camp 
Wanamaker, Camp Ilancoclc, Camp Mills, France and Western Front 
near Laval. Dis. Camp Dix, May 24, 1910. 

;tHiLLES, Lekoy R (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. June 10, 1017; G U. S. Cav. Meil. Det. Service, Ft. Slocum, 
Transf. 20th F. A., Ft. Sam Houston. Injured in service, Transf. Med. 
Det., 6th Cav. Sent to France, Hosp. 85, St. Nazaire. Now in service. 

HoRNEY, William Gillette , . (State Fencibles Co. C, 1st Sergt.) 

U. S. R. A. May 10, 1917; R. O. T. C, Ft. Niagara Troop Movement 
Office, 304th Div. Train.; Camp Meade, 11th Stud. Co., Camp Johnston. 
Asst. Troop Moveinnit Offi( or Newport News. Rank, Captain. Dis. 
Newport Nevrs, June 23, 1010. 

HORTER, Edwai:d^ (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A., 27Gth Aerial Squadron, Lieut. 

Hunter, J. H." (State Fencibles San. Unit, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Harvey, Willis H (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. June 22, 1018; Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Persh- 
ing, Camp Hancock and France. Dis. Camp Dix, May 24, 1010. 

Hayes, Schuyler* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Batt. D, 108th F. A. Rank, Corp. 

Hess, Julius G (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Hancock and France. 
Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, May 24, 1010. 

HoLDEN, Harry* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Hancock and France. 
Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Hancock, May 24, 1010. 

Hood, Jr., Robert R'^ (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Nov. 20, 1017; Med. Corps, Amb. Co. No. 8. Rank, Priv. 
Dis. March 7, 1010. 

Horan, Daniel* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. 5th Co. Hosp. School, U. S. Naval Tr. Station. 

Hess, Joseph S.* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Hughes, Arthur (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. July 4, 1018; Hdq. Co., 52d Pioneer Inft. Service, Camp 
Wadsworth and France. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, April 10, 1910. 

Hyatt, W.* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 



]^y4 STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 

t Jacobs, Daniel Albert (State Fencibles Co. E, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. March 11, 1918; 46th Balloon Co. Service, Kelly Field and 
Ft. Omaha. Rank, Sergt. Died of disease Ft. Omaha, Oct. 11, 1918. 

Jamieson, Richard (State Fencibles Co., Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. May 10, 1918; Bakery Co. No. 357 Q. M. Corps. Service, 
Ft, Slocum and Camp Johnston. Rank, Ist-class Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, 
Jan. 20, 1919. 

Jamiesjox, James (State Fencibles Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. R. April 7, 1917. Service, Wissahickon Barracks. Rank, Ist- 
class Plumber, later C. M. M. Dis. March 12, 1919. 

Jerdan, William (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. April 14, 1917; Co. A, 109th Inft. Service, Camp Han- 
cock, Camp Upton, Camp Merritt and France. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp 
Dix, May 27, 1919. 

Jaquish, T. M.* (State Fencibles San. Unit, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Dental Corp. Rank, 1st Lieut. 

Johnston, Leonard B." (State Fencibles Co. D, Capt.) 

U. S. R. A., Inft. Res., Lieut. 

Johnson, G. M.* (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

t Jamison, Olvina* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Co. L, 109th Inft. Service, Camp Hancock and France. 
Rank, Priv. Gassed. 

Johnson, George M.* (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Jackson, Elmo* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. Rank, 3c Gunner. 



Kravitz, Samuel • . (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. April 25, 1917; Co. B, 25th Inft. Service, Ft. Slocum. Dis. 
Ft. Slocum, June 30, 1917. 

Kirk, P. Howard* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A., 313d Inft. Rank, Captain. 

Kinkle, Stevpart* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S., 6th Div., 54th Inft. Rank, Captain. 

Klein, Bernard* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

Kirk, Stuart* (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Rank, Captain. 



STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 175 

Kaehne, Harry* (State Fcncibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Batt. B, 312th F. A. 

Kaufman, Herman J.* (State Fencibles Sup. Co.) 

U. S. N. A. Nov, 19, 1918. Service, Camp Gordon. 

tKENNEDY, Howard M (State Fcncibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. June 23, 1916; Co. E, 111th Inft. Service, Camp Han- 
cock, Calais, Chateau- Thierry, Fismes, Argonnc, St. Mihiel, Meuse- 
Argonne. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, March 1, 1919. Gassed and 
wounded at Argonnc and gassed and wounded at St. Mihiel. 

tKENWORTHY, CHARLES* (State Fcnciblcs Co. B, Priv.") 

U. S. N. A. Co. C, 103d M. S. Train. Killed in France. 

Kennedy, James (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. July 13, 1917; Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Han- 
cock and France. Rank, Corp. Dis. Camp Dix, May 24, 1919. 

Knower, R.* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

KoELLSTED, EDWARD J (State Fencibles Co. G, 2d Lieut.) 

U. S. N. A. July 18, 1918 ; Co. M and Sup. Co., 61st Pioneer Inft. Ser- 
vice, Camp Wadsworth and Meade. Rank, Sergt. Dis. Camp Meade, 
Jan. 17, 1919. 

KuKiN, Hakry* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Kyle, Walter G (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. April 2, 1918; Co. B, 311th Mach. Gun Batt. Service, Camp 
Meade and France. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, June 9, 1919. 



Larson, Charles* (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 110th Inft. 

Lawrence, Perry A* (State Fencibles Co. G, Lieut.) 

U. S. Coast Reserves. 

Lewis, George R.* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. July 10, 1917; Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Han- 
cock and France. Dis. Camp Dix, May 24, 1919. 

JLedlie, Edward* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S., 104th Remount Depot. Died of wounds received in service. 

Ledlie, Jack* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. Q. M. C. 

Levinson, E.* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. Infantry. 



176 STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 

Little, John Henry (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. N, A. July 29, 1918; Co. 7, 2d Bat., 22d Inft. Service, Ft. Ontario. 
Rank, Ist-class Cook. Dis. Ft. Ontario, Jan. 7, 1919. 

Liggett, Robert (State Fencibles San. Det.) 

U. S. N. R. May 21, 1917; Hampton Rds. Naval Base, Lewes, Del.; 
U. S. S. McKecver; San Diego, Cal. Rank, Ph. m Ic. Dis. Hampton 
Rds., May 2, 1919. 

Little, George E (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. June 26, 1918; Med. Dot. Unit 3. Service, Camp Green- 
leaf and Camp Crane. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Lee, June 10, 1919. 

Love, J (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. 

LouAM, John P (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. Jan. 26, 1918; 25th Coast Artillery. Service, Ft. Hancock, 
Camp Eustis. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, March, 1919. 

t Lewis, Charles Henry (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. April 14, 1917; 47th Co., 5th Regt. Service, Phila. Navy 
Yard, France, Belgium and Germany. Rank, Drummer. Wounded by 
• aerial bomb at Champagne Front Oct. 2, 1918. Decorated with Croix de 
Guerre May 16, 1919. Dis. Aug. 16th, 1919. 

Loranger, Herbert (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. R. Ships Co. No. 2. Service, Wissahickon Barracks, Cape 
May. Dis. Cape May, N. J. Feb. 2, 1918. 

Lower, Edward V.'' (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. U. S. S. Chicago. Rank, Signalman. 

Lurason, Charles (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. June 5, 1917; Co. D, 109th Inft. Service, Camp Hancock. 
Rank, Cook. Dis. Ft. McPherson, Ga., April 12, 1917. 

Lavid, James" (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

LoRAM, James (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. Nov. 2, 1917; Motor Trans. 443. Service Ft. Slocum, 
Camp Johnson and Camp Humphries. Rank, Corp. Dis. Camp Merritt, 
Aug. 21, 1919. 

Lucksinger, John* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

Ludwig, John B.* (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. Signal Batt., 147th Reg. U. S. M. 

LuMB, Charles* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Feb. 25, 1918; 13th Co., 4th Tr. Batt. Service, Camp Meade. 
Rank, 1st Sergt. 



STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE ij'j 

Mater, J. P.* (State Fcncibles Med. Corps, Lieut.) 

U. S. R. A. Medical Corps. Rank, Lieut. 

Mattner, Walter* (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. M. C. Service, France. 

Maurada, Fred* (State Fencibles Co. R, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A., Co. D, 406th Tel. Bat. Service, France. 

tMEYERS, John* (State Fcncibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A., Co. F, IGth luft. Service, France. Rank, Corp. Killed 
in action July 21 in France. 

Mearns, C. W.* (State Fencibles Co. C, Sergt.) 

U. S. N. A., 304th Engineers. 

Mitchell, John* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 108th F. A. 

Moe, John G (State Fencibles Co. C, Capt.) 

U. S. N. A. Nov. 8, 1918; Co. 34, 9th Bat. Service, O. T. C, Camp 
Gordon. Dis. Camp Gordon, Nov. 14, 1918. 

Morrison, Howard M (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. May 9, 1918; Troop F, 312th Cav. Transf. to Batt. B, 61st 
F. A.; Transf. to 4 Br., 153 D. B. Service, Columbus Barracks, Ft. 
Sheridan, Camp Jackson and Camp Dix. Rank, Sergt. Maj. Novt' in 
service. 

Mullen, William* (state Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 312th F. A. 

Mullen, James* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 312th F. A. 

McCoNAGHY, James M.* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 103d French Motor Batt. Service, Camp Hancock and 
France. Rank, Bugler. 

MacDougall, Howard (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Hancock and France. 
Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, May 24, 1919. 

Mitchell, John (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Aug. 31, 1917; Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Han- 
cock and France. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Hancock, May 21, 1919. 

Moorehead, Hamilton (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Hancock and France. 
Rank, Corp. Dis. Camp Dix, May 24, 1919. 

Muldoon, William* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. July 17, 1917; Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Han- 
cock and France. 



178 STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 

Murphy, Jr., James B (State Fencibles Co. C, Capt.) 

U. S. R. A. May 12, 1917; 160th Aero Squadron, 65th Aero Squadron, 
16th Co. Inft, C. O. T. S. Service, Ft. Niagara; Kelley Field No. 2, 
San Antonio, Texas; Georgia Technical University, Atlanta, Ga. ; Park 
Field, Memphis, Tenn. ; Camp Gordon, Ga. Rank, 2d Lieut. Dis. Camp 
Gordon, Ga., Nov. 30. 1918. 

Myers, Raymond W.* (State Fencibles Co. D, 1st Lieut.) 

U. S. 

JMyers, John Miller (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. Jan. 29, 1917; Co. H, 16th Inft. Service, Ft. Bliss, Ft. Sam 
Houston and France. Rank, Ist-class Priv. Killed in action July 21, 
1918, at Soissons. 

Myers, William T.* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. 

tMcCAULEY, Thomas Henry (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. April 23, 1917; 18th U. S. Cav. Transf. Hdq. Co., 76th 
F. A. Service Ft. Allen, Camp Shelby and France. Gassed Oct. 4, 
1918, at Meuse-Argonne. Dis. Camp Mills, July 23, 1919. 

McDonnell, James P.* (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. Med. Unit 4, Camp Crane, Hosp. 29, A. E. F. Dis. Camp Dix, 
June 24, 1919. 

McGarry, Henry B (State Fencibles Co. G, Corp.) 

U. S. N. G. June 5, 1917; Co. K, 111th Inft. Service, Camp Hancock 
and France. Rank, Ist-class Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, May 5, 1919. 

McIntosh, Jr.* (State Fencibles Co, G, Priv.) 

Marz, Edward* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. 

McHrath, John A* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

McKean, Edward* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

McKnight, John* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

McLaughlin, Frank* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Martin, Robert* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. 

tMcMEEKiN, James* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. Rank, Ensign. Died of disease in England, Oct. 10, 1918. 



STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 179 

tMcNALLY, Robert* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 111th Inft. Gassed in action, France. 

tNACK, Amos R (State Fencibles Co. A, 1st Sergt.) 

U. S. M. C. March 18, 1918. Service, Paris Island, Naval Air Sta., 
Pensacola, Marine Aviation Sect. Injured by plane falling 1700 ft, 
Transf. Phila. Navy Yard, Ft. Mifflin. Dig. Sept. 20, 1919. 

Neal, Jr., Benjamin F (State Fencibles Co. A, Sergt.) 

U.*S. R. A. May 11, 1917; Sect. 545, U. S. Army Amb. Service. Ser- 
vice, Camp Crane, Italy, Genoa, Rosa Mortegliane Army Corps. Citation 
Nov. 11, 1918; also awarded Italian War Cross. Dis. Camp Dix, April 
30, 1919. 

Newman, Otto* (State Fencibles Co. C, Corp.) 

U. S. N. A., Co. F, 304th Engineers. 

NiAH, B. G.* (State Fencibles Co. A, Sergt.) 

U. S. IIosp. Corps. Rank, Sergt. Awarded Italian War Cross. 

Nicholas, Semon* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. 

Neely, Wilbur* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. R. Naval Coast Defense. 

Needles, Edgar Carter (State Fencibles Co. I, Priv.) 

Enlisted in Merchant Marine Service. Ordered to report at Boston 
when Flu broke out. Placed on waiting orders. 

NlESLEY, Wilbur (State Fencibles Co. C, Pnv.) 

U. S. R. A. May 29, 1917; 51st Artillery. Service, Ft. Slocum, Ft. 
Wright, Ft. Adams, England, Camp Oxney, France, Camp Mailly, Verdun, 
Seichesprey, St. Mihiel, Puvenelle Forest, Mamey Bois, Thiaucourt, 
Pont-a-Mousson. Rank, Sergt. Dis. Ft. Hamilton, Feb. 24, 1919. 

Owen, Benjamin G.* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Obhof, Rudolph Frank (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. June 1, 1918; Batt. C, 109th F. A. Service, Columbus Bar- 
racks, Camp Mcrritt, Camp Jackson, England, France and Belgium. 
Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, May 19, 1919. 

O'Kane, Edward Joseph (State Fencibles Co. E, Corp.) 

U. S. N. Aug. 13, 1918; Supply and Transport Force. Service, U. S. S. 
Bridge. Rank, Seaman, Dis. U. S. S. Reina Mercedes, Aug. 13, 1918. 

tPAHLS, Frank (State Fencibles Co. I, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. May 27, 1918; Co. II, 315th Inft. Service, Camp Meade 



180 STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 

and France. Wounded Sept. 12 in Meuse-Argonne Battle. Died Nov. 7, 
Glorioux Hosp., Verdun. Buried Glorioux Cemetery, Verdun, France. 

Parsons, W. E.* (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

Awarded D. S. C. 

PoRTEi;, Jr., Robert C* (State Fencibles Co. B) 

U. S. N. G. June 1, 1916; Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Han- 
cock and France. Rank, Priv. 

Pairman, a. Clarke (State Fencibles Co. C, 1st Scrgt.) 

U. S. N. A. Oct. 3, 1918; Inft. University of Pcnna. S. A. T. C. Rank, 
Priv. Dis. Dec. 14, 1918. 

PlERCiEY, Leander* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. 

Previti, Vincent (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. N. R. April 12, 1917. Service, U. S. S. Vitesse, U. S. S. Delaware 
(Mine Sweeper). Rank, M. M. 1. Dis. Lewes, Del., Dec. 23, 1918. 

tPYOTT, Alfred L. G (State Fencibles Co. B, Corp.) 

U. S. N. G. June 28, 1917; Co. B, 103d Engineers. Service, Camp 
Meade, Camp Hancock, Camp Mills and France. Rank, Corp. Dis. 
Camp Dix. Feb. 24. Gassed. 



JuiNN, James* (State Fencibles Co. B) 

U. S. N. G. Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Hancock and France. 
Rank, Saddler. 



Reice, Edward A.* (State Fencibles Co. C, Sergt.) 

U. S. N. A., Batt. D, 320th F. A. Rank, 2d Lieut. 

Rhoal'F.s. W. C* (State Fencibles Co. D, Sergt.) 

U. S. N. A., 314th Mach. Gun Batt. Rank, 1st Lieut. Awarded D. S. C. 
iviid British War Cross. 

Ritchie, John Robert (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. April 16, 1917; Batt. A, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Han- 
cock, Camp deMeucon, St. Nazaire. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, May 
24, 1919. 

Rambo, Hartman* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. 

tRoEMER, Leon F (State Fencibles, Adj., 3d Batt.) 

U. S. R. A. Aug. 25th, 1917; Co. L, 59th Inft. Service, Ft. Oglethorpe 
(R. O. T. C. No. 6) Camp Greene and France. Rank, 2d Lieut. Dis. 
May 9, 1919, Base Hosp. No. 3, Colonia, N. J. Wounded July 19, 1918, 
Chateau- Thierry Drive. Wounded Oct. 5, 1918, Argonne-Meuse Drive. 



STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE Igl 

Roberts, Arthur Stanley (Stale Fcnoiblos Co. E, Capt.) 

U. S. N. A. Sept. 1!), 1JH7; Hdq. Co., 315th Inft., Divisional Intelli- 
gence Section, 79th Div. Service, Camp Meade, Meuse-Argonne Offen- 
sive, Tryon Sector. Rank, Ist-class Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, June 3, 
1919. Awarded the D. S. C. 

ROHERTY, Harold* (State Fencibles Co. B., Priv.) 

U. S. N. Service, Lewes, Del. 

Bafferty, James* (State Fencibles Co. B) 

U. S. N. G. Sanitary Corps, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Hancock and 
France. Rank, Priv. 

Reitmeyer, Hakky* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., Batt. A, lOSth F. A. Dis. Camp Dix, May 24, 1919. 

ROGOSKi, Anthony* (State Fencibles Co.) 

U. S. R. A. April 28, 1917; 17th F. A. Service, Camp Dix. Dis. Camp 
Dix. 

tRoGAN, Paul B (State Fencibles Co. M, Corp.) 

U. S. N. A. June 15, 1917; 3d Co. Ord. Det. Service, Camp Hancock, 
Caiiip Merritt and France. Couti-acted disease at Malrun, France; tifty 
per cent disabled. Now at Williamson School for Disabled Soldiers. 

Rudolph, Joseph E (State Fencibles Co. G, Ser{;t.) 

U. S. R. A. Juno 28, 1918 ; Batt. B, 1st Regt. F. A. Service, Ft. Slocum 
and Camp Taylor. Rank, Corp. Dis. Camp Taj'lor, Dec. 11, 1918. 

Rumer, Jr., Charles (State Fencibles Regt. Sergt. Maj.) 

U. S. R. A. Aug. 20, 1918; Air Service. Service Madison Barracks, 
Sackets Harbor, N. Y. ; Rochester, N. Y. Rank, Act. Corp. Dis. 
Rochester, N. Y., Dec. 19, 1918. 



Sargent, James (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. June 28, 1918 ; Med. Corps, Base Hosp. 56. Service, Camp 
Greenleaf and France. Dis. Camp Devlin, May 4, 1919. 

Scott, Charles Ford (State Fencibles Co. E, Priv.) 

U. S. N. R. March 9, 1918. Ser\'ice, U. S. M. S. No. 5, U. S. S. West 
Hosokie. Rank, Quartermaster. Dis. Navy Yard, Phila. (Scott made 
five attempts to enter the army and was rejected each time. He later 
was accepted for N. R. service.) 

tScHULTZ, Albert F.* (State Fencibles San. Det., Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. April 13, 1917; Co. E, 109th Inft. Service, Fkd. Arsenal, 
Camp Brown, Camp Hancock and France. Gassed and wounded at 
Fismes Sept. 6, 1918. 



Ig2 STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 

tSCHAEFFER, Harry Edwin (State Fencibles Co. D, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. April 30, 1917; Hdq. Co. 7th F. A. Service, Ft. Slocum, 
Ft. Sam Houston, Camp Wilson, Transf. 21st F. A., Transf. Hdq. Co., 
7th F. A. Wounded and gassed. Re-enlisted. Now in service. 

Schmidt, Herman* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S., 110th Inft. 

tSCHERE, Harry* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. M. C, 4th Co., 5th Reg. With first detachment to go to France. 
In first engagement of 271 men in company, 225 were killed, wounded 
and gassed. Schcre was gassed and wounded seven times. After leav- 
ing hospital, returned to company in Chateau -Thierry Drive. Rank, 
Ist-class Priv. 

Seeds, Edwin Lincoln (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. July 24, 1917; 103d Ammunition Train, Motor Transp. 
Corps; 407th Motor Truck Co., 798th Motor Truck Co. Service, Mt. 
Gretna, Camp Hancock, Transf. to U. S. N. A. Dec. 14, 1917; Camp 
Meigs to Q. M. C. Camp Merritt, N. Y. C. Pier 97, Fort Sheridan. 
Rank, Sergt. Dis. New York, Feb. 24, 1919. 

Stevenson, Charles E.* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Stefano, a. S. De* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 109th Inft. 

tSTElNER, R. M." (State Fencibles Co. D, Sergt.) 

U. S. N. A., Co. F, 313th Inft. Service, France, Rank, 2d Lieut. 
Wounded and gassed. 

STANDiUNG, John R.* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. Oct. 13, 1917 ; U. S. S. Culgod. Rank, Quartermaster 2c. Dis. 
June 21, 1919. 

Stout, Philip S (State Fencibles, Lieut. Med. Corps) 

U. S. A. (Reserve Med. Corps) July 4, 1917. Conim. 1st Lieut. Aug. 
11, 1917; entered service Jan, 1918. Service, Ft. Oglethorpe, Camp 
McClellan, 9th Ammunition Train, 9th and 12th Trench Mortar Batt.; 
Camp Greene, Hosp. 122. Rank, Captain. Service ended Dec, 1918. 
Still in Res. Med. Corps. 

Steinman, Rodney M.* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A., 313th Inft. Rank, Lieut. 

tSMiTH, Clarence G (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. Oct. 11, 1917; Co. A, 38th Reg. Service, Camp Meade, 
Camp Gordan, France and England. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, May 
23, 1919. Gassed at Chateau-Thierry Aug. 28, 1918. 



STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 183 

SCHWEPPENHEISER, Irvix IL* (State Fcnriblps Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. June 18, 1917; Mod. Corps, 108th F. A. Rank, Piiv. Dis. 
Camp Dix, May 22, 1010. 

Shaw, Thomas W.* (State Fcnci])lcs Co. B, Lieut.) 

Emergency Fleet (Canadian Border). 

Steinman, Ralph* (State Fenoihles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A., 198th Squadron Service. Service, Camp Callfield. Rank, 
Sergt. 

SOBEL, Harry* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. 

SCHWEGEL, Harry M.* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Savage, James D.* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

tSMiTH, Edward Abraham (State Fencibles Co. K, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Nov. 4, 1917; Co. C, 315th Inft. Service, Camp Meade, 
France, Argonne Forest. Rank, Priv. Died of disease in service in 
France Oct. 21, 1918. 

SxYDER, Thomas J (State Fencibles Co. A, 1st Sergt.) 

U. S. N. G. June 22, 1917; Co. E, Ist Pioneer Inft. Rank, Sergt. 
Service, Camp Hoyt, Camp Hancock, Camp Wadsworth, France, Marne, 
Aisne, Meuse, Argonne offenses. Army of Occupation until May 20, 
1919. Dis. Camp Dix, July 12, 1919. 

ISpence, James* (State Fencibles Co. C, Corp.) 

U. S. N. G., 109th Inft. Rank, 1st Lieut. Wounded in action. 

Spiegle, Walter* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 



TuLLY, C. J.* (State Fencibles Co. L, Lieut.) 

U. S. N. A. Rank, Lieut. 

TuLLY, Watson Jeanes (State Fencibles Co. K, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Sept. 21, 1917; Co. C, 304th Engineer. Service, Camp Meade, 
Camp Merritt, France, Argonne Forest. Rank, Corp. Dis. Camp Dix, 
March 28, 1919. 

TowiLL, Edward Thomas (State Fencibles Co. C, Sergt.) 

U. S. N. R. Nov. 28, 1917. Service, Wissahickon Barracks and Navy 
Yard. Rank, Bugler. Dis. Phila. Navy Yard, May 8, 1019. 

^Thomas, Bernard* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. Sept. 19, 1917; Co. D, 328th Inft. Killed in France Oct., 
1918. 



184 STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 

ITracy, Robert* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N, G. March 27, 1917; Hdq. Co. 110th Inft. Rank, Sergt. 
Wounded. 

TiERNEY, George* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. E. A. 

Trysolitis, John* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A., 59th Pioneer Inft. 

tUBER, Albert George" (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. July 14, 1917; Co. L, 110th Inft. Service, Camp Hancock 
and France. Dis. Camp Dix, May 23, 1919. Wounded and gassed July 
27, 1918. 

Vantrey, Stanley* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. 

VOLZ, William F (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., Sup. Co., 109th Inft. Service, Camp Hancock, Vesle, Meuse, 
France. Re-enlisted Ft. Slocum June 27, 1919, Q. M. Dept. Now in 
service. 

Vilone, Bruno (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. July 2, 1916; Co. L, 59th Pioneer Inft. Service, Camp 
McClellan, Camp Dix, Camp Townsend; France, Argonne and Chateau- 
Thierry. Rank, Ist-class Priv. Dis. Camp Meade, May 13, 1919. 

Vincent* (State Fencibles Co. H, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 110th Inft. 

VoiGT* (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. N. R. 

Washburn, I. C* (State Fencibles Co. G, Corp.) 

Weber, William McKinley (State Fencibles Co. C, Trumpeter) 

U. S. R. A. May 1, 1918; Co. L, 22d Inft. Service, Fkd. Arsenal, Fort 
Jay, Sea Girt Target Range. Rank, Corp. Dis. Fort Jay, June 10, 
1918. 

Weston, J.* (State Fencibles Co. G, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G., 111th Inft. 

Weiss, Elmer Florian (State Fencibles Co. C, l.st Sergt.) 

U. S. N. March 19, 1917. Service, U. S. S. Chicago, U. S. S. Iowa; 
France, LaPallice. Rank, Plumber. Dis. Pelham Bay, March 5, 1919. 

White, Samuel W (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. May 14, 1917; Co. A, 109th Inft. Service, Camp Brown, 
Camp Hancock, Camp Upton and France. Rank, Bugler. Dis. Camp 
Dix, May 20, 1919. 



STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE Xg5 

Whiteman, James* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

White, Earle Hamptox (State Fencibles Co. A, Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. June 2, 1917; Batt. F, 78th F. A., 20th U. S. Cav. Service, 
Ft. Riley, Camp Logan, Ft. Still and France. Rank, Bugler. Dis. Camp 
Dix, June 26, 1919. 

tWALSii, Edward' (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. July 20, 1917; Co. M, 110th Inft. Service, Camp Hancock 
and France. Rank, Bugler. Wounded by shrapnel. 

Wasson, John* (State Fencibles Co. B) 

Co. E, 19th R. R. Engineers. 

Webster, Frank* (State Fencibles Co. B) 

U. S. Inft. Service, Ft. Slocum. 

tWEiLER, Albert G (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. G. June 15, 1917; Batt. B, 108th F. A. Service, Camp Han- 
cock, France and Belgium. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Dix, May 23, 1919. 
Gassed at Fismes. 

Whitehead, George* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. 

Wheller, Benjamin F.* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Wise, W. W.* (State Fencibles Co. K, Lieut.) 

U. S. N. A. 

Will, Paul* (State Fencibles Co. C, Priv.) 

U. S. N. R. 

Wilson, Jr., William M (State Fencibles Co. F, Priv.) 

U. S. N. A. April 27, 1918; Co. C, 146th Inft. Service, Camp Lee, Camp 
Meade and France. Rank, Priv. Dis. Camp Meade, July 10, 1919. 

Wood, Kenneth P (State Fencibles Co. F, Bugler) 

U. S. M. M. Aug. 27, 1918; U. S. S. Meade. Rank, Bugler and In- 
structor. Dis. Boston, May 30, 1919. 

Worthinoton, Maurice (State Fencibles Co. I, Corp.) 

U. S. R. A. March 5, 1918; Air Service, 492 and 1102 Aero Squadron. 
Service, Ft. Slocum, Kelly Field, Camp Merritt and France. Rank, 
Priv. Dis. Camp Mills, Feb. 13, 1919. 

YoDER, Gilbert A.* (State Fencibles Co. B, Priv.) 

U. S. N. Sept. 15, 1917; U. S. S. N. 1 and 3. Service, U. S. Naval Tr. 
Station, U. S. S. Fulton. Rank, G. M. 2c. 

Young, George* (State Fencibles Sup. Co., Priv.) 

U. S. R. A. 



IgQ STATE FENCIBLES' WAR SERVICE 

Tanner, James A (State Fencibles San. Det., Ist Sergt.) 

American Red Cross, August 26th, 1918. Rank, 2d Lieut. Capt. Feb- 
ruary 5th, 1919. Service, Camp Hospital, Camp Hunt, France. Dis. 
February 26th, 1919. 

In closing this chapter, let me say of the boys who fought 
so nobly over there, as was said by Sheppard in his "Last 
Roll Call": 

"While slowly gathered the shades of night, 
The fern on the slope was splashed with blood, 
And down in the corn, where the poppies grew, 
Were redder stains than the poppies knew, 
And crimson-dyed was the river's flood. 



*««« **** 



'Twas a victory — yes; but it cost us dear." 



CHAPTER XL 

THE RETURN OF THE STATE FENCIBLES TO THE PENNSYLVANIA 

NATIONAL GUARD RECEPTION AND DANCE POST 142 AMERICAN 

LEGION 100th ANNIVERSARY OF THE OLD GUARD DEATH OF 

MAJOR \V. W. CHEW — ANNUAL DINNER STATE FENCIBLES. 

It was said by Tennyson, "Tlie old order changeth, yield- 
ing place to the new," and so may it be said of the State 
Fencibles, for after a period of twenty years as an inde- 
pendent battalion, they are about to return and again be- 
come part of the National Guard of the State of Pennsyl- 
vania. 

It is not my purpose at this time to dig up the ashes of 
old prejudices, petty jealousy or settled litigation. It is 
sufficient to say, however, that for reasons best known to 
the officers of the Fencibles, they decided shortly after the 
Spanish-American War to sever their connection with the 
National Guard and maintain the State Fencibles as an in- 
dependent organization.* 

On the return of many of tlie Fencibles from overseas 
at the conclusion of the World War, it was deemed advis- 
able, in order to properly perpetuate the name and history 
of the Command, that at the reorganization of the National 
Guard, it should become a part of it. Negotiations were 
opened and many of the old barriers were easily removed. 
On November 21st, 1919, Colonel Lanard of the Fencibles 
made the first official announcement on this subject to tlie 
members of the Command in a letter published as follows : 

1. Your Commanding OflBcer desires to aniiounce that arrangements 
have been completed with the representatives of the Military Branch of 
the State Government for the return of the State Fencibles to the 
National Guard of the State of Pennsylvania. 

2. The detailed arrangements will be announced in a special order to 



•For detaUed account of the withdrawal of the Fencibles from the National Guarc see page 
SBl, "One Hundred Years with the State Fencibles." 

187 



Igg FENCIBLES' RETURN TO GUARD 1919 

be issued later, but at this time the Commanding Officer desires to say, 
that he hopes the record made by the officers and members of this 
Command during the late war for efficiency, loyalty and fidelity will 
be equalled, if not surpassed, in the new venture, and it is his hope 
that every officer and member will see his way clear to render to the 
Command and its officers such assistance as may call for from time to 
time, in order to properly perfect this movement. 

3. Major Edwin E. Prittie is hereby detailed as Recruiting Officer, 
and Captain John G. Moe, Assistant Recruiting Officer, with whom 
all desiring to enter the service of the National Guard of the State 
of Pennsylvania as members of this organization will file their appli- 
cation. 

4. The said recruiting officers are hereby authorized to accept provi- 
sional enlistments, subject to the approval of the officer, later desig- 
nated liv the State authorities, to muster in this Command. 



Tlie Evening Bulletin on November 21st, 1919, in speak- 
ing of this event, said : 

' ' The State Fencibles are to return to the National Guard of Penn- 
sylvania. 

Formal announcement to this effect will be made tonight at assem- 
bly in the Armory of the Fencibles, Broad and Race Streets, by 
Colonel Thomas S. Lanard, Commander of the Regiment. 

Reorganization of the National Guard offers an opportunity for 
the burial of a row of nearly twenty years' standing between the Fen- 
cibles and the Old Sixth Infantry of the former National Guard, of 
which both organizations are glad to take advantage. 

The State Fencibles were organized in 1813 to take part in the 
War of 1812, and members of the organization have participated with 
credit in every war since. The Battalion also did duty in many local 
disturbances in its long career, notably the 'Native American' riots 
of 1844. 

When the National Guard was organized from the old militia com- 
panies in 1879, the Fencibles entered the Guard, and as such served 
through the Spanish- American War. When the Guard was reorgan- 
ized after that service, the Fencibles desired to resume a separate 
entity except in purely military affairs. This was opposed by the 
rest of the regiment and the Guard authorities, and the row resulted 
in the withdrawal of the Fencibles from the State service. They be- 
came purely a city force, receiving financial support from Councils. 

The animosities engendered at that time existed for many years, but 
now apparently have died out sufficiently to permit of a complete 
reconciliation. 

When America entered the war with Germany, the Battalion was 
recruited to infantry regimental strength of 1960 men and was offered 



1919 RECEPTION AND DANCE 189 

as a unit to Colonel Roosevelt for his proposed division. It is esti- 
mated that about 7(Ui of its men served in the army during the war 
and several hundred are expected to avail llicmsolvos of the invitation 
to join the new Guard." 

No ol'ficial announcement made in recent years met with 
sucli popular accord as did the announcement that the 
Fencibles would return again to the Guard. There were 
assembled at the Armory on the evening of November 21st 
not less than 700 persons to attend a reception and ball 
given by Post 142, of the American Legion. 

The Evening Ledger in speaking of this said: 



A reception and ball was given in honor of Post 50, yeomanettes, 
by the State Fencibles Post 14ii, of the American Legion, in the State 
Fencibles' Armory, Broad and Race Streets. 

The guest of honor was Franklin D 'Oiler, National Commander of 
the American Legion. 

Among the g-uests were: George F. Tyler, State Commander; Rear 
Admiral Hughes, Rear Admiral Ilall, Roar Admiral Kaemmerling, 
Captain Dickens, Commander Parsons, Lieutenant Commander Payne, 
Colonel Lanard, of the State Fencibles Infantry Regiment; Miss Mar- 
garet Thomas, Commander Post 50; Major General Price, Major 
General \Valler, Colonel Baston, Lieutenant Colonel Mearns, Colonel 
Hutchins, Major Denig, Major Furth, of the Old Guard State Fen- 
cibles. 

The Entertainment Committee included Frank T. Bacon, Chairman; 
Miss Barr, Miss Chew, Miss Cummings, Miss Goldschieder, Miss 
Gross, Miss Hillegas, Miss Holz, Mr. Ancker, Mr. Apeler, Mr. Atkin- 
son, Mrs. Kirby, Miss Lawless, Miss Lawson, Miss Maggi, Miss Mohr, 
Miss Palmateer, Miss Phelan, Mr. Bender, Mr. Boyd, Mr. KoUsted, 
Miss Pittinger, Miss Steinbock, Miss Thomas, Miss Thomkin, Miss 
Tighe, Miss Weaver, Captain Moe. Mr. Murphy, Mr. Neal and Mr. 
Schickling. 

Officers Post 142: James A. B. Franciscus, Commander; James B. 
Murphy, Adjutant; Frank T. Bacon, Vice-Commander; Edward J. 
KoUsted, Finance Officer. 

On November 22d a meeting of the Board of Officers w^as 
called for the purpose of organizing a recruiting campaign, 
and the second public announcement of the work outlined 
by the Campaign Committee w^as made on Saturday, Novem- 
ber 29th, at the Armory at the opening of the ceremonies 



igQ FENCIBLES' RETURN TO GUARD 1919 

incident to the celebration of the One Hundredth Anniver- 
sary of the organization of the Old Guard. 

In speaking of this event the Record said: 

* ' The presentation of a handsome stand of colors by the Old 
Guard of the State Fencibles to State Fencibles Post No. 142, of the 
American Legion, was the principal feature on November 29th, 1919, 
at the centennial celebration of the Old Guard. The presentation was 
made in behalf of the Old Guard by Mayor-Elect J. Hampton Moore 
in the State Fencibles' Armory, Broad Street near Race. 

After the ceremony the Old Guard, the Infantry Battalion of the 
State Fencibles and the State Fencibles Post No. 142 paraded to In- 
dependence Hall, where they were reviewed by Superintendent of 
Police James Robinson, Captain Henry Crofut, drillmaster of the 
police, and Captain Harry Edwards. All three served in the World 
War. Captain Robinson was in the Quartermaster's Department, 
Captain Crofut was attached to the Military Police and Captain Ed- 
wards was with the 314th Infantry. 

The exercises at the Armory opened with an address by Major 
Emanuel Furth, Commander of the Old Guard, who introduced Mayor- 
elect Moore. Major Furth warmly praised those younger members 
of the Fencibles who became members of the great citizen army that 
served across the seas and who have organized as Post No. 142, of the 
American Legion. He called special attention to the fact that it was 
just such young men as these drawn from the peaceful pursuits of 
civilian life, who were willing to risk their all in the great war. 
Major Furth then introduced Mayor-elect Moore, who congratulated 
the members of the Old Guard upon the occasion of their one hun- 
dredth anniversary. 

Mr. Moore presented the colors to Post No. 142, headed by Com- 
mander J. A. B. Franciscus, who made the speech of acceptance. 
The ceremony ended with the playing of the 'Star-Spangled Banner' 
by the Police Band. 

After the presentation of the colors, the Old Guard made its annual 
pilgrimage to Independence Hall. With the Guard marched the In- 
fantry Battalion and the State Fencibles Post. The parade was 
headed by mounted policemen, after whom came the Old Guard Fife 
and Drum Corps. Next the Old Guard, led by Major Furth, the 
Police Band, one Infantry Battalion, under Colonel Thomas S. Lanard, 
and last the members of State Fencibles Post No. 142, American 
Legion. All told there were about 350 men in line of whom about 
forty-five were Old Guard members and about 200 post members. 

Among those participating in the parade was Captain William G. 
Cook, of the Old Guard of New York, an organization similar to the 
Old Guard in this city. Among the post members in the parade was 
Captain Stanley Roberts, who won the Croix de Guerre in the late war. 



1919 DEATH OF MAJOR CHEW 191 

One of the aides of Commander Franciscus was Walter Rhodes, of the 
314th Machine Gun Battalion, who won the British war cross and the 
British military medal, and who is said to be eligible for the Ameri- 
can distinguished service medal. Rhodes and another man, a Sergeant 
Murphy, who cleaned out two enemy machine gun nests and captured 
twenty-eight men in the Artois region. Another war hero in the 
parade was Sergeant B. F. Ncal, who served in Section 545 at the 
Italian front in the ambulance service. He wears the Italian war 
cross. 

Following the parade the men assembled at a dinner in the Armory. 

On Monday, December 8th, news was received of the 
death of former Major W. W. Chew at his home in Melrose 
Park, Penna. 

The notice of his death was officially announced to the 
Command in an order published as follows : 

HEADQUARTERS STATE FENCIBLES INFANTRY REGIMENT 
Armory Broad and Race Streets 
Philadelphia 
Special Order: December 8, 1919. 

The Commanding Officer announces the death of a former Com- 
mander of the State Fencibles, Major W. W. Chew at his home, Mel- 
rose Park, Penna., this day. 

Major W. Wesley Chew was born April IGth, 1842, in the old district 
of Southwark. He was a son of Wesley Chew, of the old Chew family 
of Revolutionary fame. His father was an active member^ of the 
Philadelphia Grays, one of the crack organizations of that time. 
Major Chew attended and graduated from the Mt. Vernon Grammar 
School, and started his business life with the brokerage firm of Mc- 
Hcnry & Brill. It was while he was so employed that he became 
acquainted and later became a very close friend of Colonel James 
Page, who at that time commanded the State Fencil)les. Page was a 
great skater and took Chew under his tuition. His relations with 
the Colonel were always very pleasant. Later he secured employment 
on the staff of the old Saturday Evening Post and served with them 
until 1863. During '63 Chew enlisted in the 107th Penna. Vol., and 
served until the close of the war. He enlisted in the State Fencibles 
under Major John W. Ryan and served in the ranks until 1.S77, when 
he was elected Second Lieutenant and served as such until tlie forma- 
tion of the battalion in 1878, when he was elected Captain of Com- 
pany B, with which Company he served until the death of Major Ryan, 
whom he succeeded in command of the Battalion. 

At the expiration of his commission, 1891, although urged by every 
officer and non-commissioned officer of the Command to accept re- 
election, he refused on account of ill health. 



192 FENCIBLES' EETURN TO GUAED 1919 

In the death of Major Chew this Command has sustained a severe 
loss, for during his long term of service he had by his devotion to 
duty, his enthusiasm for the maintenance of this time-honored Com- 
mand, and his manly and courageous action upon many occasions vrhile 
in the service of the City, State and Nation, endeared himself to the 
hearts of his officers and men and the many friends of this Command. 
As a mark of respect, the flag over the Armory will be at half- 
staff until after the funeral and his picture in the Armory will be ' 
suitably draped for a period of thirty days. 

By order of 

Thomas S. Lanard, 
Colonel Commanding. 

The Evening Bulletin in announcing the death of Major 
Chew, said: 

"Major Walter Wesley Chew, a veteran of the Civil War and former 
Commander of the State Fencibles, died today at his home in Melrose 
Park. 

For thirty years he conducted a printing business at 712 Chestnut 
Street. He retired three years ago. 

Major Chew was seventy-eight years old. His death was due to 
hardening of the arteries. He was ill a month. The Major is sur- 
vived by four children, three sons and a daughter. His wife died 
four years ago. 

Major Chew was interested in military affairs throughout his life. 
After serving in the Civil War, he continued his military training 
with the State Fencibles, and held the rank of Major for seventeen 
years in this organization. 

During the Spanish-American and the present war Major Chew 
kept abreast with the military affairs. 

Major Chew was a brother-in-law of former State Senator Louis P. 
DeRousse, 326 North Sixth Street, Camden. 

The funeral will be held Thursday afternoon in Melrose Park. In- 
terment will be private in North Laurel Hill Cemetery. 

On December 17th the Christmas dinner of the Board of 
Officers of the Fencibles was held on Ackers' balcony. There 
were present as guests many former members of the Fen- 
cibles and many of the new officers of the National Guard. 
At this dinner the detailed plans for the return of the State 
Fencibles were made known. 



1919 ANNUAL DINNER 193 



CHRISTMAS DINNER 

of the 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

INFANTRY CORPS STATE FENCIBLES 

At the conclusion of the Annual Meeting December 17th, 1919, com- 
memorating the return of the State Fencibles to the Pennsylvania 
National Guard. 



ACKERS DINING BALCONY 

CHESTNUT AT TWELFTH STREET 



Dinner under Supervision of Capt. A. H. BURTON 



Oyster Cocktail 

Consomme Madeleine Celery 

Lobster Newberg 

Roast Spring Turkey, Chestnut Dressing 

Cranberry Jelly 

Fresh Mushrooms in Cream Potato Croquets 

Combination Salad 

Sweet Briar Mince Pie Fresh Strawberry Ice Cream 

Fancy Cakes Balcony Blend Coffee 

Cigars Bon-Bons Cigarettes 



GUESTS 
Maj. Gen. WILLIAM G. PRICE, Jr. 
Col. ROBERT M. BROOKFIELD 
Col. FRED TAYLOR PUSEY 
Col. WILLIAM R. SCOTT 
Maj. THURBER T. BRAZER 
Maj. EMANUEL FURTH 
Rev. CHARLES M. BOSWELL 
Capt. WILLIAM E. SHARPS 
Capt. JOSEPH GRAHAM 
Capt. SAMUEL H. K. SCHAEFFER 
Capt. JOHN H. BENNER 
WARREN G. GRIFFITH, ESQ. 
DANIEL W. LANARD 
Capt. JAMES B. MURPHY 
Sergt. J. R. CLAYTON 

Toast Master 
Col. THOMAS S. LANARD 



;j^94 FENCIBLES' RETURN TO GUARD 1919 

The Author of this history regrets that no more can be 
written at this time concerning this very important matter 
of the return to the Guard, as the forms for this book will 
close December 20th and the further details of this move- 
ment must be left to be written as a fitting introduction to 
a new history of this Command, which no doubt, some day 
the Fencibles will cause to be published. 

In conclusion, the Author desires to say to the officers 
and men who have so loyally struggled in the past, in their 
attempts to gain proper recognition for the Fencibles, that 
now the Command has returned to the Guard, its liistory 
and traditions will be preserved and its future maintenance 
and existence assured. May I say, therefore, in conclusion, 
using a thought from the words of Dickens, 

It is a far, far better thing we do than we have ever done. There 
is a far, far brighter future than we have ever known. 



CHAPTER XII. 

Other Activities at the Armory. 

THE OLD GUARD— the MEDICAL CORPS— STATE FENCIBLES 
VETERAN RESERVE— STATE FENCIBLES POST AMERICAN LEGION. 

The Old Guard State Fencibles. 

The first mention of the organization of an Old Guard m 
connection with the State Fencibles is November 29th, 1819, 
when the active members, who had participated in the War 
of 1812-14 assembled and presented to Captain James Page, 
then commanding the State Fencibles, the original State 
Fencibles' banner, which may still be seen in the quarters 
of the Commandant in the Armory at Broad and Eace 
Streets. From that time on various members, having served 
in the Active Command, were later elected to the Old Guard. 
From 1820 to 1849 every year, with very few exceptions, 
there is a record of much activity on the part of the Old 
Guard and of members being elected. 

In 1851 the Old Guard participated in the reception 
tendered Lajos Kossuth, the Hungarian Patriot. From 
1852 to 1861 it was the custom of the Old Guard to accom- 
pany the active corps at Spring target firing, which took 
place at Taconv, Fatland and other places. 

1854 was the year of the celebrated ball at Musical Fund 
Hall. 1855 marked the death of Clement C. Biddle, the first 
Captain of the State Fencibles. At the request of his family, 
there was no militarv demonstration, but suitable resolu- 
tions were adopted by the Old Guard. 1856 was the year 
of the laying of the corner stone of the National Guards' 
Armorv on Race Street between Fifth and Sixth Streets. 
This was an event long remembered, in which the Old Guard 
played a very prominent part. 1859 the Old Guard, together 
with the Active Command, made a trip to New York City. 

195 



196 THE OLD GUARD STATE FENCIBLES 1861 

1861 brought the conflict between the North and South. 
It was at that time that the Old Guard met at the Wetherill 
house and there adopted the following resolutions : 

Resolved, That this meeting form itself into a military organiza- 
tion to be entitled ' ' The State Feneibles Old Guard. ' ' It will act in 
conjunction with the City authorities. 

Perhaps the most interesting meeting w^as on October 
28th, 1866, when a reunion of the surviving members of the 
Old Guard of the State Feneibles was held at the house of 
Colonel Page, 272 South Fourth Street. Among those pres- 
ent were Henry J. Williams, aged 76; James J. Barclay, 
aged 73; John J. Breban, aged 75; Henry C. Carey, aged 
74 ; Charles S. Coxe, aged 76 ; F. Goodwin, aged 74 ; Charles 

A. Grice, aged 75 ; C. N. Hagner, aged 71 ; A. Hildebrandt, 
aged 77 ; Gabriel Kerns, aged 76 ; John Biset, aged 73 ; R. H. 
Small, aged 72, and James Page, aged 73 years, aggregating 
965 years. The absentees were Joseph R. Ingersoll, John 

B. Budd, George N. Hagner, W. L. Hodge, Baldwin Gardiner 
and John S. Green. 

Following this meeting a letter was received by Colonel 
James Page: 

Referring to the enclosed slip cut from the New York Daily Times 
of Monday, November 4th, 1867, I beg to inform you that my father, 
Baldwin Gardiner, a member of the ''Feneibles" in 1841, is still 
living in his seventy-eighth year. Supposing that this might be in- 
teresting to at least some of the survivors, at his request I write these 
lines and remain, 

Yours respectfully, 

Chas. Chauncey Gakdiner. 

On January 8th, 1867, the Corps met at the home of John 
Poulson to celebrate the Battle of New Orleans. A banquet 
was served and Fencible spirit reigned supreme. The meet- 
ings of February 12th, March 12th and April 9th were held 
at the store of Doctor Schenk, Sixth and Arch Streets. On 
May 26th the Corps celebrated its Fifty-fourth Anniversary 
with a banquet. Among the guests present were General 
Robert Patterson, General George Cadwalader and Colonel 
Williams. 



1871 THE OLD GUARD STATE FENCIBLES I97 

Shortly after the close of the Civil War in January, 1871, 
John W. Ryan, late Captain, Company A, of the Baxter 
Zouaves, became connected with the Fencibles, and at this 
time Captain James Page, who had been in command of the 
active organizations for over fifty years, gathered about 
him many of the old members of the Fencibles, and the Old 
Guard again started on its days of prosperity. 

On August 27th, 1872, the Old Guard assembled, and, to- 
gether with the Active Command, left for Atlantic City. 
From then on no important events in the history of the 
Command w^as complete without the representation of the 
Old Guard. 

On March 26th, 1885, there was a complete reorganization 
of the Old Guard. The officers then elected were : Captain, 
E. E. Packer; First Lieutenant, Robert Pollock; Second 
Lieutenant, H. M. Brewer, and Charles E. Glentw^orth was 
appointed Adjutant. 

The organization thus formed maintained a fairly active 
career for a period of about two years. It continued to 
exist, practically in name only, until July, 1900. It was 
at this period that the efforts of the Third Battalion of the 
Sixth Regiment, N. G. P., to obtain possession of the Armory 
of the Fencibles by ordinance of City Councils, first became 
a matter of public discussion. The public hearing before 
the Joint Committee of Councils on City Property, which 
resulted in a negative recommendation of the ordinance in 
question, was largely attended by former members of the 
Fencibles, and resulted, among other things, in the forma- 
tion of the present body known as "The Old Guard State 
Fencibles." It was then believed that, in the approaching 
contest for the possession of the Armory, involving, per- 
haps, the destruction of the historic corps, its veterans 
might be of great service in preserving both. Subsequent 
events proved that the old maxim, ''Once a Fencible, always 
a Fencible," still had force and application. 

During the entire Summer of 1900 the Old Guard met 
and perfected its organization by the election of Major AVil- 
liam A. Witherup, a former Commander of the Battalion, 
as the Major of the Old Guard. Under his direction and 



igg THE OLD GUARD STATE FENCIBLES 1901 

with the able assistance of Major Emanuel Furth, the attor- 
ney for the Fencibles, the Old Guard furnished the brains 
and the sinews of war required in a conflict lasting several 
years, from which the Battalion emerged triumphantly, 
secure in its possession of the Armory, its historic memen- 
toes and full military equipment. After the Supreme Court 
of the Commonwealth had, by its decree, fixed the contested 
issues in favor of the Fencibles, beyond peradventure or 
doubt. Councils of the City of Philadelphia, by ordinance, 
made the Fencibles a Municipal Guard under the control of 
the Mayor and the Director of Public Safety. 

The Eighty-eighth Anniversary of the Corps was cele- 
brated by the first public appearance of the Old Guard in 
uniform, accompanying the Battalion, upon its Annual 
Parade on May 26th, 1901, and on the evening of that day a 
banquet was given on the drill floor of the Armory. This 
custom has been followed on each succeeding anniversary 
with ever-increasing interest and success. 

In 1903 By-laws were adopted by the Old Guard as the 
result of which a civil, in addition to the military, organiza- 
tion was formed and Captain Robert J. Thompson was 
unanimously elected as President. 

In October, 1903, the Old Guard, by invitation, went to 
New York to attend and participate in the reception there 
given to the Ancient and Honorable Artillery of London, 
England. It was a trip to be long and pleasantly remem- 
bered by those who participated. 

The regular monthly meetings of the Old Guard have for 
the past few years been very pleasant. At the close of each 
meeting a lunch is pro\'ided for the members, and the old- 
time sociability for which the Fencibles have always been 
famous, is thus revived. The Ladies' Auxiliary Committee 
has upon various occasions, by its social entertainments, 
aided in successfully carrying out the projects of the Old 
Guard, which are, after all, solely for the successful per- 
petuation of the Battalion. 

In 1907 Major Witherup was obliged, owing to his private 
business affairs, to decline further re-election as Com- 



1909 



THE OLD GUARD STATE FENCIBLES 199 

maiider of the Old Guard, and Captain Robert P. Schellinger 
was elected Commander in his place. , ^ . r^ 

In 1909 Comrade Emanuel Furth was elected Com- 
mander, and is the present Major of the Old Guard. 

In 1911 in view of the then approaching celebration ot 
the Centennial Anniversary of the War of 1812 by the City 
of Philadelphia, and the preparations being made for the 
Centennial Anniversary of the Fencibles m 1913, the Old 
Guard decided to change its uniform to comport ^^^th the 
period of the early part of the Nineteenth Century when the 
State Fencibles was first organized. On that occasion the 
public once more became familiar with the Peg-^op 
trousers, the cutawav coat, cross belts and tar-pot hat 
now only seen in old prints and pictures, recalling to mmd 
the uniforms of former days and the times when war and 
strife seemed uppermost in the minds of civilized peoples. 

The mission of the Old Guard is to perpetuate an his- 
toric organization, identified with the early history of our 
countrv, and to preserve for all time the fine qualities ex- 
hibited by our citizen soldiery in upholding the Government, 
carrying the lesson to posterity of moral courage always 
required in the support of its constitution and the execution 
of the laws made in pursuance thereof. On November 29th, 
1919, the Old Guard will celebrate its lOO^h Anniversary 
On this occasion there will be a parade of the Old Guard 
and the State Fencibles Post American Legion, at the con- 
clusion of which a flag ^vill be presented to the Legion by 
the Old Guard. This will be followed by a banquet. 

The military officers of the Old Guard are: 

Commander, Major Emanuel Furth; Senior Vice-Com- 
mander, Capt. George 0. Wetherbee; Junior Vice-Com- 
mander Lieut. Fred H. Starling; Adjutant, Capt. Samuel 
H K Shaffer; Quartermaster, Lieut. Christopher Kath; 
Commissarv, Lieut. Jacob Bieg; Paymaster Capt. John H. 
Benner; Surgeon, Lieut. John C-Esher; Sergeant Major 
John B. Pepper; Color Sergeant, George H. Barbier; Band 
Master, Sergt.-Major William L. Peck. 



200 THE STATE FENCIBLES MEDICAL COEPS 1917 

The civil officers of the Old Guard are : 

President, Capt. John H. Jordan; Vice-President, Major 
Kobert P. Schellinger; Secretary, Capt. Samuel H. K. 
Shaffer; Treasurer, Capt. John H. Benner; Financial Sec- 
retary, Capt. John B. Pepper; Board of Directors, George 
Schlachter, Clifton Peale, Capt. Frank T. Bacon, Sergt.- 
Major William L. Peck, Jr., and John M. Whelan. 

The State Fencibles Medical Corps* 

When the United States entered the World War, the 
medical officer of the State Fencibles, Captain P. Samuel 
Stout, promptly entered the medical service of the army. 
Events so shaped themselves, however, as to enable this 
organization to be of service at home through the creation 
of a medical staff. 

The Medical Corps of the State Fencibles was organized 
for two purposes : 

1. To train physicians and medical students who were preparing to 
enter the U. S. Army as medical officers, in all branches required by 
Buch officers. 

2. To compensate in a measure for the great dearth of physicians 
in the city, and thus offset sohie of the dangers that their absence in 
the army imposed upon those who, employed in manufacturing plants, 
were daily exposed to accidents of all kinds. This, the Medical Corps 
aimed to do by teaching first-aid to employees of both sexes in such 
plants and to protect them against disease. 

The U. S. Government, warned bj^ the disastrous results 
which followed the closing of medical schools in Great 
Britain and France, in order to liberate their faculties and 
student bodies for the medical services, concluded wisely 
to maintain the teaching efficiency of American medical 
schools. The only condition imposed, however, was that 
they should be conducted with a faculty limited to those pro- 
fessors and other instructors whose importance as such 
rendered them indispensable to the school, all others being 
to enter the army or navy, if within the age limit. These 

♦Contributed by Lieutenant Colonel C. E. deM. Sajous. 



1917 THE STATE FENCIBLES MEDICAL CORPS 201 

"indispensables," as they were termed by the War Depart- 
ment, were regarded as serving the country, and when 
hostilities ceased, a plan was on foot to commission all medi- 
cal teachers as officers in the U. S. Army. 

To enhance their usefulness, however, some universities 
undertook military training of medical students. Prominent 
among these was the Temple University of Philadelphia, 
whose trustees made a military course obligatory for all its 
medical, dental and pharmaceutical students, aggregating 
480 men. They appointed as commandant (title indicated 
by the Adjutant General of the United States Army) Pro- 
fessor Charles E. de M. Sajous, a retired militia officer. 
Colonel Sajous, in turn, appointed as his Staff, Major Fred- 
erick 0. Waage, M. C, N. G. P., Director of Tactics ; Major 
W. Hersey Thomas, M. R. C, U. S. A., Director of Sanita- 
tion and Staff Adjutant; Prof. I. N. Broomell, D. D. S., 
Director of Special Dental Studies, and Prof. E. Evert 
Kendig, Phar. D., M. D., Director of Special Pharmaceutical 
Studied ; and Sergeant First-class H. E. Carey, M. C, N. G. 
P., Drillmaster, all constituting a Board presided over by 
Wilmer Krusen, M. D., F. A. C. S., Director of Health of the 
City of Philadelphia. Among the lecturers may be men- 
tioned several officers who subsequently served with distinc- 
tion in the army and navy. Commander Clement Biddle, 
U. S. N., retired, a descendant of the first commander of 
the State Fencibles, Captain, afterwards Colonel, Clement 
C. Biddle (War of 1812) ; Lieut.-Colonel W. Wayne Bab- 
cock, Major W. Hersey Thomas, Major Frederick 0. Waage 
(since deceased). Major F. C. Hammond, Captain S. D. 
Ingham, Captain John 0. Bower, Captain Carlton N. Rus- 
sell, Captain John Leedom, Captain Rae S. Dorsett, First 
Lieutenant F. E. Freeman, First Lieutenant Charles S. 
Miller, all of the Reserve Corps of the United States Army. 

It soon became evident that the purely military instruc- 
tion required a greater number of trained line officers, and 
increased armory facilities. The Director of Health of 
the City of Philadelphia, Dr. Wilmer Krusen, Vice-Presi- 
dent of Temple University and Chairman of the Board of 
Directors of the Corps, then applied to the State Fencibles 



202 THE STATE FENCIBLES MEDICAL CORPS 1917 

for any aid that it might be able to offer. The most cordial 
welcome was accorded the Commandant of the Medical 
Reserve Cadet Corps and his Staff and the Commandant 
of the State Fencibles placed the Armory and all its facili- 
ties at their disposal ; also assigned Major Edwin J. Prittie, 
Captain John G. Moe, Adjutant and First Lieutenants H. T. 
Porter and William L. Myers and Second Lieutenant Robert 
R. McAtee, of the State Fencibles, as instruction officers on 
duty with the Medical Reserve Cadet Corps. The latter 
was then divided into five U. S. regulation sanitary com- 
panies, each with its corps of officers and instructors. 

Closer ties soon developed between the officers of the two 
commands and the creation of a medical corps for the State 
Fencibles out of the medical officers of the Cadet Corps was 
agreed upon and carried out. The following officers were 
then duly commissioned on May 7th, 1918, and assigned to 
the duties mentioned after their names, besides the above- 
named line officers : 

Charles E. de M. Sajous, M.D., LL.D., Lieutenant-Colonel 
Commanding Medical Corps. A Company: Major H. 
Evert Kendig, M. D., Adjutant; Captain William F. Kelly, 
M. D. ; Cadet Lieutenant Dale Z. Hendrixsen. B Company : 
Major H. Brooker Mills, M. D. ; Captain George W. Firth, 
M. D.; Cadet Lieutenant Anthony Domine. C Company: 
Major Luther C. Peter, M. D. ; Captain Louis A. Kirschner, 
M. D. ; Cadet Lieutenant Clarance F. Ruloff. D Company : 
Major J. Madison Taylor, M. D.; Captain H. W. Boeh- 
ringer, M. D. ; Cadet Lieutenant Louis Milkman. E Com- 
pany: Major John C. Applegate, M. D. ; Captain N. H. 
Anthony, Ph. G. ; Cadet Lieutenant Joseph I. Gouterman; 
Captain F. St. E. Rusca, D. D. S., Dental Surgeon. 

The Medical Corps was thus admirably organized at the 
end of the 1917-18 session to start anew its preparation of 
medical, dental and pharmaceutical students for the army, 
when the 1918-19 session of the University would begin the 
following September. 

The Summer of 1918, however, was one that all uni- 
versities, and particularly the medical schools, will never 
forget. The Government then created the Students' Army 



1918 THE STATE FENCIBLES MEDICAL CORPS 203 

Training Corps, the purpose of which was to train students 
for the service in the U. S. Army as officers. While well 
arranged for the efficient training of line officers, that of 
medical students as efficient army surgeons was entirely 
overlooked — even though it has often been estimated that 
the loss of one military surgeon to the Army equaled the 
loss of two hundred men of the rank and file. The result 
was that medical students were made to waste many lec- 
tures, and clinical and laboratory hours in kitchen police, 
guard and sentry duty, etc. The immediate result was that 
the Government's Students' Army Training Corps made 
it impossible to continue the special training of the Uni- 
versity Medical Cadet Corps. 

The Medical Corps of the State Fencibles had had, how- 
ever, an additional project in view, likewise calculated to 
serve the country; that of aiding those who were left at 
home with inadequate medical protection. During the month 
of September, 1918, one also rendered memorable in Phila- 
delphia by the epidemic of influenza which carried off thou- 
sands of its citizens. The Commandant of the State Fen- 
cibles sent to many manufacturers of our city a letter an- 
nouncing the organization of the above course of instruc- 
tion to be given at the Armory, in part, as follows : 

"The proportion of physicians entering the Army and Navy is so 
large that a serious dearth of them is already being felt by the public 
as well as in hospitals. Unless an establishment such as yours is pro- 
vided with an attending surgeon and a surgical dispensary, those of 
your employees who may be injured will often be exposed to consider- 
able delay pending the arrival of your physician. They will thus be 
exposed to prolonged suffering, and if shock and hemorrhage happen 
to be severe, to loss of life. Should the war end tomorrow, a year at 
least would elapse before normal conditions are restored. 

To diminish as much as possible these risks to your employees, the 
Medical Corps of the State Fencibles Infantry Regiment has under- 
taken to instruct gratuitously two or more of your employees selected 
by yourselves (two for 200 employees or less, three for 200 to 1000, 
four for any number above this limit) in advanced emergency first-aid, 
the handling of injured, etc., as taught in the U. S. Army, including 
advances made during the present war. Measures calculated to pro- 
tect your employees during epidemics will also be taught. All this 
instruction will continue after the war. ***** 



204 THE STATE FENCIBLES MEDICAL CORPS 1918 

The State Fencibles, which has contributed over many men to the 
U. S. Army, desires to further contribute to the success of the war 
by providing for the safety of the families at home of the soldiers 
on the fighting line. It is earnestly hoped that you will assist in 
the good work by filling the enclosed card and returning it at your 
earliest convenience. ' ' 

The responses indicated the need of such an educational 
movement, the mill hands and other employees represented 
by the appointees aggregating at one time over fifteen thou- 
sand, all of whom would benefit indirectly from the instruc- 
tion given their representatives. The course of sixty lec- 
tures, drills, demonstrations, etc., was entrusted by the 
Colonel commanding the State Fencibles and the Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel commanding its Medical Corps to the following 
officers : 

Drill Service : Major Edwin J. Prittie, with Lieutenants 
Porter, Myers and McAtee as aids. Litter Drill and Am- 
bulance Service : Major Kendig, with Lieutenant Hendrix- 
sen as aid. Lecture Service: Major Peter, with Captain 
Boehringer as aiB. Applied First-aid and Camp Services : 
Major Brooker Mills, with Captains Kirschner and Firth as 
aids. 

The course of twenty lectures proper, followed by train- 
ing in bandaging, dressing of injuries, etc., included the fol- 
lowing subjects; 

General Hygiene and Protection against epidemics and 
commonplace infections; hygiene of manufacturing plants. 
— Lieutenant-Colonel Sajous. 

Hygiene of Children and their protection against infec- 
tion ; first-aid in ailments of childhood. — Major Mills. 

Elementary Anatomy and Physiology necessary for the 
intelligent application of first-aid measures. — Major Scott. 

Burns, scalds, bruises, open wounds, hemorrhage, bandag- 
ing and dressings. — Captain Firth. 

Fractures, dislocation, strains and sprains, splints and 
bandaging. First-aid stations. — Captain Kirschner. 

Freezing, frost-bite, venomous bites, heat prostration, 
drowning, asphyxiation, lightning shocks, resuscitation. — 
Major Taylor. 



1918 THE STATE FENCIBLES MEDICAL CORPS 205 

Poisons and poisoning, alcoholism and diseases resem- 
bling it, treatment of various forms of poisoning. — Major 
Kendig. 

Injuries of, and foreign bodies in the eyes, nose and 
throat; defects of vision, their importance and correction. — 
Major Peter. 

Care of the teeth as a protection against disease in adults 
and children. — Captain Rusca. 

The lectures and practical instruction, begun November 
30th, 1918, and terminated May 21st, 1919, were well at- 
tended, though irregularly by some of the representatives. 
As an expression of appreciation to those who had attended 
faithfully the lectures and drills, and who were able to pass 
a satisfactory examination on all the branches taught, a cer- 
tificate such as that illustrated below was awarded at the 
graduating exercises held at the Armory Monday evening. 
May 26th, 1919. 

The students of both sexes who obtained from eighty to 
one hundred per cent in their examinations and who were 
thus specially honored were : Mr. C. Barth, Mr. Okey Bell, 
Mr. Harry L. Brewster, Mr. Samuel F. Crowder, Mr. Joseph 
Rosenberg, Mr. S. F. Watson, Mrs. C. C. Barnes, Mrs. R. 
Kift, Miss Hilda B. Altschuler, Miss Pauline Beregoffsky, 
Miss E. Hard, Miss K. B. Hard, Miss Betty Kinzinger, Miss 
Alice LoughUn, Miss Fannie London, Miss Laura Macken, 
Miss Meta C. Thiry, Miss Gertrude Thiry. 

In the meantime, however, the Armistice had caused a 
cessation of hostilities and physicians began to return after 
serving faithfully in the army and navy. They are increas- 
ingly, therefore, annulling the need of a work calculated to 
render their absence less liable to entail suffering and lo«s 
of life. Yet when we bear in mind that the casualties of 
the war among our troops represent but a fraction of those 
that occur annually in the industrial plants, and that Phila- 
delphia is the most important industrial center in the 
United States, we are brought to realize that a continuation 
of such instruction as that given by the Medical Corps of 
the State Fencibles may serve a humane purpose. 



206 VETERAN RESERVE CORPS 1919 



State Fencibles' Veteran Reserve. 

The close of World War brought the State Fencibles face 
to face with a problem which confronted all military or- 
ganizations which had been in the service, and that was 
what was to become of the members who had "done their 
bit" and who desired to be affiliated with the Command, 
but not on the roll as an active member. This thought gave 
birth to a new organization known as "The State Fencibles' 
Veteran Reserve." The purpose of this organization, as 
stated by its By-laws, being "to gather together former 
members of the State Fencibles, who have served in its ranks 
and who wish to maintain their connection with the Com- 
mand, but who do not desire to devote the time required of 
an active member." 

On May 5th, 1919, the first meeting was held at the 
Armory with Captain Joseph L. Dunn as Chairman, and 
Robert McAtee as Secretary, together with J. R. Clayton 
and E. Weiss, as members of the By-law Committee. The 
date fixed for organization was June 2d, 1919, when the By- 
laws were adopted and officers elected. 

This organization is too young to have made much his- 
tory, nevertheless, it has taken part in many of the Fen- 
cibles' activities, several of the members attending the 106th 
Anniversary Dinner of the Command at the Armory. 

The officers for 1919 and 1920 are : President, Joseph L. 
Dunn; Vice-President, Elmer F. Weiss; Secretary, Robert 
A. McAtee ; Treasurer, H. A. Lester ; Military Commander 
with rank of Lieutenant, C. K. Fowler. Original Members : 
Eugene M. Schanz, Judson A. Clayton, Joseph R. Spink, 
Benjamin Crowther, William H. Weikel, Joseph L. Dunn, 
Elmer F. Weiss, C. K. Fowler, Walter J. Young, H. A. Les- 
ter, John Lutz, William T. Myers, Robert A. McAtee and 
William H. Pennington. 



1919 



THE AMERICAN LEGION 207 



State Fencibles Post No. 142, American Legion. 

At the June meeting of the Old Guard State Fencibles 
Comrades James A. B. Franciscus and James B. Murphy 
brought to the notice of those present that posts of the 
American Legion were being formed in various parts of 
the city and inasmuch as the members of the active corps 
and a number of the Old Guard had responded to the call 
to the colors, suggested that a post be formed to be known 
as the State Fencibles Post so as to band these veterans 
together. A motion was made and carried, and the follow- 
ing committee was appointed: H. LeGrand Ensign, Frank 
T. Bacon, James B. Murphy and James A. B. Franciscus. 

The first meeting of the Committee was held in the office 
of Lieutenant Ensign, on the 18th of June, 1919, and the 
following officers were appointed to act temporarily : James 
A. B Franciscus, Commander; Frank T. Bacon, Vice-Com- 
mander; James B. Murphy, Adjutant. The Committee 
waited on George Wentworth Carr, Chairman of the State 
Committee, and received information regarding the formmg 
of a post and also upon the Commandant of the State Fen- 
cibles for the use of the Armory and permission for the use 
of the name State Fencibles, both of which were granted. 

Having obtained the necessary fifteen members, applica- 
tion was made for a charter which was approved and 
granted by the State and national headquarters as Post ISo. 
142, American Legion. 

The following were the signers of the preliminary char- 
ter: Harry Apeler, Carlos Alvarez, Frank T. Bacon, 
Arthur E. Bogart, Stephan Baugham, Charles T. Campbell, 
James A. B. Franciscus, Earl W. Kidd, James B. Murphy, 
Jr., John Taeffner, Merrill Taggert, Frank B. Todd, Jr., 
Ferdinand Tartazalia, H. A. W. Winterknight and Chan- 
ning Wegefarth. ^ 

The first regular meeting was held in the State Fencibles 
Armorv at Broad and Race Streets, Philadelphia. July 31st, 
1919, and on motion, the temporary officers, Franciscus, 



208 THE AMERICAN LEGION 1919 

Commander ; Bacon, Vice ; Murphy, Adjutant, were elected 
unanimously the first officers of the Post. 

Edward Koellstead and Benjamin Neal were the first 
representatives elected to a convention, the State Conven- 
tion at Harrisburg, October 2d, 3d and 4th, 1919. 

At a meeting October 9th, 1919, the Post had present 
sixty-six members and a membership of three hundred and 
four men. 



CHAPTER XIIL 

Officers of the State Fexcibles Infantry Regiment. 

Colonel Thomas S. Lanard .Eulistod in Co. D, Juuc 13, 1905; com- 

inissioued 1st Lieut., Juue 20, 1905 ; 
commissioucd Captain and Adjutant, 
Nov. 7, 1906; Major, June 23, 1913, 
Colonel, April 2, 1917. 

LiEUT.-CoLONEL JoHN D. Garcia Enlisted in Co. A, April 19, 1894; ap- 
pointed Corporal, May 11, 1897; 
served with Co. A, State Fcncibles, 
as Co. K, Sixtli Reg'. Inft. in Spanish- 
American War; M. O. with company 
as Corporal, October 17, 1898; re- 
enlisted Co. A, appointed Q. M. Seryt., 
1900; commissioned 2d Lieut., April 
25, 1904; Captain Co. A, July 16, 
1906; re-commissioned Captain, July 
1, 1911; Major, April 2, 1917; Lieut.- 
Colonel, Sept. 12, 1917. 

Major Edwin J. Prittie Enlisted in Co. D, January 16, 1903 ; 

appointed Corporal, March 15, 1903 ; 
Sergeant, Sept. 21, 1903; discharged 
business interference. May 23, 1905; 
enlisted in Co. C, October 7, 1906; 
commissioned 2d Lieut., November 24, 
1906; 1st Lieut., September 9, 1907; 
Captain, August 6, 1908; Major, June 
10, 1918. 

Major Thomas T. Tinnet Captain Co. B, Juuc 25, 1915; Major, 

April 2, 1917. 

Captain John G. Moe Enlisted in Co. C, November 19, 1908; 

appointed Corporal, September 1, 
1909; appointed Q. M. Sergt., No- 
vember 7, 1912; Sergt. Q. M., Janu- 
ary 2, 1910; Sergt. Major Batt., 
August 10, 1914; 1st Lieut. Co. C, 
March 18, 1916; Capt. and Adjt. 
Batt., November 23, 1916; Capt. and 
209 



210 



OFFICEES OF STATE FENCIBLES 



1919 



Adjt. Regt., April 20, 1917. Fur- 
lough for service and returned. 



Captain Philip S. Stout. 



Enlisted for Training Camp, Septem- 
ber, 1015; appointed Corporal, 1915; 
commissioned 1st Lieut., lf>15; Cap- 
tain, April 2, 1917. U. S. Service, 1918 
and 1919. Returned. • • 



Captain Frank N. Greene Commissioned Captain and Surgeon, 

February 27, 1907. Entered U. S. 
Med. Corps, at outbreak of war, 
April 7, 1917. Still in service. 

Captain George W. Tryon Commissioned Captain and Chaplain, 

April 2, 1917. 

Captain Alfred H. Burton Enlisted in Co. C, December 24, 1888 ; 

appointed Corporal, February 20, 
1890; Sergeant, January 15, 1891; 
Battalion Commissary Sergt., August 
15, 1897; commissioned 2d Lieut. Co. 
K, 20th Reg., N. G. P., August 16, 
1898 (a Reserve Regiment for Span- 
ish-American War) ; 1st Lieut., May 
17, 1899; Captain and Commissary 
on Staff, October 1, 1898; Captain, 
Supply Company, April 2, 1917. 



Captain George S. Davis . 



Enlisted in Co. B, November 13, 1903; 
appointed Corporal, October 28, 1904 ; 
commissioned 2d Lieut., June 21, 
1907; 1st Lieut., February 28, 1908; 
Captain and Engineer, August 15, 
1910; commissioned Captain, April 2, 
1917. 



Captain William R. Scott Enlisted in State Fencibles Co. D, July 

10, 1884; appointed Corporal, July 30, 
1884; Transf. to Co. B, January 26, 
1885 ; ai)pointed Corporal, June 26, 
1886; appointed Sergeant, May 15, 
1889 ; commissioned 1st Lieut., Sep- 
tember 23, 1892; commissioned Cap- 
tain, December 23, 1892; commis- 
sioned Captain, April 2, 1917 (unas- 
signed) . 



1919 



OFFICERS OF STATE FENCIBLES 



211 



Captain Paul L. Garcia. 



, Enlisted in Co. A, June IG, ISUO ; M. I. 
Co. K, Sixth Penna. Vol. as Co. 
Wagoner Mo., October 17, 1898; re- 
enlisted Co. A; commissioned 2d 
Lieut., Co. A, January 21, 191.'{; Cap- 
tain, June 19, 1915. Captain in regi- 
ment, April 2, 1917. 



Captain Joseph L. Dunn Enlisted in Co. D, April 5, 1894; ap- 
pointed Corporal, June 14, 1897 ; Ser- 
geant, May 13, 1898; served with 
company in Spanish- American War ; 
M. O. with company, October 17, 
1898; re-enlisted December 16, 1898; 
discharged May 21, 1900; business in- 
terference; enlisted Co. D, June 13, 
1905; commissioned 2d Lieut., June 
20, 1905; 1st Lieut., November 12, 
1906; Captain Co. D, May 6, 1907; 
re-elected. May 13, 1912; Captain, 
April 2, 1917. 

Captain Edward J. Holland Commissioned Captain Co. H, April 2, 

1917. Entered service and returned. 

Captain A. Stanley Roberts Commissioned Captain Co. E, April 2, 

1917. Entered service and returned. 

Lieut. Augustine F. Garcia Enlisted as Private, May, 1894; re-en- 
listed as Private, May, 1911; ap- 
pointed Color-Sergeant, June 9, 1915; 
Bat. Adjt. Lieut., April 2, 1917. 



Lieut. Henry T. Porter. 



.Enlisted in Co. D, June 13, 1905; ap- 
pointed Sergt., June 20, 1905; ap- 
pointed Batt. Sergt.-Major, June 9, 
1909; Captain Co. B, February 5, 
1913; Captain Staff, May 7, 1914; 
Lieut. Batt.-Adjt., April 18, 1917; 
Lieut., Batt.-Adjt., April 2, 1918. 



Lieut. D. Webster HarTzell Enlisted in Co. A, August 16, 1910; ap- 
pointed Corporal, March 4, 1912; ap- 
pointed Sergeant, March 9, 1916; 
commissioned 1st Lieutenant, April 2, 
1917. 



212 OFFICERS OF STATE FENCIBLES 1919 

LiEDT. William H. Hinkle Enlisted in Co. A, October 10, 1893; 

appointed Corporal, July 2, 1895; 
Sergeant, May 13, 1898; served with 
Co. K, Sixth Reg. in Spanish-Ameri- 
can War; M. O. October 17, 1898; 
appointed Sergeant Co. A, December 
1, 1899; Priv. Co. A, 1898; 1st Ser- 
geant Co. A, 1898; Quartermaster- 
Sergeant, June 14, 1908; 1st Lieu- 
tenant Co. H, April 2, 1917; Bat- 
talion Supply Officer, 1918. 

Lieut. Benjamin G. Ckowther Enlisted in Co. C, August 26, 1909; ap- 
pointed Corporal, January 25, 1910; 
appointed Q. M. Sergt., October 20, 
1910; appointed Corporal, November 
7, 1912; Sergeant, March 9. 1916; 
1st Lieut., April 2, 1917. 

Lieut. Robert R. McAtee Enlisted in Co. C, May 16, 1907; ap- 
pointed Corporal, July 16, 1908; ap- 
iwinted Sergeant, August 14, 1908; 
appointed 1st Sergt., July 1, 1909; 
appointed Lieutenant, July, 1912; 
resigned, December, 1915; appointed 
Lieutenant Co. H, April 2, 1917. 

Lieut. Horace E. Bonsall Enlisted Private Co. B, May 14, 1914; 

Corporal, September 3, 1915; Ser- 
geant, July 1, 1916; Battalion Ser- 
geant-Major, March 16, 1917; Regi- 
mental Sergeant-Major, April 2, 
1917; commissioned 1st Lieutenant 
Co. B, May 1, 1918. 

LiETTENANT JoHN LuTZ Enlisted in Co. D, October 10, 1905 

appointed Corporal, July 29, 1907 
appointed Sergeant, June 21, 1909 
appointed 1st Sergeant, November 22, 
1911; Lieutenant Supply Co., April 
2, 1917. 

Lieut. Clifiokd K. Fowler Enlisted in Co. D, November 4, 1912; 

appointed Corporal, July 15, 1913; 
appointed Color Sergeant, January, 
1916; commissioned 2d Lieutenant 
Co. D, May 15, 1917. Entered ser- 
vice and returned. 



1919 OFFICERS OF STATE FENCIBLES 



213 



Sergeant James A. Tanner Enlisted Sauitary Detachment, June, 

1916; appointed Sergeant San. Co., 
April 2, 1917. Entered service and 
returned. 

Lieut. William D. Haddon Entered Co. A as a Private, commis- 
sioned Lieutenant Co. A, April 2, 
1917. Entered service and returned. 

Lieutenant C. L. Sayres Appointed 2d Lieutenant, May 1, 1918. 

Lieutenant Raymond W. Meyers Appointed 1st Lieutenant, May 1, IDIS, 

and assigned to command of Co. D. 

Sergeant DANiiiL W. Lanard, J K Appointed Cliicf Musician, June L'2, 

1907. 

Lieut. Thomas W. Shaw Commissioned Lieutenant Co. D, April 

2, 1917. Entered service and returned. 

Capt. IL E^^RET Kendig Commissioned 2d Lieut., Co. A, Feb. 

5tli, 1919; as Lieut. Co. B, October 

23, 1919; Capt. Co. B, Nov. 2d, 1919. 

Lieut. John Z. L. Digman Commissioned 1st Lieut. Co. D, October 

24, 1919, on return from service. 

Lieut. Charles M. Ashton, Jr Commissioned 2d Lieut. Co. D, October 

24th, 1919, on return from service. 

Lieut. Rodney M. Steinman Enlisted Broomall Camp, 1915; ap- 
pointed Corp., October, 1915; ap- 
pointed Sergt. Co. D, May, 1917; en- 
tered training camp, Niagara Falls; 
commissioned Lieut. U. S. A. Return 
to Fencibles assigned Co. D, Lieut., 
April, 1919. 

Lieut. Aram J. Muckhalian Enlisted Co. C, October 26, 1916; com- 
missioned '2d Lieut. Co. C, July Tib, 
1918. 



INDEX 



Adjt. General, Mexican Trouble, 116 

Letter from, 133, 150 

Letter to, 150 
Albany Burgess Corps, 19, 24, 33 
American Legion, Fencibles Post, 142, 
161 

History of, 207 

Officers of, 207 

Reception, 189 
American Rifles, 18 
Amoskeag Veterans, 18 
Anniversary of Buckshot War, 40 
Anniversary, lOOtli State Fencibles, 14 

Address of Hon. N. S. Barratt, 25 

Appeal for subscriptions, 16 

Auto ride, 32 

Banquet, Belleviie Stratford, 32 

Boat ride, 27 

Committee meetings, 17 

Citizens' committee, 16 

Committee on, 15 

Committee on dance, 24 

Council's resolution, 20 

Exercises Independence Square, 
24 

Hartford Courant comment, 34 

Invitation to, 16 

Newspaper account, 17, 18, 31 

Old Colonial Band, 32 

Parade order, 22 

Parade, 13, 28 

Penn's account, 20 

Program for, 19 

Reminiscence, 33 

Visit to League Island and Wash- 
ington Park, 27 



Ancient & Honorable Artillery of 
Mass., 17, 19, 23, 24, 28, 31, 33 
Invitation from, 114, 118, 160 
Presents cup, 49 
Visit of, 1914, 47 
Visit to, 96 

Anniversary, 88th, 198; lOl.st, 46; 
102d, 96; 103d, 111, 112; 105th, 
158; 106th, 160 
Proposed trip, 154 

Armory, 4, 6, 8, 9, 46, 50 

Celebration of victory, 79 

City's answer, 68 

Depositions of Major Furth, 69 

Dispute Sixth Regiment, 11, 53 

Fencibles raise money, 53 

Fir.st trouble, 53 

Improvements, 161 

Lease, 53 

Lease expires, 57 

Proposed lease, 58 

New lease, 77 

Letters, Bureau of City Property, 

55, 59 
Letter from President of Coun- 
cils, 56 
Letters from Finance Committee, 

56 
Letter from George D. Porter, 71 
Letter to P. E. Costello, 57, 58, 76 
Letter to George D. Porter, 70 
Letter to Select & Common Coun- 
cils, 73, 74 
Letter to Mayor Blankonburg, 75 
Letter to Director Wilson, 77 
Letter to Mayor Smith, 79 
Mayor Smith elected, 76 



215 



216 



SPECTEMUR AGENDO 



Newspaper account of fight, 54, 

60, 04, 65, 73 
Old Guard, 197 

Order to open judgment, 64, 68 
Passage of Ordinance, 77 
Petition to open judgment, 62, 66 
Rumor to oust Fencibles, 54 
Suit for possession of, 60, 61 
Second suit, 66 
Talk by Major Lanard, 60 
Talk by Major Furth, 54, 60 

Atlantic City paper comment. 111 

Aimy & Navy Union, 39 
Banquet, 97 
Field day, 112 



B 



Baker, Chalkey, 3, 50 

Ball, W. H., City Property, 56, 59 

Ball, Academy, 10 

American Legion, 161 

Armory, 40, 154, 160 

New York, 10 
Barratt, Hon. Norris S., 24 
Baltimore, 6 
Band, first, 4 

Ben McClurg's, 22 

Old Colonial, 32, 34 

Police Band, 32 
Banquets 

Ackers, 192 

Armory, 13, 41, 47, 154, 158, 160 

Army «fc Navy Union, 39 

Bel]e\Tie-Stratford, 32 

By Major Lanard, 37 

Continental Hotel, 46, 96 

Ilanscoras, 103, 158 

Hotel Adelphia, 47 

Hotel Majestic, 111, 112 

Hotel TrajTnore, 111 

Hotel Walton, 97 

Manufacturers' Club, 13, 159 

Rosemont Cafe, 158 

Union League, 13 

Wanamakers, 14, 96, 97, 110, 158 

Washington Park, 27, 34 



Battalion, formation of, 5, 9 

Camp, 190S, 12 
Belmont Farms, 159 
Benefit Walnut Street Theatre, 154 
Biddle, Clement C, 2, 25, 33, 123 
Blankenburg, Mayor, 16, 75 
Blue Reserves, 7 

Boat ride, 100th Anniversary, 27 
Bonsall, Horace E., service of, 212 
Boston, visit to, 4, 8 
Boston Light Infantry, 18 
Boston Tigers, 19 
Boswell, Rev. Charles M., 96, 193 
Boston Fusileers, 161 
Brazer, Thurber T., 

As guest, 193 

Elected Major, 10 

Letter to, 36 

Reception to, 41 

Resignation of, 35 

Resolutions presented to, 42 

Retired as Major N. G. P., 43 

Sixth Regiment dispute, 11 
Broomall Camp, 82 

Camp, 1915, 98 

Camp, 1917, 156 

Close of camp, 91 

Examination, 90 

Letter to newspapers, 82 

Letter from recruit, 91 

Letter from Gen. Wood, 92 

Letter to Gen. Wood, 92 

Newspaper account of, 83, 84, 87, 
88, 89 

Newspaper representatives, 33 

Orders, 85, 86 
Brookfield, R. M., 22 

As guest, 193 
Brooklyn Eagle, on Roosevelt's Ten- 
der, 147 
Buckshot War, 4 

Anniversary of, 40 

Cause of, 41 
Bunker Hill, 8 
Burton, Capt. A. H., 157 

Presentation of medal, 112 

Service of, 210 



INDEX 



217 



Camp, 

Belnionte Farms, 159 

Bloomfield, 2 

Brooinall, 82, 98, 156 

Cross Roads, 12 

Dupont, 3, 12n 

Edgemont, 1(51 

Fairmount Park, 9 

Janney, 159 

Neshaminy, 103, 116, 161 

Newtown Square, 118 

New Hope, 12 

Port Indian, 158 

Stroudsburg, 12 

Sea Isle, 12 

Traymore, 157 
Cattell, Dr. Edward J., ini 
Centennial Legion, 8, 18, 44, 59, 158 

Anniversary, 1915, 94 

Organization of, 94 
Charlotte Daily Observer, 101 
Charlotte, 100 
Chew, W. Wesley, elected Major, 9 

Death of, 191 

Newspaper account of death, 192 

Order on death, 191 

Resignation of, 10 
Civil War, 6, 74 
Clay, Henry, 13 
Clayton, J. R., 193 
Clinch rifles, 18 
Collins, Charles B., 69 
Commandant, change of 

Brazer elected, 10 

Kuhn elected, 3 

Chew elected, 9 

Lanard elected, 36 

McCall elected, 3 

Page elected, 3 

Roberts elected, 3 

Ryan elected, 7 

Withcrup elected, 10 
Committee, Fencibles 100th Anniver- 
sary, 15, 16 
Coryell, Gen. James B., 22 



Costello, Hon. Peter E., 99 

Letters to, 57, 58, 76 
Cross Roads Camp, 12 
Crowthers, Benjamin G., 

Service of, 211 

D 

Daniels, Lieut. H. A., 110 

Danville, visit to, 100 

Davis, George S., service of, 210 

Detroit Light Infantry, 19 

Dougherty, Major General C. B., 30 

Draft men parade, 157 

Draft men camp, 159 

Dunn, Joseph L., service of, 211 

Duquesne Grays, 24 

Dutton, Lieut., died, 5, 74 

E 

Edgemont, 161 
I'^ighth Regiment, 8 
Eighteenth Regiment, P. V., 6 
Eighty-second Regiment, P. V., 6 
Elliot, Miss, 95 
Ellis, Capt. H. S., resigns, 40 
Elwood, Rev. R. A., 132 
Engineers, Penna. Co. B., 33 
Return from border, 121 
Eutaw Flag, 95 

F 

Fairmount Park camp, 9 

Pageant, 14 
Fayettevillc Light Infantry, 18 
Federal Hill, 6 

Fifth Maryland Infantry, 18, 24 
First Regiment, 9 

Return from border, 119 
First City Troop, 7, 8, 18, 20, 28 
First Co. Governor's Foot Guard, 

Hartford, 19, 28 
"Flu" Epidemic, 159 
Formation of Regiment, 128, 154 

Lectures, 141 

Officers' Camp, 156 

Organization dinner, 154 

Recruiting for regiment, 131 



218 



SPECTEMtJR AGENDO 



Formativai of Battalion, 5, 9 

Ford, Arthur M., elected Lieut., 97 

Fourth Regiment, 7 

Fowler, Clifford K., service of, 212 

Funeral of 

Major Ryan, 9 

Major W. W. Chew, 191 

Capt. Packer, 105 

Sergeant Stimmel, 13 

Major Witherup, 98 
Furth, Emanuel, 18, 31 

Armory dispute, 68 

As guest, 193 

Depositions, 69 

Elected Major O. G., 199 

Newspaper Armory interview, 54 

Talk at Armory, 60 

G 

Gate City Guard of Atlanta, 14, 18, 19, 

23, 24, 29, 32, 33, 54, 95, 99 
Garcia, Col. J. D., 

Hike under, 38 

Service of, 209 
Garcia, Paul L., service of, 211 
Garcia, A. F., service of, 211 
Gleason, Wm., 96 

Governor's Foot Guard, First Co., 152 
Greene, Frank N., service of, 210 
Grubb's Tavern, 3 
Griffith, Warren G., 159, 193 

H 

Hartzell, D. Webster, service of, 211 
Hartford Daily Courant, on 100th An- 
niversary S. F., 34 
Harding's Tavern, 34 
Haddon, Wm. D., service of, 213 
Hattie, Lieut., 109 
Hesser, Lieut. Col. Theo., 7"4, 154 
Hike to 

Belmont Farms, 159 

Edgemont, 161 

Fort Mercer, 38 

Port Indian, 158 

Traymore, 157 



ITinkle, Lieut. Wm., 113 

Service of, 212 
Homestead Riots, 10 
Holland, Edward, 

Resigns, ^6 

Service of, 211 
Hummell, Joseph W., appointed Su- 
perintendent, 114 



Invitation 

Ancient & Honorable Artillery, 

114, 160 
Banquet, Army & Navy Union, 39 
Ball of Old Guard, N.Y., 43, 152 
Boston Light Infantry, 39, 98 
Boston Fusileers, 161 
Fencibles Anniversary, 16, 18 
Governor's Foot Guard Hartford, 

152 
Morris Guards, 110 
New Haven, 104 
Reception, Major Lanard, 40 
Review Second Infantry, N. J., 43 
2d Co. Governor's Foot Guard 

New Haven, 161 
Veteran Guard 3d Regt., 152 
Washington Infty. N. O. Anni- 
versary, 43 
Washington Infty. Pittsburg, 103 
Wildwood, 111 
Independence Day, 3; 1876, 8; 1915, 

97; 1916, 116 
Inspections, 1914, 46; 1916, 103; 1918, 

158; 1919, 160 
Ingersoll, Joseph R., 1 
Italian Envoy's Visit, 155 



Jackson, Gen. Stonewall, 100 

Death of, 102 
Jackson, Mrs. Stonewall, 100 
Janney, Bucks Co., 159 
Johnston, Leonard B., elected Lieut., 

97 
Johnson, Frank, 4 
Jumpe, Lieut. Joseph A., resigns, 45 



INDEX 



219 



Kaighn 's Point, 3 
Kensington Riots, 5 
Kensington Parade, 111 
Kearney, Phil Guards, 18 
Kossuth, Louis, 195 
Kuhn, Capt. Hartman, 3, 123 



Lanard, Thomas S., 

Armory dispute, 54 to 79 

Dinner to Command, 37 

Elected Major, 36 

Funeral address, Capt. Packer, 
106 

Letter from Roosevelt, 144, 145 

Newspaper account election, 36 

Newspaper account of dinner, 37 

Presents cup, 41 

Reception to, 39, 102 

Service of, 209 

Sword presented to, 41 

Visit to Atlanta, etc., 18 

Visit to Roosevelt, 140, 143 

Watch presented to, 157 
Lanard, D. W., 96, 193 
Lanard, Daniel W., Jr., 

Service of, 213 
Law suit, 6th Regiment, 12, 53 
Law suit, 

Armory, 60 

Celebration of victory, 79 

City's answer, 68 

Depositions, 70 

Order to open, 64 

Petition to open judgment, 62, 66 

Sheriff's writ, 61 
Lanneau, Capt. Edwin, resigns, 46 
Lease for Armory, 53 

Expires, 57 

Proposed, 58 

New, 77 
League Island, 

Visit to, 27, 34 
Letters to, 

Adjt. Gen. Mexican Trouble, 116 



Adjt. Gen. World War, 150 
Ancient & Honorable Artillery, 

Capt. Coady, 49 
Mayor BlankenVjurg, 46, 75 
Major Brazer, 36 
Bureau of City Property, 59 
P. E. Costello, 57, 58, 76 
Company officers, Mexican Trou- 
ble, 114 
Congressman Logue, 45 
Officers of Regiment, 130, 132 
Page Medal Committee, 113 
George D. Porter, 70 
Col. Theodore Roosevelt, 138 
Sect'y of War, Mexican Trouble, 

115 
Select and Common Councils, 73, 

74 
Mayor Smith, 79 
Mayor Smith, review of Regiment, 

134 
Mayor Smith, World War, 128 
Director Wra. H. Wilson, 77 
General Wood, 92 

Letters from 

Adjt. Gen. World War, 150 

Adjt. Gen., 132, 133 

Ancient & Honorable Artillery, 46 

Army & Navy Union, 39 

Broomall Recruit, 91 

Bureau of City Property, 55, 59 

Clerk of Councils, 77 

Councils, Independence Day, 1915, 

S7 
Rev. R. A. Elwood, 132 
Family of Capt. Packer, 107, 108 
Finance Committee, 56 
Charles C. Gardiner, 1867, 196 
Page Medal Committee, 113 
President of City Councils, 56 
George D. Porter, 71 
Colonel Roosevelt, 139, 144, 145, 

146 
2d Infantry, N. J., 43 
Tioga Business Asso., 99 
President Wilson, 132 
General Wood, 92 



220 



SPEOTEMUR AGENDO 



Lister, H. A., 

Elected Lieut., 40 

Resigns, 46 
Lutz, John 

Elected Lieut., 37 

Service of, 211 

Mc 

McAtee, Robert R. 

Elected Lieut., 37 

Service of, 212 
MeClurg's Band, 22 
McCall, Jr., John C, 3 
McKenzie, Major R. Tait, 141 
MeNeal, R. L., presents medical kit, 
160 

M 

Maine Memorial Taljlet, 99, 121 
Martin, Hon. J. Willis, 66, 68 
Manufacturers ' Club banquet, 13 
Memorial Day, 1917, 155; 1918, 159; 

1919, 160 
Meeting place of State Fencibles, 3, 6 
Medical Corps 

Civilian Graduates, 205 

Course of instruction, 204 

First camp, 159 

Formation of, 161 

History of, 200 

Officers of, 202 
Mexican War, 5, 74 
Mexican trouble, 44; 1916, 114 
Mink's Tavern, 3, 50 
Militia Act of 1864, 8 
Military Hall, 6, 50 
Moe, John 

Elected Lieut., 110 

Service of, 209 
Morrow, A. R. H. 

Finance committee, 56 
Mount Gretna, 10 
Morris Guards, 23, 24, 29, 32, 33, 110, 

111, 112 
Murphy, James, 207 

As guest, 193 

Elected Capt., 99 

Resignation of, 114 



Myers, Raymond W. 
Service of, 213 

N 

Native American riots, 5 

National Guards, 7 

Reorganization, 9, 11 

National Lancers of Boston, 19 

National Guards Armory, 195 

National Guard 

Fencibles leave, 11 
Fencibles return to, 187 
Celebration of return, 192 

Newtown Square, 118 

New Hope Camp, 12 

New Years Day, 1918, 158 

New Haven, 14, 27, 95 

Proposed visit to, 103 

New Haven Grays, 18, 23, 24, 29, 31, 
34 

New York, visit to, 10, 14, 195 

Newspaper represented Camp Broom- 
all, 93 

Newspaper account of 

American Legion reception, 189 
Broomall Camp, 82 to 89 
Death of Major Chew, 192 
Dinner by Major Lanard, 37 
Election of Major Lanard, 36 
Fencibles Tender Mexican Trou- 
ble, 44, 45 
Fencibles return to P. N. G., 188 
First vote during War, 123 
Hartford Courant, 34 
Hike to Fort Mercer, 38 
Italian Envoy's visit, 155 
Of regiment formation, 129 
One Hundredth Anniversary, 15, 

17, 18 
Old Guard State Fencibles Cen- 
tennial, 189 
Parade, Centennial Legion, 94 
Penn's account, 20, 31 
Reception to Major Brazer, 41 
Reception to Mayor Smith, 109 
Resignation of Major Brazer, 35, 
43 



INDEX 



221 



Review of Regiment, 135 

Roosevelt's Expeditionary Forces, 
140, 141, 142 

Rumor to oust Fenoibles, 54 

Suit for possession, 00, 64, 65, 73 

Tondor of Fenoibles for World 
War, 128, 133 

Trolley strike, 13 

Two Fenoibles in Atlantic City, 
111 

Visit of Ancient & Honorable Ar- 
tillery, 48 

Visit to Morris Guards, 110 

Visit to Charlotte, 101 

General Wooding 's statement, 100 
Neshaminy Falls, 103, 116, 161 
Nobds, Major Percy E., 141 
Norfolk Light Infantry, 18 



Old Colonial Band, 32, 34 

Old Guard of Philadelphia, 23, 29, 33, 

121 
Old Guard, 2d Regiment, 23, 29, 32, 

33 
Old Guard, State Fenoibles 

Banquet, 13 

Centennial Anniversary of, 161, 
189 

History of, 195 

Interesting meeting, 196 

Meeting places, 196 

Officers of, 199 

One hundredth Anniversary, 199 

Reorganization, 12 

Uniform, 199 

Visit, New York, 198 
Old Guard of New York, 18, 24, 33 

Invitation from, 43, 152, 160 
Orders 

Broomall Camp, 85, 156 

Death of Capt. Packer, 104, 105 

Formation of Regiment, 129 

Hike, Fort Mercer, 38 

On death of Major Chew, 191 

Parade, 100th Anniversary, 22 



Return of Fenoibles to P. N. G., 
187 

Review of Regiment, 134, 135 

To close during Armory dispute, 
61 
Organization of State Fenoibles, 1 
Ordinance of Councils 

1004, 12 

Armory, 57 

Proposed lease, 58 

Passage of new, 77 
Order of Independent Americans, 132 



Packer, Capt. Edward 

Address of Major Lanard, 106 

Death of, 104 

Funeral of, 105 

Letters from family of, 107, 108 

Order announcing death, 104, 105 

Presentation of bust of, 96 

Return of Page Medal, 112 

Pageant Fairmount Park, 14 

Page, James, 3 

Account of, 21, 33, 195 
Captain Old Guard, 7 
Elected 1st LieuT., 3 
President, 7 

Parade, 3, 4 

Anniversary Centennial Legion, 

44, 59, 94 
Army & Navy Union, 39 
Buckshot Anniversary, 40 
Co. B Engineers return from 

border, 121 
Conscription parade, 157 
Eighth Regiment, 8 
Escort Italian Envoys, 155 
Funeral of Capt. Packer, 105 
Independence Day, 1916, 116 
Kensington, 111 
Memorial Day, 1917, 155; 1918, 

159; 1919, 160 
100th Anniversary, 22, 28 
101st Anniversary, 46 
102d Anniversary, 96 



222 



SPECTEMUR AGENDO 



103d Anniversary, 112 
Return 1st & 3rd Infty., 119 
2d Regt. return from border, 152 

Tioga, 99 

Wissinoming, 99 
Patton, Edward, introduces ordinance, 

58 
Patterson, Lieut. J. D. 

Resignation of, 37 
Patterson, Hon. John, 61, 64 
Penna. Society Sons of Revolution, 25 
Phila. Officers' Training Battalion, 

157 
Pittsburg riots, 8 
Police Band, 32 
Port Indian, 158 

Porter, Mrs. Henry, dinner by, 159 
Porter, H. T. 

Elected Capt., 40 

Service of, 211 
Presentation of 

Bust of Capt. Packer, 96 

Cup by Ancient & Honorable Ar- 
tillery, 49 

Cup by Major Lanard, 41 

Maine Memorial Tablet, 121 

Medal to Capt. Burton, 112 

Medical Kit, 160 

Resolutions to Major Brazer, 42 

Sword to Major Lanard, 41 

Trophies, 4 

War Posters, 110 

Watch to Col. Lanard, 157 
Price, General W., 30, 31, 120 

as guest, 193 
Prittie, Edwin J. 

Dinner to, 159 

Elected Capt., 37 

Resigns, 45 

Elected Major, 159 

Service of, 209 
Program for 

100th Anniversary, 19 

Celebration Armory victory, 79 

Visit of Ancient & Honorable Ar- 
tillery, 47 
Providence Light Infantry, 18 



Putnam Phalanx, 19, 23, 24, 29, 31, 33, 

34 
Pusey, Col. F. T., 22, 193 

E 

Ransley, Harry C, President of Coun- 
cils, 56 
Reception to 

Major Lanard, 39, 102 

Mayor Thomas B. Smith, 108 
Recruiting for P. N. G., 189 
Reed, Col. R. M. J., 159 
Resolutions 

Civil War, 6, 196 

Councils 100th Anniversary, S. F., 
20 

On World War, 128 

Presented to Major Brazer, 42 
Reyburn, John E., Mayor, 13 
Rhodes, Walter, 191 
Richmond Blues, 17, 18, 19, 24 
Richmond Howitzers, 19 
Riots 

Native American, 5, 74 

Homestead, 10 

Pittsburg, 8 
Roberts, Charles F., 3 
Roberts, H. Stanley, 131, 156, 190 

Service of, 211 
Ross, Capt., Canadian Army, 159 
Roosevelt Expeditionary Forces 

Col. Lanard 's visit, 140 

Formation of, 137 

Letter from, 139 

Letter to Col. Lanard, 144, 145 

Letter to Fencibles, 146 

Newspaper account of, 140, 141, 
142 

President rejects offer, 143 

Statement to Col. Lanard, 143 

Telegram from, 139 

Telegram to President, 143 

Tender of Fencibles, 138, 144 
Ryan, Capt. John R., 7 

Armory, 9, 50 

Death of, 9 

Account of, 21, 33 



INDEX 



223 



s 

Sablosky, A. & L., entertainment by, 

159 
Sayres, C. L. 

Service of, 213 
Scott, Wm. R., 193 

Service of, 210 
Sea Isle City Camp, 12 
Second Battery, N. Y., 10 
Second City Troop, 20 
Second Company Governors Foot 

Guard, New Haven, 104, 161 
Second Peuua. Artillery, 7 
Second Regiment, N. G. P., 152 
Secretary of War, Mexican Trouble, 

115 
Seventy-second Regiment, P. V., 6 
Seventy-eighth Regiment, P. V., 154 
Seventh Regiment, N. Y., 10, 19 
Sharps, Wm. E., 193 
Shaw, Thos. W. 

Service of, 213 
Single, Wm. B., 132 
Sixth Regiment 

Controversy with, 10, 11, 53 

Fencibles attached to, 10, 197 
Smith, Lieut. M. J. 

Resigns, 46 
Smith, Hon. Thomas B. 

Elected Mayor, 76 

Letter from, 128 

Letters to, 79 

Newspaper account of, 109 

Reception to, 108 

Review of Regiment, 134 
Smith, Rowland, 3, 50 
Society War of 1812, 25, 33 
Society of Colonial Wars, 25 
Sons of the Revolution, 33 
Southwark riots, 5 
Spanish-American War, 10, 74 
Stewart, Gen. T. J., 30 
Stimmel, James C. 

Death of, 12 
Strike, trolley, 13 



Stroudsburg, 12 
Stout, P. S. 

Service of, 210 



Tanner, James A. 

Service of, 213 
Target practice, 4 
Tender of Service for 

War, 1812, 2 

Mexican War, Civil War, Mexi- 
can Trouble, 44, 114 

To Roosevelt, 138 

World War, 127, 152 
Third Regiment, return from border, 

119 
Thompson, R. J., 198 
Tinuey, Thos. T. 

Elected Capt., 97 

Exhibition drill by, 102 

Service, 209 
Trade Expansion Tour, 101 
Traymore, Pa., 157 
Trolley strike, 13 
Tryon, George W. 

Service of, 210 

U 

Uniforms, change of, 3, 4, 5 

Pageant, 14 
Union League, banquet at, 13 
Ursbruch, J. Clayton 

Elected Lieut., 99 

Resignation of, 104 

V 

Varuum Continentals, 21, 33 
Veteran Reserve, 161 

History of, 206 

Officers of, 206 
Visit of Ancient & Honorable Artil- 
lery, 47 

Program for entertaining, 47 
Visit to 

Atlanta, 14, 95, 100 



224 



SPEOTEMUR AGENDO 



Atlantic City, 110, 111, 118, 197 
Boston, 4, 8, 96, 114, 160 
Bunker Hill, 8 
Charlotte, 100 
Danville, 100 
Fort Mercer, 38 
Island Heights, 114 
League Island, 27, 34 
New Haven, 14, 27, 95 
New York, 10, 14, l52, 160 
Washington Park, 27, 34 
Wissinoming, 99 
"Voting, first during war, 123 

W 

Walnut Street Theatre, 154 
Wanamaker 's 

Dedication of store, 14 

Cadet Review, 96, 97, 110, 158 

Visit to Camp, 114 
Wars of 

1812, 2 

Buckshot, 4, 40 

Civil, 6, 74 

Mexican 5, 74 

Spanish American, 10, 74 

World War, 124 
War service. State Fencibles, Chapter 

10, 163 
Ward, Gen., 159 
Washington Artillery N. O. 

Invitation from, 43 



Washington Light Infantry, 18, 24, 
33, 95 

Washington Park 
Dinner at, 27, 34 

Washington, Col. William, 95 

Williams, Sergt. Charles J. 

Resigns as superintendent, 114 

Wilson, President 
Letter from, 132 
Message to Congress, 81 
Message on World War, 126 
Rejects Roosevelt 's offer, 143 
Telegram from Roosevelt, 143 
World War, 126 

Wissinoming, visit to, 99 

Witherup, William A. 
Death of, 98 
Elected Major, 10 
Resignation, 10 
Elected Major, O. G., 197 
Resigns, Major, O. G., 19S 

Wooding, Gen. Harry, 100 
Statement of, 100 

Woodland, Lieut. Henry L. 
Resigns, 37 

World War, 

Cause of, 124 
Letter to Mayor, 128 
Newspaper account of, 128 
President 's message, 126 
Tender of service, 128 



